No abstract available.
Skin*

Primary meningeal melanocytoma of the central nervous system is extremely rare. We report a case of meningeal melanocytoma associated with Ota's nevus as a recurrent form in a 53-year old male. The meningeal melanocytoma was removed from right parietooccipital lobe 4 years ago and recurred in right parietal, occipital and left frontal lobes. Ultrastructurally, the tumor cells were characterized by the presence of numerous melanosomes and premelanosomes in their cytoplasm. Moreover, the tumor was lacking in histologic and ultrastructural features of pigmented meningioma, melanotic schwannoma and prolonged clinical course was different from primary meningeal melanoma or metastatic malignant melanoma.
Neoplasm Metastasis

BACKGROUND/AIMS: This study was aimed to examine if FB1 induced-hepatotoxicity involves apoptosis, and cholesteryl hemisuccinate (CS) pre-treatment would selectively interfere with FB1 induced-apoptosis of hepatocytes. METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats were intravenousely injected with FB1 (1.25 mg/kg/day) for two days, and were sacrificed at 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours after injection. Another experiment group was composed of rats with pretreatment of CS (100 mg/kg/day, i.p.) before FB1 injection. RESULTS: This study demonstrated that administration of hepatotoxic dose of FB1 to Sprague-Dawley rats resulted in liver injury leading to cell death by apoptosis. FB1-induced apoptosis was preceded by early elevation in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total cholesterol, and appearance of injured pre-apoptotic cells at 12 hours was followed by massive fragmentation and margination of heterochromatin at 24 hours. CS pre-treatment prior to FB1 injection ameliorated serum biochemistry and hepatic injury with apoptosis, demonstrated by histological, ultrastructural and TUNEL (terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-digoxigenin nick end labeling) methods. In addition, there was remarkable decrease in number of PCNA (proliferative cell nuclear antigen)-positive proliferating hepatocytes compared to that of FB1 treated group. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that apoptosis significantly contributes to FB1-induced hepatotoxicity in vivo, and pre-exposure of rat to CS prevents FB1-induced hepatic apoptosis and proliferation.
Alanine Transaminase ; Animals ; Apoptosis* ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; Biochemistry ; Cell Death ; Cholesterol ; Hepatocytes* ; Heterochromatin ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Liver* ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Adrenal pseudocysts are uncommon lesions which usually occur as a result of hemorrhage within the adrenal tissue. Adrenal hemorrhage is usually associated with severe stress, sepsis, pregnancy, syphilis, leukemia, or anticoagulant therapy but during steroid therapy, it is very rare. We report a case of adrenal pseudocyst that resulted from hemorrhage into the adrenal gland and is probably related to the exogenous administration of steroids. The patient was a 57-year-old woman who was treated with oradexon for 20 years for the treatment of a maculopapular lesion on her thigh as well as for arthritis. She underwent a right adrenalectomy due to the adrenal cystic mass. The wall of the cystic mass was composed of a thick layer of hyalinized fibrous tissue with remnants of adrenal cortical tissue on the outer aspect. The inner surface had no lining cells and the wall of the cyst contained many calcified plaques with hemosiderin pigment.
Pregnancy ; Female ; Humans ; Cysts

To investigate the morphologic evidence of acute renal failure by folate, histological, histochemical (PAS), enzyme histochemical (Na-K-ATPase, G6PD, and ALP), and ultrastructural studies were performed. The results are as follows: l) Oliguria was most severe 3 hours after folate and the urine volume was 24.8% that of the control group. 2) Histologically, dilatation of tubules, degeneration and focal necrosis of the cortical tubules, and PAS(+) droplets in the tubular lumen were noted. And also frequent mitoses, mild interstital connective tissue proliferation, and neutrophilic infiltrates were observed in the late stage. 3) On enzyme histochemical examination, the activities of Na-K-ATPase and ALP were decreased, but G6PD activity was increased in comparison with the control group. 4) The ultrastructural studies revealed cytoplasmic vacuoles, apical cytoplasmic blebbing, dense bodies, mildly swollen mitochondria, dilated endoplasmic reticulum, loss bf brush border of the proximal tubules, and loss of microvilli of the thin limb of Henle's loop. Later, marked attenuation or loss of infoldings of basal plasma membrane of the cortical tubules was recognized. According to above results, the cause of acute renal failure by late is thought to be the injuries of tubular epithelial cells including sodium pump secondary to tubular obstruction.
Rats ; Animals

Lymphocytic hypophysitis is an autoimmune disorder of the pituitary gland which usually occurs in a woman in the postpartum period. Diabetes insipidus is not a major clinical feature of this disorder. We report a case of a 22-year-old man with lymphocytic hypophysitis which presented with diabetes insipidus and also involved his cavernous sinus. This represents the seventh reported and the youngest case of a man with lymphocytic hypophysitis. A comparative study of all six male patients is also presented. We suggest diabetes insipidus should be added to the spectrum of clinical manifestations of this disorder.
Female ; Male ; Humans

