In Korea where night soil used as fertilizer for crops and vegetables they may be contaminated simultaneously with infective stage of ascaris, hookworm and other helminthes. In this circumstance, the ascaris eggs and hookworm larvae may adhere to certain kinds of leafy vegetables(Chyu, 1957) and may remain viable even after pickling in brine or in other substances (Han and Ko, 1952; Soh, 1960). It has been shown that Heliogen(Thitasut, 1961) will kill the parasite eggs and larvae, and Sodium nitrite (Kozai, 1960; Kim and Soh 1964) and Thiabendazole (Kutsmi, 1964 and 1965; Kim et al., 1966) also had ovicidal action. The present study has been planned to study the ovicidal and larvicidal actions of several chemicals in Korean pickle juice(Kimchi) and the results are summarized as follows: Heliogen solution(iodine 100 ppm) did not destroy the ascaris and hookworm eggs within 30 minutes at the temperature of 15-30 C, but the hookworm larvae were killed within 3 minutes under the same conditions. Sodium nitrite which was added to pickle juice at the rate of 0.1 percent destroyed more than 90 percent of ascaris fresh eggs within 10 days and the embryonated eggs were destroyed within 2 days. Hookworm eggs were destroyed within 3 days and larvae were killed within 7 hours. Thiabendazole which was added to pickle juice at the rate of 0.1-0.025 percent inhibited the infectivity of ascaris embryonated eggs within 24 hours and hookworm eggs were destroyed in the same concentrations of the reagent. Hydrogen ion concentration of pickle juice which was mixed with Sodium nitrite (0.1 percent) was not changed for 10 days. 1.5 mg of Sodium nitrite or Thiabendazole produced no toxicity in kidney and intestine of mice but slight pathological changes in the liver of the same animal.
parasitology-helminth-nematoda ; Ascaris lumbricoides ; thiabendazole ; mouse ; sodium nitrite ; iodine

No abstract available.
Mass Screening* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed*

Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) that is seldom cited as a Kawasaki disease (KD) complication is known as an additional, potentially severe, and frequently irreversible sequel. Furthermore the vestibular functions of KD have been underestimated and it could be an important complication combined with SNHL in KD. We described a case that a 4 year-old boy who developed vestibular loss with SNHL has recovered successfully with a combined treatment.
Ear, Inner* ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural ; Humans ; Labyrinthitis* ; Male ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome*

No abstract available.
Sinusitis*

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence, location, and risk factors for the peripheral nerve entrapments of upper extremity among the crutch or cane users. METHOD: We performed the clinical and electrodiagnostic assessments of both upper extremities in 43 crutch or cane users and 49 able-bodied controls. RESULTS: The prevalence for the nerve entrapment of upper extremity among the crutch or cane users was 27.9% by the clinical criteria and 86.0% by the electrodiagnostic criteria. Electrodiagnostically, the median nerve entrapment was 76.7%, and the ulnar nerve entrapment was 72.1% among the crutch or cane users. The carpal tunnel was the most common site for the entrapment. Body weight, duration of disability, and duration of crutch or cane use were found to be significantly correlated with the emtrapments of median nerve, whereas duration of crutch or cane use alone was significantly correlated with the entrapments of ulnar nerve. CONCLUSION: The peripheral nerve entrapments of upper extremity is associated with the chronic crutch or cane use and the preventive strategies need to be developed for the patients with risks.
Body Weight ; Canes* ; Humans ; Median Nerve ; Nerve Compression Syndromes ; Peripheral Nerves* ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Ulnar Nerve ; Ulnar Nerve Compression Syndromes ; Upper Extremity*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between ultrasonography (US) quality and clinical outcomes in patients undergoing surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma. METHODS: Between 2008 and 2013, 155 patients were diagnosed with liver cancer during regular surveillance by positive US results (US group, n=82) or by computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance image (MRI) scanning as alternative modalities (CT/MRI group, n=73). The quality of the echogenic window, macronodularity of the liver parenchyma, and occurrence of surveillance failure (initial tumor diagnosis beyond the Milan criteria or at Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage B or C) were evaluated. Overall survival was compared according to whether surveillance failure occurred. RESULTS: The patients in the CT/MRI group with negative US results had a higher proportion of parenchymal macronodularity on US than those in the US group (79.5% vs. 63.4%, P=0.028). Surveillance failure tended to be more common in the US group than in the CT/MRI group (40.2% vs. 26.0% by the BCLC staging system [P=0.061]). In the US group, surveillance failure occurred more frequently when the echogenic window was inadequate (50.0% vs. 19.4% by the Milan criteria [P=0.046]). Significantly poorer 5-year overall survival was associated with surveillance failure (P≤0.001). CONCLUSION: Parenchymal macronodularity hindered the detection of early-stage tumors during US surveillance. Using an alternative imaging modality may help prevent surveillance failure in patients with macronodular parenchyma on US. Supplemental surveillance strategies than US may also be necessary when the echogenic window is inadequate.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Liver ; Liver Neoplasms ; Population Surveillance ; Ultrasonography

