A combined technique for lid retraction, that includes recession of retractors and Mullerectomy with or without spacers was presented, Twenty two procedures on eleven patients were reviewed, Of 22 procedures, 14 were for upper eyelid retraction and 8 for lower eyelid retration. Preserved sclera as a spacer was used on 5 upper eyelids and 6 lower eyelids in selected cases, Eight patients with lid retraction had hyperthyroidism, two patients showed lid retraction due to previous lid or orbital syrgery and one patient revealed lagophthalmos caused by facial palsy, All patients showed excellent cosmetic appearance during the follow-up period of 6 to 32 months (average 15months), but two patients required reoperation with happy results.
Eyelids* ; Facial Paralysis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hyperthyroidism ; Orbit ; Reoperation ; Sclera

No abstract available.
Risk Factors*

Kyphoplasty has recently attended as a potential treatment for sacral insufficiency fracture. We report a 85-years-old female patient with osteoporotic S1 insufficiency fracture with absence of trauma history treated with kyphoplasty which has no symptom improve with conservative treatment. Kyphoplasty is an effective and useful procedure in the treatment of the sacral insufficiency fracture, additionally reviewed of the literatures.
Female ; Fractures, Stress ; Humans ; Kyphoplasty ; Sacrum

The pseudoaneurysm of the popliteal artery following an arthroscopic posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is rare. We present a case of the delayed pseudoaneurysm of the popliteal artery after arthroscopic posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Open excision of the pseudoaneurysm and pin-point repair were done. Retrospectively reviewing the case, we found that the relation of the popliteal artery and posterior cruciate ligament on preoperative magnetic resonance images can predict the complication of pseudoaneurysm of the popliteal artery.
Aneurysm, False ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Popliteal Artery ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament ; Retrospective Studies

Multiple non-contiguous spinal fracture is a special type of multi-level spinal injury, which is rare but most frequently occur in motor vehicle accident or a falling from a height. We report five patients of multiple non-contiguous spinal fractures. All patients underwent segmental pedicle screws fixation without fusion for preserving facet joints and minimizing blood loss and operation time. We performed necessary operation for any concomitant injuries at the same day.
Humans ; Motor Vehicles ; Spinal Fractures ; Spinal Injuries ; Spine ; Zygapophyseal Joint

Osteochondroma of the proximal fibula is relatively common, but there are only rare reports of this lesion in conjunction with peroneal nerve palsy. We report here on a case of the peroneal nerve palsy secondary to fibular head osteochondroma, and the patient experienced complete recovery of function following the excision of the tumor and neurolysis of the peroneal nerve.
Fibula ; Head ; Humans ; Osteochondroma ; Paralysis ; Peroneal Nerve ; Recovery of Function

To evaluate the maturation and differentiation state of cultured keratinocytes, the author investigated expression of differentiation markers in cultured keratinocytes. The specimens were divided into three experimental groups, 3rd passage keratinocytes cultured in serum free media (3rd SFM group), 6th passage keratinocytes cultured in serum free media (6th SFM group) and 3rd passage keratinocytes cultured in DMEM (DMEM group). CK14, marker of basal layer, expressed in all groups. The expression was localized and condensed in the SFM groups but spreade in the DMEM group. Most of the cells in both SFM groups were positive but a few cells in DMEM group were also positive. CK10, marker of initiation of differentiation, expressed weakly in DMEM group but there was no expression in both SFM groups. Involucrin, marker of terminal differentiation, expressed weakly in DMEM group but there was no expression in both SFM groups. CK16 and 17, markers of fast turnover of keratinocytes, were not expressed in SFM groups. Weak positive reactions were observed in DMEM group. With these results the authors concluded that the keratinocytes from 3rd passage to 6th passage, cultured in serum free media with calcium less than 0.1 mM, had highly homogeneous basal cell characteristics.
Antigens, Differentiation ; Calcium ; Culture Media, Serum-Free ; Humans* ; Keratinocytes* ; Keratins*

Background: Prevention and management of metabolic syndrome (MetS) during childhood are crucial. Recently, obesity among children and adolescents has increased with an increase in mothers’ working hours. The present study was conducted to determine the relationship between mothers’ working hours and MetS in their children. Methods: Data from the 2016–2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used, and 2,598 children and adolescents aged 10–18 years were included. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to confirm the association between MetS and mothers’ working hours for each risk factor. Linear regression analysis was conducted to confirm the association between mothers’ working hours and the number of risk factors for MetS. Results: Abdominal obesity in children was higher when the mothers’ working hours were 53 hours or more (odds ratio [OR], 2.267; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.21–4.25). In the trend analysis, the OR of children’s abdominal obesity increased significantly as mothers’ working hours increased (P-value <0.05). Additionally, sex-stratified analysis revealed a significant trend between maternal work hours and the presence of MetS in female children (P=0.016). The adjusted OR of the presence of MetS in female children with mothers working 53 hours or more weekly was 6.065 (95% CI, 1.954–18.822). Conclusion Mothers’ working hours were highly correlated with the risk of abdominal obesity in their children. The OR of the presence of MetS significantly increased in female children with mothers having longer working hours compared with those with stay-at-home mothers.

Background: Prevention and management of metabolic syndrome (MetS) during childhood are crucial. Recently, obesity among children and adolescents has increased with an increase in mothers’ working hours. The present study was conducted to determine the relationship between mothers’ working hours and MetS in their children. Methods: Data from the 2016–2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used, and 2,598 children and adolescents aged 10–18 years were included. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to confirm the association between MetS and mothers’ working hours for each risk factor. Linear regression analysis was conducted to confirm the association between mothers’ working hours and the number of risk factors for MetS. Results: Abdominal obesity in children was higher when the mothers’ working hours were 53 hours or more (odds ratio [OR], 2.267; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.21–4.25). In the trend analysis, the OR of children’s abdominal obesity increased significantly as mothers’ working hours increased (P-value <0.05). Additionally, sex-stratified analysis revealed a significant trend between maternal work hours and the presence of MetS in female children (P=0.016). The adjusted OR of the presence of MetS in female children with mothers working 53 hours or more weekly was 6.065 (95% CI, 1.954–18.822). Conclusion Mothers’ working hours were highly correlated with the risk of abdominal obesity in their children. The OR of the presence of MetS significantly increased in female children with mothers having longer working hours compared with those with stay-at-home mothers.

Background: Prevention and management of metabolic syndrome (MetS) during childhood are crucial. Recently, obesity among children and adolescents has increased with an increase in mothers’ working hours. The present study was conducted to determine the relationship between mothers’ working hours and MetS in their children. Methods: Data from the 2016–2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used, and 2,598 children and adolescents aged 10–18 years were included. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to confirm the association between MetS and mothers’ working hours for each risk factor. Linear regression analysis was conducted to confirm the association between mothers’ working hours and the number of risk factors for MetS. Results: Abdominal obesity in children was higher when the mothers’ working hours were 53 hours or more (odds ratio [OR], 2.267; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.21–4.25). In the trend analysis, the OR of children’s abdominal obesity increased significantly as mothers’ working hours increased (P-value <0.05). Additionally, sex-stratified analysis revealed a significant trend between maternal work hours and the presence of MetS in female children (P=0.016). The adjusted OR of the presence of MetS in female children with mothers working 53 hours or more weekly was 6.065 (95% CI, 1.954–18.822). Conclusion Mothers’ working hours were highly correlated with the risk of abdominal obesity in their children. The OR of the presence of MetS significantly increased in female children with mothers having longer working hours compared with those with stay-at-home mothers.