Eccrine spiradenomas are clinically characterized by a solitary, tender mass and they are situated on the upper parts of the body, predominantly on the ventral aspect. We herein report two cases of eccrine spiradenoma in 35-year-old man and 53-year-old woman, which located on upper extremity and inguinal region. The masses are round, well circumscribed and measuring 0.7x0.5x0.5 cm, 5x4.5x3 cm in size, respectively. Histopathologically, the tumor consists of masses of two types of cells, intensely staining cells and pale staining cells, usually arranged in chains, cords and pseudoglands. Immunostainings for low molecular cytokeratin, high molecular cytokeratin, carcinoembryonic antigen, and S-100 protein show positivity in neoplastic cells. Electron microscopically, the tumor was composed of three types of cells, i. e. 1) round or ovoid tumor cells in shape with scanty cytoplasm and poorly developed intracytoplasmic orgenelles, 2) spindle shaped dark cells interconnected by desmosomes, 3) large epithelial cells with abundant cytoplasm and cytoplasmic intermediate filaments which formed glandular structures. The large epithelial cells joint each other by desmosomal attachments and luminal cells featured small numbers of microvilli, but either secretory granules nor ductal type granules were noticed.
Female ; Male ; Humans

Histologic, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies were performed on 6 cases of undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma to study the histogenesis of the undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma, to determine the most useful markers for diagnosing these tumors and to investigate the nature of osteoclast-like giant cells rarely observed in these tumors. For the immuno-histochemical study, a panel of antibodies to epithelial (cocktailed keratin, low molecular weight keratin, CEA), mesenchymal(vimentin, desmin, actin, FVIIIRAg) endocrine(calcitonin, chromogranin), lymphocytic(LCA), histiocytic(alpha-l-ACT, alpha-1-AT, lysozyme, CD68), and Schwann cell(S-100 protein) markers were used. The following results were obtained; 1) Well differentiated carcinoma was associated with 2 cases of spindle cell type and 1 case of giant cell type of undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma and a transitional zone between the well differentiated and undifferentiated lesions was observed. 2) All of the examined cases expressed keratin, and 3 tumors expressed CEA. 3) All the mesenchymal markers, LCA, S-100 protein, calcitonin, and chromogranin were not expressed. Vimentin was coexpressed with keratin in 4 cases. 4) Osteoclast-like giant cells were observed in 1 case of spindle cell type. They expressed CD68 but not keratin. 5) Ultrastructural study revealed the desmosomes between the tumor cells and non-neoplastic, follicular, thyroid epithelial cells. The above results indicate that undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma originates from follicular epithelial cell, keratin is the most useful marker for diagnosis of this tumor, and the osteoclast-like giant cells are histiocytic in nature and reactive, rather than neoplastic.

For the estimation of the proliferative activity, related to the biologic behaviour, malignant potential, and prognosis, of human thyroid tumors, PCNA(proliferating cell nuclear antigen) immunohistochemical staining was performed on paraffin-embedded sections of 9 normal thyroid tissues, 9 adenomatous goiters, 9 follicular adenomas, 4 Hurthle cell tumors, 12 papillary carcinomas, 4 follicular carcinomas, and 3 anaplastic carcinomas. The results were as follows: 1) The PCNA labeling indices in adenomatous goiter, follicular adenoma, and Hurthle cell tumor were 1.1, 1.5, and 2.4, respectively. They were significantly higher than the labeling index in normal thyroid. 2) The PCNA labeling indices in papillary carcinoma and follicular carcinoma were 3.5 and 4.4, respectively. They were significantly higher than the labeling indices in adenomatous goiter and follicular adenoma, but there was no significant difference between papillary and follicular carcinoma. 3) The PCNA labeling index in anaplastic carcinoma, 14.1, was significantly higher than those in benign and other malignant tumors. According to the results, the PCNA labeling index was well correlated with the malignant potential of a tumor. So the PCNA immunohistochemical staining is thought to be a useful method for the evaluation of the malignant potential and prognosis of a tumor.
Humans

PURPOSE: Chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS) is treated by use of various protocols. We compared tamsulosin monotherapy with tamsulosin in combination with antibiotics or anti-inflammatory agents and evaluated the efficacy of these treatments in patients with CPPS. METHODS: Patients (n=107) who were younger than 55 years and diagnosed with CPPS were randomly assigned to treatment with tamsulosin at 0.2 mg (group A), tamsulosin at 0.2 mg plus anti-inflammatory drugs (group B) or tamsulosin at 0.2 mg plus antibiotics (group C) daily. We applied the National Institutes of Health-Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI) and the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) to evaluate 100 patients who were treated for 12 weeks (7 withdrew). Scores of the three groups were compared by analysis of variance and we also evaluated subscores, which included pain, voiding and quality of life (QoL). RESULTS: All three groups showed statistically significant decreases in NIH-CPSI score, IPSS and subscore scores (P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between the groups except for the QoL domain of the IPSS (group A vs. C; P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Tamsulosin monotherapy for 12 weeks was effective for treating patients with CPPS, compared with combination therapy with antibiotics or anti-inflammatory drugs.
Academies and Institutes ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; Humans ; Pelvic Pain ; Prostate ; Prostatitis ; Quality of Life ; Sulfonamides