This study was designed to investigate effects of maternal education using Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale(the following will be marked as NBAS) on the mother-infant interaction and infant behavior. The subjects of this study consisted of 48 pairs of normal mother and infant, 24 pairs for intervention group and 24 pairs for control group. The subjects were recruited from two general hospitals, and an OBGY clinic located in J city. The data were collected from July 30, 2001 to October 6, 2001. Prior to investigation and data collection, following operational hypotheses were set up in order to compare the investigative data against these operational hypotheses(H). H1: Intervention group will higher mother-infant interaction score than control group. H2: Intervention group infants will higher overall performance in infant behavior test score than control group infants. The results of this study were summarized as follows: 1. The mother-infant interaction score was 59.79 points in intervention group and 53.91 points in control group. The mother-infant interaction score of intervention group showed significant difference than control group. Therefore, hypothesis 1 was supported. 2. The infant behavior score of intervention group was significantly higher than control group, but partially. Therefore, hypothesis 2 was partially supported. 1) The social interaction(orientation) score was 46.58 points in intervention group and 43.50 points in control group. The orientation score of intervention group showed significant difference than control group. 2) The state regulation score was 26.79 points in intervention group and 25.33 points in control group. The state regulation score of intervention group showed significant difference than control group. In conclusion, present work demonstrated that maternal education using NBAS is an effective intervention method for promotion of mother-infant interaction and of infant behavior development. Author believes that many inexperience young mother may find NBAS-based maternal education beneficial for their nursing babies, therefore NBAS-based intervention is recommended to be adopted routinely as an integral part of neonatal nursing strategies.
Data Collection ; Education* ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant Behavior* ; Infant* ; Infant, Newborn ; Mother-Child Relations* ; Mothers ; Neonatal Nursing ; Nursing ; Child Health

BACKGROUND: Pleural effusion is a common clinical problem and many clinical and laboratory evaluations, such as tumor marks, have been studied to discriminate malignant pleural fluid from benign pleural fluid. However their usefulness in the diagnosis of pleural effusion is still not established fully. We studied the diagnostic value of cyfra 21-1 in diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion. METHODS: Pleural fluid was obtained from 45 patients with malignant diseases(32 lung cancer patients, 13 metastatic malignant diseases) and 47 patients with benign diseases. The level of cyfra 21-1 in the pleural fluid and serum were determined using a CYFRA 21-1 enzyme immunoassay kit(Cis-Bio International Co.). The t-test was used for comparison between two diseases groups and receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curves were constructed by calculating the sensitivities and specificities of the cyfra 21-1 at several points to determine the diagnostic accuracy of the cyfra 21-1. RESULTS: In patients with primary lung cancer, the level of cyfra 21-1 in the pleural fluid was significantly higher than those of patients with benign diseases and had positive correlations between the level of cyfra 21-1 in the pleural fluid and serum levels. In the ROC curve analysis of the pleural fluid, the curve for primary lung cancer group was located closer to the left upper corner and the cut off value, sensitivity and specificity of the cyfra 21-1 of the primary lung cancer group was determined as 22.25ng/ml, 81.8% and 78.7% respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicates that the measurement of cyfra 21-1 level in pleural effusion has useful diagnostic value to discriminate malignant pleural effusion in primary lung cancer from benign pleural effusion.
Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential* ; Humans ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Lung Neoplasms ; Pleural Effusion* ; Pleural Effusion, Malignant ; ROC Curve

Even though the mechanism and the nature of radiation induced pneumonitis, esophagitis and gastroenteritis were detailed by many authors, complicated secondary infection is still serious problem, sometimes fatal, even today. We experience a case of multiple pyogenic abscess in subcutaneous tissue of the back and both kidneys which could not differenciate from multiple metastatic sarcoma grossly, and report with review of literatures, lab. findings.
Abscess* ; Animals ; Coinfection ; Esophagitis ; Gastroenteritis ; Kidney ; Mice* ; Pneumonia ; Sarcoma ; Subcutaneous Tissue

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to integrate the results of qualitative studies to understand critical care survivors' experience of the post-intensive care syndrome (PICS).METHODS: This was a meta-synthesis of primary studies that used qualitative methods. We reviewed 26 qualitative studies on PICS selected from 8 international and Korean databases and from a manual search. Thomas and Harden's 3 stages (free coding, development of descriptive themes, generation of analytical themes) for thematic synthesis were utilized to analyze the collected qualitative data.RESULTS: Four descriptive themes emerged from the thematic synthesis: weak physical conditions, psycho-emotional changes, the painful-memory of intensive care units, and social vulnerability. The analytical theme for the current study was “unfamiliarity with the vulnerable self.” Critical care survivors had to confront entirely different “selves” after discharge from intensive care units. They had become physically weak, psychologically unstable, and the critical memories continued to create distress. These changes increased their social vulnerability by making them dependent on others, causing family conflicts, and changing interpersonal relationships.CONCLUSIONS: Finding from this qualitative synthesis and other related literature highlight the severity of PICS and the importance of rehabilitative intervention for critical care survivors.
Clinical Coding ; Critical Care ; Family Conflict ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units ; Qualitative Research ; Survivors

Invasive aspergillosis has been increasing as the number of severe immunocompromised hosts rises. Particularly, in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients, incidence of invasive aspergillosis ranges from 4 to 10%. Even with appropriate treatment, the prognosis of invasive aspergillosis in allogeneic HSCT recipients remains poor, showing high mortality rate. Herein, we report a case where invasive aspergillosis in a patient with acute myelogeneous leukemia progressed to disseminated aspergillosis after allogeneic HSCT. A 31-year-old woman with acute myelogenous leukemia had invasive aspergillosis after third reinduction chemotherapy. After administering amphotericin B, the patient underwent the wedge resection of lung, and HLA-matched allogeneic HSCT was then conducted. On day 14 of transplantation, the patient died of disseminated aspergillosis, including possible cerebritis and endocarditis despite the amphotericin B therapy.
Adult ; Amphotericin B ; Aspergillosis* ; Drug Therapy ; Endocarditis ; Female ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation* ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells* ; Humans ; Immunocompromised Host ; Incidence ; Leukemia ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; Lung ; Mortality ; Prognosis ; Stem Cell Transplantation

BACKGROUND: Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma presenting in the eye is a rare disorder. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical features, treatment outcome and complications of patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the eye. METHODS: We designed retrospective, observational case study. The participants included 22 consecutive patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the orbit and ocular adnexa treated at the Yeungnam University Hospital between 1992 and 2001. RESULTS: There were 16 males (73%) and 6 females (27%). The median age at ocular presentation was 47. The most common presenting complaint was slowly growing mass at the eye. Histopathologic studies revealed extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma, MALT type in 19 cases (86%), B-cell small lymphocytic lymphoma in one case, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in one case, and lymphoplasmacytoid lymphoma/immunocytoma in one case. The stages of lymphomas were IA(E) in 17 cases (82%), IIA(E) in 2 cases (9%), IIIA(E) in 2 cases (9%). Radiotherapy alone was employed in 17 cases, chemoradiotherapy was done in 3 cases, chemotherapy alone was administered in one case. Nineteen out of 21 cases (90%) achieved a complete remission, and 5 year survival rate was approximately 90%. Subgroup analysis of the patients with lymphomas in stage IA(E) revealed that complete response rate was 100% and 5 year survival rate was 100% CONCLUSION: Radiotherapy alone can produce durable remission in the majority of the patients with localized extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma, MALT type. However, combination chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy should be considered in the patients with aggressive lymphomas or indolent lymphomas with systemic manifestation.
B-Lymphocytes ; Chemoradiotherapy ; Drug Therapy ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell ; Lymphoma ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin* ; Male ; Orbit* ; Radiotherapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Treatment Outcome

Invasive aspergillosis has been increasing as the number of severe immunocompromised hosts rises. Particularly, in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients, incidence of invasive aspergillosis ranges from 4 to 10%. Even with appropriate treatment, the prognosis of invasive aspergillosis in allogeneic HSCT recipients remains poor, showing high mortality rate. Herein, we report a case where invasive aspergillosis in a patient with acute myelogeneous leukemia progressed to disseminated aspergillosis after allogeneic HSCT. A 31-year-old woman with acute myelogenous leukemia had invasive aspergillosis after third reinduction chemotherapy. After administering amphotericin B, the patient underwent the wedge resection of lung, and HLA-matched allogeneic HSCT was then conducted. On day 14 of transplantation, the patient died of disseminated aspergillosis, including possible cerebritis and endocarditis despite the amphotericin B therapy.
Adult ; Amphotericin B ; Aspergillosis* ; Drug Therapy ; Endocarditis ; Female ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation* ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells* ; Humans ; Immunocompromised Host ; Incidence ; Leukemia ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; Lung ; Mortality ; Prognosis ; Stem Cell Transplantation

As per guidelines for treating dyslipidemia, the recommended low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level in extremely high-risk patients, including those with coronary artery diseases is <55 mg/dL. Although this recommendation has been adopted in the guidelines for dyslipidemia in various countries, there is limited evidence of its efficacy in reducing cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), especially among East Asian patients. This study aimed to investigate whether an LDL-C value below 55 mg/dL is associated with decreased risk of CVDs. Methods: Seven clinical trials including 50,970 patients that compared intensive lipidlowering therapy with less therapy or placebo in patients who had >6 months of follow-up, those with a sample size of ≥150 were selected as the final literature for analysis. Risk ratios (RR) using random effects were represented with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the reliability of the results. Results: An LDL-C level of <55 mg/dL was related to significantly reduced events of major CVDs (RR: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.80-0.98) and myocardial infarction (RR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.73-0.90) and a reduced risk of ischemic stroke (RR 0.79; 95% CI 0.69-0.89, mean follow-up=2 years). However, an LDL-C level below 55 mg/dL did not reduce the incidence of CVD in intensive therapy in East Asian patients. Conclusions: A goal LDL-C value below 55 mg/dL was identified to be related to a decreased risk of developing CVD. However, the relation to LDL-C below 55 mg/dL with a decreased risk of CVD was not observed in East Asian patients.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate efficacy and safety of local injection of potassium chloride (KCl) and methotrexate (MTX) in the treatment of cornual pregnancy. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed all cases of cornual pregnancy treated conservatively from 2005 through August 2007. Eight cases were identified and two cases were heterotopic interstitial pregnancy. All cases were managed with local injection of KCl or methotrexate under ultrasound guidance and 2 cases were treated with intra-muscular injection of MTX in combination. After the procedure all cases with cardiac activity was confirmed to be aborted by ultrasound. Also serial follow-up sonographic examination and serum beta-hCG measurement were performed. RESULTS: The mean initial beta-hCG level was 53,331.6 mIU/mL and ranged from 14,332 mIU/mL to 125,721 mIU/mL. Mean gestational age was 48.3 days from 40 to 65 days. All cases were aborted successfully and follow up beta-hCG were declined abruptly. Two cases of heterotopic pregnancy resulted in successful deliveries at full term. CONCLUSION: Cornual resection or hysterectomy should no longer be the first line of treatment for hemodynamically stable patients with cornual pregnancy. They can be successfully treated through local injection of MTX or KCl by ultrasound guidance.
Follow-Up Studies ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Methotrexate ; Potassium ; Potassium Chloride ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Heterotopic ; Retrospective Studies