Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the trajectories of depressive symptoms and the predictive factors that determine the trajectories among elderly cancer survivors in South Korea. Methods: This study was a secondary data analysis using the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLoSA). The inclusion criteria were adults who were aged 65 years or older, diagnosed with cancer, and participated in the panel survey at least three times. Data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 and STATA 16.0 for Group-Based Trajectory Model. Results: This study comprised 197 participants. Depression trajectories were derived into the three groups of ‘nondepression,’ ‘mild depression,’ and ‘depression.’ As a result of multinomial logit analysis using ‘mild depression’ as a reference group, the significant predictors that differentiated the ‘non-depression’ and ‘mild depression’ groups was whether the subject was living alone or not (p=.001). Conclusion To prevent and manage depression among the elderly cancer survivors living alone, it is necessary to first identify the social support resources from a cancer diagnosis. In addition, a social foundation should be established to enable elderly cancer survivors to utilize the supporting resources. Further studies should be conducted considering disease-specific variables such as types of cancers, stages of cancer, and treatment methods.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the trajectories of depressive symptoms and the predictive factors that determine the trajectories among elderly cancer survivors in South Korea. Methods: This study was a secondary data analysis using the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLoSA). The inclusion criteria were adults who were aged 65 years or older, diagnosed with cancer, and participated in the panel survey at least three times. Data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 and STATA 16.0 for Group-Based Trajectory Model. Results: This study comprised 197 participants. Depression trajectories were derived into the three groups of ‘nondepression,’ ‘mild depression,’ and ‘depression.’ As a result of multinomial logit analysis using ‘mild depression’ as a reference group, the significant predictors that differentiated the ‘non-depression’ and ‘mild depression’ groups was whether the subject was living alone or not (p=.001). Conclusion To prevent and manage depression among the elderly cancer survivors living alone, it is necessary to first identify the social support resources from a cancer diagnosis. In addition, a social foundation should be established to enable elderly cancer survivors to utilize the supporting resources. Further studies should be conducted considering disease-specific variables such as types of cancers, stages of cancer, and treatment methods.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of non-pharmacological interventions (NPIs) on depression among patients with lung cancer. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted focusing on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-experimental studies. A literature search was performed through PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, and five Korean databases in November 2020. Data were analyzed using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Ver. 3.0 and Review Manager Ver. 5.4 programs. Results: A total of 37 studies, including 25 RCTs and 12 quasi-experimental studies, were identified; 27 studies reported data suitable for meta-analysis. In meta-analysis, the overall effect sizes for NPIs of RCTs and quasi-experimental studies were −0.61 (95% confidence interval (CI): −0.90, −0.31) and −0.40 (95% CI: −0.59, −0.21), respectively. Among the types of NPI in RCTs, the effect size of psychological therapy was the largest with −0.68 (95% CI: −1.13, −0.23). In addition, information & communication technology (ICT) had a larger effect size of −0.68 (95% CI: −1.13, −0.23), compared to face-to-face intervention. Conclusion NPIs may have a significant effect in reducing depressive symptoms in patients with lung cancer. It is suggested that further studies develop and apply structured NPIs considering intervention components such as type and mode of ICT delivery.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of non-pharmacological interventions (NPIs) on depression among patients with lung cancer. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted focusing on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-experimental studies. A literature search was performed through PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, and five Korean databases in November 2020. Data were analyzed using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Ver. 3.0 and Review Manager Ver. 5.4 programs. Results: A total of 37 studies, including 25 RCTs and 12 quasi-experimental studies, were identified; 27 studies reported data suitable for meta-analysis. In meta-analysis, the overall effect sizes for NPIs of RCTs and quasi-experimental studies were −0.61 (95% confidence interval (CI): −0.90, −0.31) and −0.40 (95% CI: −0.59, −0.21), respectively. Among the types of NPI in RCTs, the effect size of psychological therapy was the largest with −0.68 (95% CI: −1.13, −0.23). In addition, information & communication technology (ICT) had a larger effect size of −0.68 (95% CI: −1.13, −0.23), compared to face-to-face intervention. Conclusion NPIs may have a significant effect in reducing depressive symptoms in patients with lung cancer. It is suggested that further studies develop and apply structured NPIs considering intervention components such as type and mode of ICT delivery.

