For the nonunion of humeral shaft, there have been many methods of treatment. We are aimed to analyse the causes of nonunion of humeral shaft fracture and present the direction of treatment. We reviewed total 21 cases which were diagnosed as delayed or nonunion of humeral shaft and analysed the causes. l. Initial method of treatment was surgical in 19 out of 21 cases. Among these 19 cases, 14 cases were operated with internal fixation with plate and screw. 2. The most common cause of nonunion was inadequate internal fixation in 26 cases(81%) in which were unstable fixation in 13 cases, choice of inadequate internal fixator in 11 cases, and failure of operative technique in 2 cases. Other causes were distraction between fracture fragments in 4 cases(13%) and open comminuted fracture in 2 cases. 3. Eighteen cases of established nonunion due to inadequate internal fixation were treated by rigid fixation with longer and broader plate and bone graft, and 1 case interlocking IM nailing, 1 case Ender nailing and 1 case bone graft only. 4. Union was obtained in all cases at least in 5 months. And there were no specific complications. In conclusion, surgeons should contemplate the operative indication and principles in primary treatment. In treatment of nonunion, surgeons should treat by more longer and broder internal fixator and additional bone graft.
Fractures, Comminuted ; Humerus ; Internal Fixators ; Methods ; Surgeons ; Transplants

No abstract available.

Analyses were done on one hudred and twenty caaes of bleeding gastric ulcers diagnosed by emergency endoscopy for the past five years. The reaults are as the following: Much more cases were found in male than female and the most prevalent age group was 6th decade. The body of stomach along the lesser curvature was the most common bleeding site. No age related difference was noted in bleeding sites. Most common type of ulcer was in the round and shallow form. Five of six cases with exposed vessels showed atrophic changes in surrounding mucosa. Among the probable precipitating factors, analgesica, alcohols and certicosteroids were found in such order,
Alcohols ; Emergencies ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Hemorrhage* ; Humans ; Male ; Mucous Membrane ; Precipitating Factors ; Stomach ; Stomach Ulcer* ; Ulcer

No abstract available.
Cardiomyopathy, Dilated* ; Child* ; Humans

PUPPOSE: This study was performed to identify the factors which affected exercise and the perceived exercise behaviors in women according to Q-methodology and to provide basic strategies for health promotion of middle-aged women in Korea. METHOD: Q-methodology provides a scientific method for identifying perception structures that exist within certain individuals or groups. Thirty subjects in Seoul, Incheon, Chung-buk classified 35 selected Q-statements in to 9 points standard. The collected data was analyzed by using a QUANL pc program. RESULT: Principal component analysis identified 3 types of exercise behavior of middle-aged women in Korea and named by the researcher. They are called persistent activity preference type, living-exercise preference type, exercise mania type. In persistent activity preference type, the middle-aged women thought activity was very helpful to achieving health and releasing stress or fatigue. Also, they recognized the relationship between physical health and psychological health. In living- exercise preference type, the middle-aged women preferred maintaining stability or nonactivity to intended exercise or activity for health. In exercise mania type, the middle-aged women thought there was no other way to keep her health than to exercise. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study will provide the health care provider including nurse with useful information. It's very important to offer appropriate exercise intervention to the middle-aged women of each type by taking into consideration the characteristics of individual types.
Bipolar Disorder ; Fatigue ; Female ; Health Behavior ; Health Personnel ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Incheon ; Korea* ; Principal Component Analysis ; Seoul

A stomach cancer patient is reported, who presented with asterixis and dysarthria, after the administration of 5-fluorouracil derivatives, and progressed to a state of arnnesia and disorientation. At first impression was metastatic brain tumor however7 the result of a cerebrospinal fluid cytology for malignancy was negative, and magnetic resonance imaging study(MRI) revealed diffuse hyperintense lesion of the white matter, indicative of leukoencephalopathy. Upon discontinuing the drugs, patient recovered significantly.lly predominant muscle weakness from distal myopathy with rimmed vacuole formation While we present a young female.
Brain Neoplasms ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Distal Myopathies ; Dysarthria ; Dyskinesias ; Female ; Fluorouracil* ; Humans ; Leukoencephalopathies* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Muscle Weakness ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Vacuoles

In recent study, exercise hypertension is associated with a lower adjusted mortality rate and is likely to a good prognostic sign, although its clinical significance is uncertain. The purpose of this investigation was to study exercise hypertensive reaction and to search its related factors. From June. 1st to Aug. 31st 1996, 108 males, mean age 41.5years(range, 20~70) attended the exercise stress test as volunteers during checking-up of health & disease at Health Service Center of Kwang-ju Christian hospital. The exercise stress test using stationary leg bicycle was done until the examiner were exhausted, at which we measured peak exercise systolic blood pressure & Pulse rate. The results are shown as follows. Exercise hypertension was present in 22 subjects(20.0% ). Including age, body mass index, RPE scales at 70% maximal heart rate, rate of level of elevation of heart rate during exercise, no significant related factors associated with exercise hypertension was present by the discriminant analysis. Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that exercise-induced increase in systolic blood pressure was positively correlated with only resting systolic pressure(r=0.101, p less than 0.01). RPE(Rating of Perceived Exertion) scales was 18.05+/-1.31 when pulse rate of the examiner was reached to 70% of rnaximal heart rate(220-age (years) ). In conclusion, no significant related factor associated with exercise hypertension was presents, but exercise-induced increase of systolic blood pressure was positively correlated with only resting systolic pressure.
Blood Pressure ; Body Mass Index ; Exercise Test ; Gwangju ; Health Services ; Heart ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Hypertension* ; Leg ; Male ; Mortality ; Volunteers ; Weights and Measures

Neurofibromas are common benign tumors and can originate from any nerve tissue in the body. A solitary neurofibroma in breast parenchyma has rarely been reported, however. We report a neurofibroma originating from breast parenchyma in a 61-year old woman. On mammography, the mass appeared as a well marginated and circumscribed mass, suggesting a benign tumor, and after excisional biopsy, was pathologically proven to be a neurofibroma.
Biopsy ; Breast* ; Female ; Humans ; Mammography ; Middle Aged ; Nerve Tissue ; Neurofibroma*

PURPOSE: This study aimed at determining the detection rate of respiratory viruses and at investigating the risk factors associated with respiratory virus detection in young infants. METHODS: From September 2011 to August 2012, nasopharyngeal swabs were obtained from 227 infants aged < or =90 days with suspected infectious diseases, including sepsis. We performed a retrospective analysis of their clinical characteristics. The prevalence of respiratory viruses in their nasopharyngeal swabs was assayed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR). RESULTS: In total, 157 (69.2%) infants had more than one of the following respiratory viruses: respiratory syncytial virus (n=75), rhinovirus (n=42), influenza virus (n=18), parainfluenza virus (n=15), human metapneumovirus (n=9), coronavirus (n=9), adenovirus (n=4), and bocavirus (n=3). During the same period, bacterial infections were confirmed in 24 infants (10.6%). The detection of respiratory viruses was significantly associated with the presence of cough, a family history of respiratory illness, and a seasonal preference (fall/winter). Using logistic regression analysis, these 3 variables were also identified as significant risk factors. During fall and winter, detection of respiratory viruses was significantly higher in infants who did not have a bacterial infection. CONCLUSION: Respiratory virus is an important pathogen in young infants admitted to a hospital, who are suspected with infectious diseases. Detection of respiratory viruses in young infants was associated with seasonality (fall/winter), presence of respiratory symptoms and a family history of respiratory illness.
Adenoviridae ; Bacterial Infections ; Bocavirus ; Communicable Diseases ; Coronavirus ; Cough ; Humans ; Infant* ; Logistic Models ; Metapneumovirus ; Nasopharynx ; Orthomyxoviridae ; Paramyxoviridae Infections ; Prevalence ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Respiratory Syncytial Viruses ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; Retrospective Studies ; Rhinovirus ; Risk Factors* ; Seasons ; Sepsis ; Virus Diseases

OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to perform an effect size analysis of psychosocial interventions for internet addiction and to identify the intervention moderators applied to school-aged children. METHODS: For the meta-analysis, studies were included that were published in English or Korean until January 2015, without limitation in terms of the year. They were retrieved from 11 electronic databases and by manual searches according to predefined inclusion criteria. RESULTS: A total of 37 studies were selected, which included 11 treatment conditions and covered a total of 1,490 participants. The effect size estimates showed that psychosocial interventions had a large effect for reducing internet addiction (standardized mean difference [SMD], -1.19; 95% confidence interval [CI], -1.52 to -0.87) and improving self-control (SMD, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.11 to 0.47) and self-esteem (mean difference, 3.58; 95% CI, 2.03 to 5.12). The moderator analyses reveals that group treatments, a selective approach, a long duration, a community setting, or higher school grade had a larger effect. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this review suggest that psychosocial intervention may be used to prevent Internet addiction in school-aged children, although further research should be conducted using a randomized controlled trial design or diverse age groups to provide evidence-based recommendations.
Behavior, Addictive ; Child ; Humans ; Internet* ; Self-Control*