In humans, echinococcal species produce cystic lesions primarily involving the liver and lung. Echinococcal infection is caused far more commonly by Echinococcus granulosa than by E. multilocularis, which accounts for less than 5 percent of all cases of hydatid liver disease. Hydatid disease occurs principally in sheep grazing areas, particularly in the Australia, New Zealand, Greece, Yugoslavia, Middle East, and South American countries, but with increasing migration and traveling, this disease now has a worldwide distribution. This disease is rare in Korea and only few cases have been reported. This is a clinical case report of hydatid cyst of liver caused by Echinococcus granulosus in a 52-year-old man who had been dispatched in the Vietnam from 1966 to 1968.
Australia ; Echinococcosis* ; Echinococcus ; Echinococcus granulosus ; Greece ; Humans ; Korea ; Liver Diseases ; Liver* ; Lung ; Middle Aged ; Middle East ; New Zealand ; Sheep ; Vietnam ; Yugoslavia

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of measurements obtained from 3-dimensional computerized tomography and 3-dimensional cephalogram constructed by using the frontal and lateral cephalogram of six human dry skulls. MATERIALS AND METHODS: After CT scans and each cephalograms were taken, 3-dimensional coordinates (X, Y, Z) of landmarks were obtained using computer programs. In this study, the accuracy of both methods were determined by means of 14 linear measurements compare with caliper measurements. RESULTS: The standard deviation of landmarks of 3-dimensional CT and 3-dimensional cephalogram were 0.23 mm and 0.30 mm in X axis, 0.27 mm and 0.25 mm in Y axis, and 0.27 mm and 0.31 mm in Z axis. In both methods, the standard deviation were less than 0.5 mm in all landmarks, and the most of landmarks showed less than 1 mm in range. Concerning the accuracy, the mean difference between 3-dimensional CT and manual measurements was 0.33 mm, and 1.13 mm between 3-dimensional cephalogram and manual measurement. The distance between RGo and LGo showed the largest difference (2.23 mm). There were highly significant, and large correlation with manual measurements in both methods (p<0.01). CONCLUSION: It is concluded that closeness of repeated measurements to each skulls reveal the precision of both methods. Computerized tomography and cephalogram for 3-dimensional measurement of maxillofacial structure are equivalent in quality to caliper measurements.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Humans ; Skull ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

BACKGROUND: Cleft lip and palate deformity have unknown patterns of maxillofacial growth and development. The maxillofacial growth can be affected either by congenital or environmental factors such as infection and trauma. Surgical repair of cleft lip and palate may interfere the subsequent growth and development of maxillofacial region. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the characteristics of maxillofacial growth patterns in adult cleft lip and palate patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The material for this study consisted of 17 adult male patients with cleft lip and palate. Cephalometric tracing and measurements were done by one investigator. The relationship between 17 cleft lip and palate patients and Korean norms were evaluated statistically. RESULTS: There were statistically difference in Na, perpendicular to point A, SNA angle, effective maxillary length, maxillofacial differencial, Wit's appraisal and upper incisor to point A (p < 0.01). Pogonion to Na. perpendicular also statistically differed (p < 0.05). Other measurements didn't statistically differ. CONCLUSION: It was evident that in adult cleft lip and palate patients, maxilla was retruded and short. Careful cleft lip and palate repair and treatment are recommended for facilitating normal growth of maxilla.
Adult* ; Cleft Lip* ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Growth and Development ; Humans ; Incisor ; Male ; Maxilla ; Palate* ; Research Personnel

BACKGROUND: We analyze the functional evaluation, posterior stability after surgery of acute injuries in the femoral detachment and tibial avulsion fracture of posterior cruciate ligament. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty two patient who underwent primary repair were followed more than one year after operation (mean follow-up 33.7 months). The patients were evaluated with KT 2000 arthrometer and posterior stress test for posterior stability. Lysholm knee score was used for knee function. RESULTS: Lysholm score revealed 85.3 in femoral detachment group and 91.1 in tibial avulsion fracture group (p<0.05). Posterior displacement of the posterior stress test showed 17.2 mm at initial injury and 8.6 mm at last follow up in femoral detachment group. 16.8 mm at initial injury and 7.1 mm at last follow up in tibial avulsion fracture group There revealed the tendency of the improved posterior stability of the tibial avulsion group compared with femoral detachment group, but there showed no statistical significance in KT 2000 arthrometer and posterior stress x-ray. CONCLUSION: Functional results of tibial avulsion fracture group revealed the better outcome compared with femoral detachment group, but the degree of posterior stability in tibial avulsion fracture group showed no statistical significance in posterior stability.
Exercise Test ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Knee ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament*

