Objective To investigate whether the presence of infection in a case series with coma would predict sepsis associated encephalopathy(SAE).Methods From Jan 2013 to Oct 2014,we used the criteria of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS)positive sepsis with encephalopathy and retrospective diagnosed a comatose case series with infection and from a tertiary teaching hospital intensive care unit (ICU).Results Among 6 comatose patients with evidence of infection,3 cases were secondary infection after hemorrhagic stroke,1 case was secondary infection after trauma,and the other 2 cases were primary infection.All patients met the diagnosis of SIRS -positive sepsis with encephalopathy.Among them,the presence of SIRS 3 criteria was in 2 cases,four criteria in 4 cases. All patients with severe brain failure (100%),in addition to 5 cases with acute respiratory failure caused by lung injury,one case with acute liver failure.Brain imaging confirmed that the delayed vasogenic edema was in two cases (33.3%),the cerebral ischemic lesions in four cases(66.7%).The ischemic lesion included 1 patient with minor infarcts and 1 case with mild white matter lesions,and with a good prognosis.The other two ischemic cases included multifocal leukoencephalopathy with central pontine myelinolysis in 1 case and extensive white matter lesions in 1 case,eventually with a poor prognosis.Conclusion SAE is a common critically illness,the use of the new classifi-cation criteria of sepsis is helpful in the diagnosis of sepsis associated encephalopathy.

OBJECTIVE：To compare the methods for the con tent determination of polysaccharide and reducing sugar in Polygonatum cyrtonema， and to optimize the wine-steaming technology of P. cyrtonema . METHODS ： The contents of polysaccharide in P. cyrtonema were determined by anthrone-sulfuric acid method and phenol-sulfuric acid method. The contents of reducing sugar in P. cyrtonema were determined by anthrone-sulfuric acid method ， phenol-sulfuric acid method and 3， 5-dinitrosalicylic acid （DNS）method，respectively. Taking appearance and property scores of processed products ，the contents of polysaccharide，reducing sugar and total sugar as indicators ，the amount of alcohol added ，steaming time and moistening time as factors，the wine-steaming technology of P. cyrtonema was optimized by Latin square design. The contents of polysaccharide ， reducing sugar and total sugar were compared before and after steaming. RESULTS ：The linear ranges of polysaccharide and reducing sugar obtained by anthrone-sulfuric acid method were both 0.006 6-0.033 mg/mL（R2＝0.999 9）. RSDs of precision ， stability（90 min）and reproducibility tests were all lower than 3％ and 2％，respectively. Average recoveries were 99.75％（RSD＝ 0.48％，n＝6）and 103.40％（RSD＝1.25％，n＝6），respectively. The linear ranges of polysaccharide and reducing sugar obtained by phenol-sulfuric acid method were both 0.002 5-0.025 mg/mL（R2＝0.999 2）. RSDs of precision ，stability （90 min） and reproducibility tests were all lower than 5％ and 6％，respectively. Average recoveries were 112.80％（RSD＝2.36％，n＝6）and 99.20％（RSD＝3.47％，n＝6）. The linear range of reducing sugar obtained by DNS method was 0.01-0.18 mg/mL（R2＝0.999 9）. RSDs of precision ，stability（90 min）and reproducibility tests were all lower than 2％. Average recoveries was 96.95％（RSD＝ 1.19％，n＝6）. The optimal wine-steaming technology of P. cyrtonema included the amount of alcohol added of 20％，moistening time of 2 h and steaming time of 7 h. RSDs of average contents of polysaccharide ，reducing sugar and total sugar in wine-steamed products were all lower than 3％ in 3 times of validation tests （n＝3）. The average contents of polysaccharide ，reducing sugar and total sugar in 4 batches of P. cyrtonema were 16.3％，11.2％ and 27.4％；those of 4 batches of wine-steamed products were 3.4％， 61.0％ and 64.4％，respectively. CONCLUSIONS ：The anthrone- ） sulfuric acid method is the best for the determination of poly- saccharide in P. cyrtonema ；DNS method is the best for the pandongmei1228@126.com determination of reducing sugar in P. cyrtonema. The content ofpolysaccharide in wine-steamed products is decreased signifi- cantly，while the contents of reducing sugar and total sugar are increased significantly.

Programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) is a RNA-binding protein that acts as a tumor suppressor in many cancer types, including colorectal cancer (CRC). During CRC carcinogenesis, PDCD4 protein levels remarkably decrease, but the underlying molecular mechanism for decreased PDCD4 expression is not fully understood. In this study, we performed bioinformatics analysis to identify miRNAs that potentially target PDCD4. We demonstrated miR-181b as a direct regulator of PDCD4. We further showed that activation of IL6/STAT3 signaling pathway increased miR-181b expression and consequently resulted in downregulation of PDCD4 in CRC cells. In addition, we investigated the biological effects of PDCD4 inhibition by miR-181b both in vitro and in vivo and found that miR-181b could promote cell proliferation and migration and suppress apoptosis in CRC cells and accelerate tumor growth in xenograft mice, potentially through targeting PDCD4. Taken together, this study highlights an oncomiR role for miR-181b in regulating PDCD4 in CRC and suggests that miR-181b may be a novel molecular therapeutic target for CRC.
Animals ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Caco-2 Cells ; Cell Proliferation ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Heterografts ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Mice, SCID ; MicroRNAs ; genetics ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; RNA, Neoplasm ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism