1.Chronic Intractable Dizziness and Hearing Loss in Patient with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus as a Sign of Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma
Ha-rin YANG ; Sung Ho JO ; Yangmi PARK ; Yeseul KIM ; Ji Young LEE ; Young-Jun LEE ; Hyun Young KIM
Journal of the Korean Neurological Association 2020;38(3):234-236
2.Comparison of three types of analyzers for urine protein-tocreatinine ratios in dogs
Sumin JI ; Yeseul YANG ; Yeji JEONG ; Sung-Hyun HWANG ; Myung-Chul KIM ; Yongbaek KIM
Journal of Veterinary Science 2021;22(1):e14-
Background:
Quantitation of urine protein is important in dogs with chronic kidney disease.Various analyzers are used to measure urine protein-to-creatinine ratios (UPCR).
Objectives:
This study aimed to compare the UPCR obtained by three types of analyzers (automated wet chemistry analyzer, in-house dry chemistry analyzer, and dipstick reading device) and investigate whether the differences could affect clinical decision process.
Methods:
Urine samples were collected from 115 dogs. UPCR values were obtained using three analyzers. Bland-Altman and Passing Bablok tests were used to analyze agreement between the UPCR values. Urine samples were classified as normal or proteinuria based on the UPCR values obtained by each analyzer and concordance in the classification evaluated with Cohen's kappa coefficient.
Results:
Passing and Bablok regression showed that there were proportional as well as constant difference between UPCR values obtained by a dipstick reading device and those obtained by the other analyzers. The concordance in the classification of proteinuria was very high (κ = 0.82) between the automated wet chemistry analyzer and in-house dry chemistry analyzer, while the dipstick reading device showed moderate concordance with the automated wet chemistry analyzer (κ = 0.52) and in-house dry chemistry analyzer (κ = 0.53).
Conclusions
Although the urine dipstick test is simple and a widely used point-of-care test, our results indicate that UPCR values obtained by the dipstick test are not appropriate for clinical use. Inter-instrumental variability may affect clinical decision process based on UPCR values and should be emphasized in veterinary practice.
3.Investigation of symmetric Clinical Pathology dimethylarginine as a serologic marker for kidney function in striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis)
Eun JUNG ; Soong-Hee YOUN ; Ki-Yong SHIN ; Hyeon-Joo SHIN ; Joon-Young YANG ; Yeseul YANG ; Jae-Ha JUNG ; Yongbaek KIM
Journal of Veterinary Science 2024;25(4):e52-
Objective:
This study aimed to assess the utility of symmetric dimethylarginine as a biomarker for kidney disease in captive striped skunks in Korea.
Methods:
This retrospective study analysed 11 striped skunks housed at the Everland Zoo between 2017 and 2021. Blood samples were collected during health checks. Kidney function was assessed through blood analysis and diagnostic ultrasound, with necropsies conducted on deceased animals. Symmetric dimethylarginine levels were measured in 27 plasma samples collected from 11 skunks.
Results:
Over the study period, seven skunks were diagnosed with kidney disease. Analysis of 27 blood samples revealed a concurrent increase in SDMA levels with concentrations of blood urea nitrogen and blood creatinine. In 3 of the 7 skunks with kidney disease, symmetric dimethylarginine exceeded 14 µg/dL prior to the elevation of blood urea nitrogen and blood creatinine above the upper reference limit.
Conclusions
and Relevance: To our knowledge, this is the first study investigating symmetric dimethylarginine in captive striped skunks in Korea. Our findings suggest that symmetric dimethylarginine may serve as an early and consistent biomarker for renal dysfunction in striped skunks. Further studies with larger clinical sample size from striped skunks are needed to validate the clinical utility of blood symmetric dimethylarginine concentration.
4.Comparison of rapid screening immunoassay and intradermal test for canine atopic dermatitis.
Yeseul LEE ; Ji Houn KANG ; Dong In JUNG ; Young Bae JIN ; Sang Rae LEE ; Mhan Pyo YANG ; Byeong Teck KANG
Journal of Biomedical Research 2015;16(3):115-120
The intradermal test (IDT) has been developed for confirming diagnosis of canine atopic dermatitis (CAD). Prior to performing IDT, rapid immunoassay (Allercept E-screen 2nd generation; ES2G) can detect allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies in canine serum. The objective of this study was to evaluate agreement between IDT and immunoassay in diagnosis of CAD in domestic atopic dogs. Forty dogs were diagnosed with CAD in accordance with Favrot's criteria. Intradermal testing was performed using 39 selected allergens. ES2G detected IgE antibodies specific for three allergen groups, including indoor allergens, grasses and weeds, and trees. Among 19 dogs diagnosed by IDT, the highest positivity was observed in house dust mites, followed by molds, epidermis and inhalants, house dust, and weeds. A total of 28 atopic dogs were evaluated by rapid ES2G immunoassay. Indoor allergens showed the strongest positive reaction, followed by grasses/weeds and trees. IDT and ES2G were performed concurrently in 17 dogs. The results of ES2G showed slight agreement with those of IDT. Level of agreement was highest for indoor allergens, which showed a predictive positive value of 100% in ES2G. These results indicate that a rapid immunoassay may be valuable for predicting the results of IDT in atopic dogs sensitized to indoor allergens.
Allergens
;
Animals
;
Antibodies
;
Dermatitis, Atopic*
;
Diagnosis
;
Dogs
;
Dust
;
Epidermis
;
Fungi
;
Immunoassay*
;
Immunoglobulin E
;
Immunoglobulins
;
Intradermal Tests*
;
Mass Screening*
;
Poaceae
;
Pyroglyphidae
;
Trees
5.Metastatic intestinal adenocarcinoma with osseous metaplasia in two Domestic Korean Shorthair cats
Jae-Ha JUNG ; Na-Yon KIM ; Yeseul YANG ; Dansong SEO ; Goeun CHOI ; Hyunki HONG ; Taeseong MOON ; Hyeong-Mok KIM ; Jihee HAN ; Jihee HONG ; Yongbaek KIM
Journal of Veterinary Science 2023;24(5):e64-
Two Domestic Korean Shorthair cats presented with dyschezia and vomiting. Computed tomography revealed a colonic mass with calcification and lymph node metastasis in case 1, and a small intestinal mass with disseminated mesenteric metastasis and calcification in case 2. Histopathology revealed intestinal adenocarcinoma with osseous metaplasia. Case 1 died two months after surgery from distant metastasis; and case 2 showed no metastasis for five months but presented with anorexia, euthanized seven months after diagnosis. Metastatic intestinal adenocarcinoma with bone formation should be considered as differential diagnosis for calcification on imaging, and lymph node metastasis at diagnosis may indicate poor prognosis.
6.Expression of the VP2 protein of feline panleukopenia virus in insect cells and use thereof in a hemagglutination inhibition assay
Dong-Kun YANG ; Yeseul PARK ; Yu-Ri PARK ; Jae Young YOO ; Sungjun AN ; Jungwon PARK ; Bang-Hun HYUN
Korean Journal of Veterinary Research 2021;61(2):e19-
Feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) causes leukopenia and severe hemorrhagic diarrhea, killing 50% of naturally infected cats. Although intact FPV can serve as an antigen in the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test, accidental laboratory-mediated infection a concern. A non-infectious diagnostic reagent is required for the HI test. Here, we expressed the viral protein 2 (VP2) gene of the FPV strain currently prevalent in South Korea in a baculovirus expression system; VP2 protein was identified by an indirect immunofluorescence assay, electron microscopy (EM), Western blotting (WB), and a hemagglutination assay (HA). EM showed that the recombinant VP2 protein self-assembled to form virus-like particles. WB revealed that the recombinant VP2 was 65 kDa in size. The HA activity of the recombinant VP2 protein was very high at 1:215. A total of 143 cat serum samples were tested using FPV (HI-FPV test) and the recombinant VP2 protein (HI-VP2 test) as HI antigens. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the HI-VP2 test were 99.3%, 88.9%, and 99.3%, respectively, compared to the HI-FPV test. The HI-VP2 and HI-FPV results correlated significantly (r = 0.978). Thus, recombinant VP2 can substitute for intact FPV as the serological diagnostic reagent of the HI test for FPV.
7.Isolation and identification of mammalian orthoreovirus type 3 from a Korean roe deer (Capreolus pygargus)
Dong-Kun YANG ; Sungjun AN ; Yeseul PARK ; Jae Young YOO ; Yu-Ri PARK ; Jungwon PARK ; Jong-Taek KIM ; Sangjin AHN ; Bang-Hun HYUN
Korean Journal of Veterinary Research 2021;61(2):e13-
Mammalian reovirus (MRV) causes respiratory and intestinal disease in mammals. Although MRV isolates have been reported to circulate in several animals, there are no reports on Korean MRV isolates from wildlife. We investigated the biological and molecular characteristics of Korean MRV isolates based on the nucleotide sequence of the segment 1 gene. In total, 144 swabs from wild animals were prepared for virus isolation. Based on virus isolation with specific cytopathic effects, indirect fluorescence assays, electron microscopy, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, one isolate was confirmed to be MRV. The isolate exhibited a hemagglutination activity level of 16 units with pig erythrocytes and had a maximum viral titer of 105.7 50% tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50)/mL in Vero cells at 5 days after inoculation. The nucleotide and amino-acid sequences of the partial segment S1 of the MReo2045 isolate were determined and compared with those of other MRV strains. The MReo2045 isolate had nucleotide sequences similar to MRV-3 and was most similar (96.1%) to the T3/Bat/Germany/342/08 strain, which was isolated in Germany in 2008. The MReo2045 isolate will be useful as an antigen for sero-epidemiological studies and developing diagnostic tools.
8.Generation of a recombinant rabies virus expressing green fluorescent protein for a virus neutralization antibody assay
Dong-Kun YANG ; Ha-Hyun KIM ; Yu-Ri PARK ; Jae Young YOO ; Yeseul PARK ; Jungwon PARK ; Bang-Hun HYUN
Journal of Veterinary Science 2021;22(4):e56-
Background:
Fluorescent antibody virus neutralization (FAVN) test is a standard assay for quantifying rabies virus-neutralizing antibody (VNA) in serum. However, a safer rabies virus (RABV) should be used in the FAVN assay. There is a need for a new method that is economical and time-saving by eliminating the immunostaining step.
Objectives:
We aimed to improve the traditional FAVN method by rescuing and characterizing a new recombinant RABV expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP).
Methods:
A new recombinant RABV expressing GFP designated as ERAGS-GFP was rescued using a reverse genetic system. Immuno-fluorescence assay, peroxidase-linked assay, electron microscopy and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction were performed to confirm the recombinant ERAGS-GFP virus as a RABV expressing the GFP gene. The safety of ERAGS-GFP was evaluated in 4-week-old mice. The rabies VNA titers were measured and compared with conventional FAVN and FAVN-GFP tests using VERO cells.
Results:
The virus propagated in VERO cells was confirmed as RABV expressing GFP.The ERAGS-GFP showed the highest titer (108.0TCID50/mL) in VERO cells at 5 days postinoculation, and GFP expression persisted until passage 30. The body weight of 4-week-old mice inoculated intracranially with ERAGS-GFP continued to increase and the survival rate was 100%. In 62 dog sera, the FAVN-GFP result was significantly correlated with that of conventional FAVN (r = 0.95).
Conclusions
We constructed ERAGS-GFP, which could replace the challenge virus standard-11 strain used in FAVN test.
9.Expression of the VP2 protein of feline panleukopenia virus in insect cells and use thereof in a hemagglutination inhibition assay
Dong-Kun YANG ; Yeseul PARK ; Yu-Ri PARK ; Jae Young YOO ; Sungjun AN ; Jungwon PARK ; Bang-Hun HYUN
Korean Journal of Veterinary Research 2021;61(2):e19-
Feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) causes leukopenia and severe hemorrhagic diarrhea, killing 50% of naturally infected cats. Although intact FPV can serve as an antigen in the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test, accidental laboratory-mediated infection a concern. A non-infectious diagnostic reagent is required for the HI test. Here, we expressed the viral protein 2 (VP2) gene of the FPV strain currently prevalent in South Korea in a baculovirus expression system; VP2 protein was identified by an indirect immunofluorescence assay, electron microscopy (EM), Western blotting (WB), and a hemagglutination assay (HA). EM showed that the recombinant VP2 protein self-assembled to form virus-like particles. WB revealed that the recombinant VP2 was 65 kDa in size. The HA activity of the recombinant VP2 protein was very high at 1:215. A total of 143 cat serum samples were tested using FPV (HI-FPV test) and the recombinant VP2 protein (HI-VP2 test) as HI antigens. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the HI-VP2 test were 99.3%, 88.9%, and 99.3%, respectively, compared to the HI-FPV test. The HI-VP2 and HI-FPV results correlated significantly (r = 0.978). Thus, recombinant VP2 can substitute for intact FPV as the serological diagnostic reagent of the HI test for FPV.
10.Isolation and identification of mammalian orthoreovirus type 3 from a Korean roe deer (Capreolus pygargus)
Dong-Kun YANG ; Sungjun AN ; Yeseul PARK ; Jae Young YOO ; Yu-Ri PARK ; Jungwon PARK ; Jong-Taek KIM ; Sangjin AHN ; Bang-Hun HYUN
Korean Journal of Veterinary Research 2021;61(2):e13-
Mammalian reovirus (MRV) causes respiratory and intestinal disease in mammals. Although MRV isolates have been reported to circulate in several animals, there are no reports on Korean MRV isolates from wildlife. We investigated the biological and molecular characteristics of Korean MRV isolates based on the nucleotide sequence of the segment 1 gene. In total, 144 swabs from wild animals were prepared for virus isolation. Based on virus isolation with specific cytopathic effects, indirect fluorescence assays, electron microscopy, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, one isolate was confirmed to be MRV. The isolate exhibited a hemagglutination activity level of 16 units with pig erythrocytes and had a maximum viral titer of 105.7 50% tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50)/mL in Vero cells at 5 days after inoculation. The nucleotide and amino-acid sequences of the partial segment S1 of the MReo2045 isolate were determined and compared with those of other MRV strains. The MReo2045 isolate had nucleotide sequences similar to MRV-3 and was most similar (96.1%) to the T3/Bat/Germany/342/08 strain, which was isolated in Germany in 2008. The MReo2045 isolate will be useful as an antigen for sero-epidemiological studies and developing diagnostic tools.