Congenital dilatation of the common bile duct is relatively rare anomaly. Its pathogenesis has not been completely understood. Complications of the choledochal cyst are mainly suppurative cholangitis, liver cirrhosis, stone formation, malignant change, bile peritonitis due to spontaneous and traumatic rupture. We experienced one case of choledochal cyst associated with hemorrhagic tendency and a cerebral hematoma, which is extremely rare complication. The 3 months old male patient reported here was treated with complete excision of cyst and Roux-en-Y choledochojejunostomy after correction of bleeding tendency and removal of cerebral hematoma. Postoperative course was relatively uneventful. 11 days after operation, the patient was discharged with full improvement.
Bile ; Cholangitis ; Choledochal Cyst* ; Choledochostomy ; Common Bile Duct ; Dilatation ; Hematoma* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Male ; Peritonitis ; Rupture

Primary germ cell tumor of the testis is rare, which occupies 1 to 2% of all reported malignant male neoplasms. Combined primary germ cell tumor of the testis composed of embryonal carcinoma and seminoma is more rare tumor. The authors experienced a case of 50-year old male who presented with painless enlargement of right testicle. He has had radical orchiectomy and diagnosed by pathologically as combined germ cell tumor of testis. The testicle is measuring 180 gm in weight and 9×6×5 cm in dimension, and almostly replaced by tumor mass. Grossly the tumor is rubbery solid smooth tumor mass, with variegated cut surface with geographically outlined diffuse necrotic area. Histologically the tumor is composed of two components of tumor, which are solid growth pattern of large round to polyhedral cells with clear or granular cytoplasm and distinct cell border, and anastomosing glandular and papillary arrangement of anaplastic epithelial cells. The former corresponds to seminoma, and the latter to embryonal carcinoma. Each tumor lobule is separated by abundant fibrous stroma.
Carcinoma, Embryonal ; Cytoplasm ; Epithelial Cells ; Germ Cells* ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal* ; Orchiectomy ; Seminoma ; Testis*

Myasthenia gravis is usually defined as a state of abnormal fatigability. The cause of myasthenia gravis is not known. Several disorders tend to occur more frequently in patients with myasthenia gravis, such as hyperthyroidism or other thyroidal disorder. Anesthetic experiences with thymectomies for two patients with myasthenia gravis has been reported. Both of them tolerated the surgical procedures under endoteracheal Nitrous oxide-Oxygen-Halothane anesthesia well. Diagnosis and clinical features including choice of preanesthetic medication, anesthetic agents, techniques and of neuromuscular blocking agents for myasthenic patients have been discussed. Paramount importance of rigid attention to ventilation, the maintenance of a patent airway and the removal of secretions whenever necessary for the patient safety throughout operative and postoperative period has been stressed.
Anesthesia ; Anesthetics ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Hyperthyroidism ; Myasthenia Gravis* ; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents ; Patient Safety ; Postoperative Period ; Preanesthetic Medication ; Thymectomy ; Thyroid Gland ; Ventilation

Small bowel malignancy consists 1~2% of overall gastrointestinal tract cancer and leiomyosarcomas of small intestine are 10~20% of small bowel malignancy. Small bowel leiomyosarcomas are rare in incidence and have no specific symptoms, signs or definite radiologic findings, so it is not easy to diagnose at early stage of disease. They are found occasionally by unknown origined gastrointestinal bleeding, abdominal pain, intestinal obstruction, perforation and palpable mass, and diagnosed mostly by operation. Recently annual case reports are increasing trend in Korea. We experienced two cases of small bowel leiomyosarcomas which was diagnosed finally by pathologic findings, so we report them with literatural review.
Abdominal Pain ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ; Hemorrhage ; Incidence ; Intestinal Obstruction ; Intestine, Small* ; Korea ; Leiomyosarcoma*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Adenoma*