Six hundred fifty-one metacarpal bones of Koreans were studied for variations in articular and non-articular surface and the number, position and direction of the diaphyseal nutrient foramina. The facets for articulation of the metacarpal bone with one another showed very frequent variations from the standard text-book description. The number and the sites of entry of the diaphyseal nutrient foramina also showed considerable variations. These findings show no apparent racial difference in variations of metacarpal bones between a Korean and an Indian.
Metacarpal Bones*

The acute Achilles tendon rupture usually occurs to the people who participate in sports-related activities between 30 and 40 years of age. Recently surgical repair is the standard treatment in acute Achilles tendon rupture. After the Achilles tendon rupture in the left ankle, a 30-years old young man had been suffered from re-rupturing within three months after the primary repair. 2 years later, right-side Achilles tendon was reruptured after primary repair consequently. In the revision surgery, we performed V-Y advancement of the gastrocnemius-soleus fascia and reinforcement of the semitendinosus tendon. None of the English-literature was reported about using the semitendinosus tendon in revision surgery of the Achilles tendon retear previously. Therefore, we report this case and surgical technique because of the simple technique and the excellent results.
Achilles Tendon* ; Adult ; Ankle ; Fascia ; Humans ; Rupture ; Tendons* ; Transplants*

Although spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is a frequent complication in the childhood nephrotic syndrome, it is very rare in adults with nephrotic syndrome. It frequently develops when the patients are either in relapse or receiving steroid therapy at the time peritonitis is diagnosed. We report an unusual case of a spontaneous bacterial peritonitis as the presenting feature in a 15-year-old male patient with nephrotic syndrome. He presented with diffuse abdominal pain and distension for 15 days. Abdominal paracentesis revealed the diagnostic laboratory findings of peritonitis, and the bacterial culture of the ascites showed a mixed growth of Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruzinosa. His serum albu- min level was 1.6gldL and the amount of 24 hours proteinuria was 21.0g/day. Although he was treated with adequate antibiotics for 3 weeks, the peritonitis was more aggravated. We decided to insert a catheter into the peritoneal cavity for continuous drainage of the intractable ascites. Two weeks after drainage, the peritonitis improved as the peritonitis subsided, the proteinuria disappeared completely without a steroid therapy. Six months after spontaneous remission, the proteinuria have recurred, and the kidney biopsy then showed focal segmental glomerulorsclerosis.
Abdominal Pain ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Ascites ; Biopsy ; Catheters ; Drainage ; Escherichia coli ; Humans ; Kidney ; Male ; Nephrotic Syndrome* ; Paracentesis ; Peritoneal Cavity ; Peritonitis* ; Proteinuria ; Pseudomonas ; Recurrence ; Remission, Spontaneous

Iodinated contrast-induced acute renal failure is estimated to occur in 0.15 to 2% of all patients undergoing contrast imaging studies. Incidence is higher in patients with renal insufficiency, diabetes mellitus, dehydration, multiple myeloma, congestive heart failure, advanced age. We here report successful vascular interventional procedure by using gadopentetate dimeglumine(Gd-DTPA) as a contrast agent in a patient with chronic renal insufficiency and right superficial femoral artery stenosis. The patient had a history of iodinated contrast-induced acute renal failure. Gd-DTPA(0.17mmoVkg) diluted 1: 1 with 0.9% norrnal saline was used as contrast agent for the interventional procedure. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty was successfully performed and there was no evidence of contrast material- induced acute renal failure after the procedure. Gd- DTPA is an alternative contrast agent for patients with chronic renal insufficiency.
Acute Kidney Injury ; Angioplasty* ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Dehydration ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Femoral Artery ; Gadolinium DTPA* ; Heart Failure ; Humans ; Incidence ; Multiple Myeloma ; Pentetic Acid ; Renal Insufficiency ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic*