1.Statistical Studies on Pediatric Emergency Room Patients.
Yeung Hoon AHN ; Tai Yeul MA ; Jae Seong LEE ; Huh SUN
Journal of the Korean Pediatric Society 1977;20(10):751-756
The authors reviewed 2,420 pediatric age group patients in the emergency room in Inchon Christian Hospital during 2 years period from Jul. 1974 to Jun. 1976. The results were obtained as follow. 1. Among the patients visting the emergency room, the patients under the 15 years of age were 21.9% of total emergency patients. 2. The male to female ratio was 1.6 :1.3. The patients under the 3years of age among the pediatric age group were occupied 43.7%. 4. Monthly distribution of patients showed high incidence in Jun., aug. and Sep. 5. Most frequent disease was respiratory diseases (26.6%), followed by accident (22.1%), gastrointestinal disease (13.6%) and neurologic disease(11.2%). 6. In the reapiratory diseases, the most frequent disease was URI (57.9%), followed by pneumonia (18.9%) and bronchitis (8.6%), In the accidents, the most frequent disease was traffic accident (28.3%), followed by trauma (24.9%) and burn (15.9%). In the gastroentestinal diseases, the most frequent diseas was diarrhea (47.9%), followed by gastrointerits (26.2%)and dysentery (10.1%). In the neurologic diseases, the most frequent diseas was febrile convulsion (32.3%), followed by tbc. Meningitis (21.3%) and epilepsy (19.5%). In the neonatal diseases, the most frequent disease was aspiration pneumonia (23.1%) and epilepay (19.5%). In the neonatal diseases, the most frequent disease was aspiration pneumonia (23.1%), followed by dehydration fever (17.1%) and prematurity (14.5%). In the poisonings, the most frequent factor was CO gas (37.7%), followed by food poisoning (21.9%)and insecticide (9.6%). In the infectious diseases, the most frequent disease was measles (34.3%), followed by pulmonary tbc. (16.2%) and mumps (12.1%). 7. Most popular time of visiting the emergency room was betwiin 8 : 00 pm to 12 : 00pm, at which time about 33.9% of patients were seen. 8. Admission rate through emergency room was 28.5% of total admitted patients.
Accidents, Traffic
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Bronchitis
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Burns
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Communicable Diseases
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Dehydration
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Diarrhea
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Dysentery
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Emergencies*
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Emergency Service, Hospital*
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Epilepsy
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Female
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Fever
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Foodborne Diseases
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Gastrointestinal Diseases
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Humans
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Incheon
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Incidence
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Male
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Measles
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Meningitis
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Mumps
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Pneumonia
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Pneumonia, Aspiration
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Poisoning
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Seizures, Febrile
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Statistics as Topic*
2.Treatment Outcomes of Rituximab Plus Hyper-CVAD in Korean Patients with Sporadic Burkitt or Burkitt-like Lymphoma: Results of a Multicenter Analysis.
Junshik HONG ; Seok Jin KIM ; Jae Sook AHN ; Moo Kon SONG ; Yu Ri KIM ; Ho Sup LEE ; Ho Young YHIM ; Dok Hyun YOON ; Min Kyoung KIM ; Sung Yong OH ; Yong PARK ; Yeung Chul MUN ; Young Rok DO ; Hun Mo RYOO ; Je Jung LEE ; Jae Hoon LEE ; Won Seog KIM ; Cheolwon SUH
Cancer Research and Treatment 2015;47(2):173-181
PURPOSE: This study was conducted to evaluate outcomes in adult patients with Burkitt lymphoma (BL) or Burkitt-like lymphoma treated with an rituximab plus hyper-CVAD (R-hyper-CVAD) regimen by focusing on tolerability and actual delivered relative dose intensity (RDI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients > or = 20 years of age and pathologically diagnosed with BL or Burkitt-like lymphoma were treated with at least one cycle of R-hyper-CVAD as the first-line treatment in this study. Eligible patients' case report forms were requested from their physicians to obtain clinical and laboratory data for this retrospective study. RESULTS: Forty-three patients (median age, 51 years) from 14 medical centers in Korea were analyzed, none of which were infected with human immunodeficiency virus. The majority of patients had advanced diseases, and 24 patients achieved a complete response (75.0%). After a median follow-up period of 20.0 months, 2-year event-free and overall survival rates were 70.9% and 81.4%, respectively. Eleven patients (25.6%) were unable to complete the R-hyper-CVAD regimen, including six patients due to early death. The RDIs of adriamycin, vincristine, methotrexate, and cytarabine were between 60% and 65%, which means less than 25% of patients received greater than 80% of the planned dose of each drug. Poor performance status was related to the lower RDIs of doxorubicin and methotrexate. CONCLUSION: R-hyper-CVAD showed excellent treatment outcomes in patients who were suitable for dose-intense chemotherapy. However, management of patients who are intolerant to a dose-intense regimen remains problematic due to the frequent occurrence of treatmentrelated complications.
Adult
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Burkitt Lymphoma
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Cytarabine
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Doxorubicin
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Drug Therapy
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Follow-Up Studies
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HIV
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Humans
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Korea
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Lymphoma*
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Methotrexate
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Retrospective Studies
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Survival Rate
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Vincristine
3.Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of Eculizumab in Patients With Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria and High Disease Burden: Real-World Data From Korea
Jin Seok KIM ; Jun Ho JANG ; Deog-Yeon JO ; Seo-Yeon AHN ; Sung-Soo YOON ; Je-Hwan LEE ; Sung-Hyun KIM ; Chul Won CHOI ; Ho-Jin SHIN ; Min-Kyoung KIM ; Jae Hoon LEE ; Yeung-Chul MUN ; Jee Hyun KONG ; BokJin HYUN ; HyunSun NAM ; Eunhye KIM ; Min Joo KWAK ; Yong Kyun WON ; Jong Wook LEE
Journal of Korean Medical Science 2023;38(41):e328-
Background:
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a rare hematologic disorder characterized by uncontrolled terminal complement activation. Eculizumab, a monoclonal antibody C5 inhibitor was introduced in Korea in 2009 and has been the standard treatment option for PNH.
Methods:
This study assessed the long-term efficacy/safety of eculizumab in PNH using real-world data from the Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service. Eighty patients who initiated eculizumab from 2009–2020 were enrolled.
Results:
At eculizumab initiation, the median age was 51.5 years, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) 6.8 × upper limit of normal, and granulocyte clone size 93.0%. All patients had at least one PNH-related complication before eculizumab initiation, including renal failure (n = 36), smooth muscle spasm (n = 24), thromboembolism (n = 20), and pulmonary hypertension (n = 15). The median (range) duration of eculizumab treatment was 52.7 (1.0, 127.3) months (338.6 total treated patient-years). Despite high disease activity in the study population before treatment initiation, overall survival was 96.2% and LDH levels were stabilized in most patients during treatment. PNH-related complications at treatment initiation were resolved in 44.4% of patients with renal failure, 95.8% with smooth muscle spasm, 70.0% with thromboembolism, and 26.7% with pulmonary hypertension. Extravascular hemolysis occurred in 28.8% of patients (n = 23; 0.09 per patient-year) and breakthrough hemolysis in 18.8% (n = 15; 0.06 per patient-year). No treatment discontinuation cases related to eculizumab were observed.
Conclusion
These data provided evidence for the long-term efficacy and safety of eculizumab in Korean PNH patients with high disease burdens.
4.Increased CD68/TGFβ Co-expressing Microglia/Macrophages after Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Rhesus Monkeys
Hyeon Gu YEO ; Jung Joo HONG ; Youngjeon LEE ; Kyung Sik YI ; Chang Yeop JEON ; Junghyung PARK ; Jinyoung WON ; Jincheol SEO ; Yu Jin AHN ; Keonwoo KIM ; Seung Ho BAEK ; Eun Ha HWANG ; Green KIM ; Yeung Bae JIN ; Kang Jin JEONG ; Bon Sang KOO ; Philyong KANG ; Kyung Seob LIM ; Sun Uk KIM ; Jae Won HUH ; Young Hyun KIM ; Yeonghoon SON ; Ji Su KIM ; Chi Hoon CHOI ; Sang Hoon CHA ; Sang Rae LEE
Experimental Neurobiology 2019;28(4):458-473
The function of microglia/macrophages after ischemic stroke is poorly understood. This study examines the role of microglia/macrophages in the focal infarct area after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rhesus monkeys. We measured infarct volume and neurological function by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and non-human primate stroke scale (NHPSS), respectively, to assess temporal changes following MCAO. Activated phagocytic microglia/macrophages were examined by immunohistochemistry in post-mortem brains (n=6 MCAO, n=2 controls) at 3 and 24 hours (acute stage), 2 and 4 weeks (subacute stage), and 4, and 20 months (chronic stage) following MCAO. We found that the infarct volume progressively decreased between 1 and 4 weeks following MCAO, in parallel with the neurological recovery. Greater presence of cluster of differentiation 68 (CD68)-expressing microglia/macrophages was detected in the infarct lesion in the subacute and chronic stage, compared to the acute stage. Surprisingly, 98~99% of transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) was found colocalized with CD68-expressing cells. CD68-expressing microglia/macrophages, rather than CD206⁺ cells, may exert anti-inflammatory effects by secreting TGFβ after the subacute stage of ischemic stroke. CD68⁺ microglia/macrophages can therefore be used as a potential therapeutic target.
Brain
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Haplorhini
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Immunohistochemistry
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Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery
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Inflammation
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Macaca mulatta
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Microglia
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Middle Cerebral Artery
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Primates
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Stroke
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Transforming Growth Factor beta
5.Long-term follow-up results of cytarabine-containing chemotherapy for acute promyelocytic leukemia
Young Hoon PARK ; Dae-Young KIM ; Yeung-Chul MUN ; Eun Kyung CHO ; Jae Hoon LEE ; Deog-Yeon JO ; Inho KIM ; Sung-Soo YOON ; Seon Yang PARK ; Byoungkook KIM ; Soo-Mee BANG ; Hawk KIM ; Young Joo MIN ; Jae Hoo PARK ; Jong Jin SEO ; Hyung Nam MOON ; Moon Hee LEE ; Chul Soo KIM ; Won Sik LEE ; So Young CHONG ; Doyeun OH ; Dae Young ZANG ; Kyung Hee LEE ; Myung Soo HYUN ; Heung Sik KIM ; Sung-Hyun KIM ; Hyukchan KWON ; Hyo Jin KIM ; Kyung Tae PARK ; Sung Hwa BAE ; Hun Mo RYOO ; Jung Hye CHOI ; Myung-Ju AHN ; Hwi-Joong YOON ; Sung-Hyun NAM ; Bong-Seog KIM ; Chu-Myong SEONG
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine 2022;37(4):841-850
Background/Aims:
We evaluated the feasibility and long-term efficacy of the combination of cytarabine, idarubicin, and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) for treating patients with newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL).
Methods:
We included 87 patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia and a t(15;17) or promyelocytic leukemia/retinoic acid receptor alpha (PML-RARα) mutation. Patients received 12 mg/m2/day idarubicin intravenously for 3 days and 100 mg/m2/day cytarabine for 7 days, plus 45 mg/m2/day ATRA. Clinical outcomes included complete remission (CR), relapse-free survival (RFS), overall survival (OS), and the secondary malignancy incidence during a 20-year follow-up.
Results:
The CR, 10-year RFS, and 10-year OS rates were 89.7%, 94.1%, and 73.8%, respectively, for all patients. The 10-year OS rate was 100% for patients that achieved CR. Subjects were classified according to the white blood cell (WBC) count in peripheral blood at diagnosis (low-risk, WBC < 10,000/mm3; high-risk, WBC ≥ 10,000/mm3). The low-risk group had significantly higher RFS and OS rates than the high-risk group, but the outcomes were not superior to the current standard treatment (arsenic trioxide plus ATRA). Toxicities were similar to those observed with anthracycline plus ATRA, and higher than those observed with arsenic trioxide plus ATRA. The secondary malignancy incidence after APL treatment was 2.7%, among the 75 patients that achieved CR, and 5.0% among the 40 patients that survived more than 5 years after the APL diagnosis.
Conclusions
Adding cytarabine to anthracycline plus ATRA was not inferior to anthracycline plus ATRA alone, but it was not comparable to arsenic trioxide plus ATRA. The probability of secondary malignancy was low.