Background: Treatment for lung cancer, which has high incidence and mortality rates, involves lung resection; however, the risk of postoperative pulmonary complications is high. Early walking exercise is a core strategy for preventing complications and promoting postoperative recovery, which is essential for returning to everyday life. This study aims to identify the factors associated with the postoperative recovery of patients who performed walking exercises in an intensive care unit after having a lung resection. Methods: This cross-sectional study collected data from 90 patients on the day before discharge at a tertiary hospital in Seoul between April and June 2019. Patients’ postoperative recovery was measured using the Postoperative Recovery Profile. Results: The mean score for postoperative recovery was 0.70±0.41 out of 3, 0 being none of the problems. Among the five subcategories, the psychological dimension had the highest recovery level at 0.57±0.58, while physical symptoms were rated lowest at 0.89±0.50. As a result of regression analysis, employment status (β=4.353, P=0.005), symptoms of nausea and vomiting during walking (β=0.596, P=0.043), and perceived exertion during walking (β=1.105, P=0.007) were associated with postoperative recovery. Conclusions The study indicated unemployed patients, those with more nausea and vomiting, and those who perceived severe exertion during walking showed lower perceived postoperative recovery levels. Not only multidisciplinary, patient-tailored interventions to facilitate return to work after surgery but also interventions to control physical symptoms actively should be developed and implemented to achieve higher postoperative recovery levels. Patients also need to exercise at an appropriate subjective level of perceived exertion.

Premature ovarian failure (POF) is a condition in which the ovarian functions of hormone production and oocyte development become impaired before the typical age for menopause. POF and early menopause are present in a broad spectrum of gonad dysgenesis, from a complete cessation of ovarian function to an intermittent follicle maturation failure. Actually POF has been identified as a genetic entity (especially chromosome X), but data on genetic factors of premature menopause are limited. Until now, several cases revealed that inactivation of X chromosomes has an effect on ages of premature menopause and females with balanced or unbalanced X-autosome translocations can have several reproductive problems. On the other hand, there have been a few data that was caused by autosome-autosome translocation can lead. Therefore we report a relevant case of POF with translocation between chromosomes 1 and 4. She had her first menstrual period at the age of 12, and after 7 years she stopped menstruation. Chromosomal analysis showed 46, XX, t (1;4) (p22.3;q31.3). While evaluating this rare case, we could review various causes (especially genetic factors) of POF. To remind clinicians about this disease, we report a case of POF caused by autosome-autosome translocation with a literature review.
Female ; Gonads ; Hand ; Humans ; Menopause ; Menopause, Premature* ; Menstruation ; Oocytes ; Primary Ovarian Insufficiency ; X Chromosome

Most of salivary tumors are benign in nature and are typically diagnosed and classified based on their histopathological presentation. Basal cell adenoma of the salivary glands is a rare, benign disease accounting for 1% to 3% of salivary gland tumors. Despite its low incidence, basal cell adenoma is the third most common benign tumor of the salivary gland after pleomorphic adenoma and Warthin’s tumor. It usually appears as a firm and slow-growing mass. Due to the prognosis, differential diagnosis with basal cell adenocarcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma and basaloid squamous cell carcinoma is required. In this report, we present two cases; a 62-year-old woman who presented with an asymptomatic, and slow-growing mass and a 64-year-old woman with a static-sized mass in the parotid gland. In both cases, the mass was completely excised, postoperative pathology reports confirmed the diagnosis of basal cell adenoma. We also review the literature and discuss this rare entity.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the prevalence of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) of perimenopausal women at a university hospital along with their menstrual characters. METHODS: A questionnaire survey regarding premenstrual symptoms was carried out in 100 perimenopausal women (43 to 53, years). The pattern of menstruation and, the intensity of dysmenorrhea were assessed; and further, the symptoms were classified according to their number, intensity, and persistence. The PMS criteria of American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology (ACOG) and PMDD criteria by American Psychiatric Association (APA) were evaluated. RESULTS: The approximate prevalence of PMS criteria was 95% and that of PMDD criteria was 23%. The most dominant symptoms were 'breast tenderness', 'abdominal bloating', 'and headache'. PMDD was significantly associated with the severity of dysmenorrhea (P = 0.020). There was no significant relation with age, height, weight, body mass index and the cycle of menstruation. CONCLUSION: Most women experience PMS and PMDD, which and have a significant impact on the activity of perimenopause women. However in most women that do not know well about PMS and PMDD. We should educate and inform women of PMS and PMDD, thus helping them increase their quality of life.
Body Weight ; Dysmenorrhea ; Female ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Menstruation ; Obstetrics ; Perimenopause ; Premenstrual Syndrome* ; Prevalence ; Quality of Life ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Severity of Illness Index