Congenital esotopia is a constant esodeviation with a documented onset within the first six months of life, stably large angle and normal central nervous system. We examined 24 congenital esotropic patients with brain CT, electroencephalogram and the general developmental status. The rates of abnormal findings on brain CT were 8.3% and on electroencephalogram it were 33.3%. Four cases(l6.7%) of mild developmental delay and 2 cases(8.3%) of severe developmental delay were found pediatric consultation.
Brain ; Central Nervous System ; Electroencephalography ; Esotropia* ; Humans

Congenital esotopia is a constant esodeviation with a documented onset within the first six months of life, stably large angle and normal central nervous system. We examined 24 congenital esotropic patients with brain CT, electroencephalogram and the general developmental status. The rates of abnormal findings on brain CT were 8.3% and on electroencephalogram it were 33.3%. Four cases(l6.7%) of mild developmental delay and 2 cases(8.3%) of severe developmental delay were found pediatric consultation.
Brain ; Central Nervous System ; Electroencephalography ; Esotropia* ; Humans

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of short-term application of mitomycin C and releasable scleral flap sutures. METHODS: The clinical outcome and complications were evaluated in 62 eyes undergone glaucoma triple procedure(Group A: with mitomycin C and releasable suture, Group B: with mitomycin C only, Group C: with releasable suture only, Group D: without mitomycin C and releasable suture). RESULTS: The mean postoperative intraocular pressure was relatively lower in group A and B than that of group C and D(p=0.868). The most common complication was posterior capsular opacity, and other complications were cystoid macular edema, hypotony, choroidal detachment and bleb leakage. CONCLUSIONS: The glaucoma triple procedure using mitomycin C and releasable suture could be recommended to be safe and effective on controlling the early postoperative and long-term intraocular pressure for treating the patients with coexisting cataract and glaucoma, and the use of releasable suture could lower the incidence of postoperative complications such as hypotony.
Blister ; Cataract ; Choroid ; Glaucoma* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intraocular Pressure ; Macular Edema ; Mitomycin* ; Postoperative Complications ; Sutures*

The effect of improving hypercholesterolemia on non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy have been evaluated in 18 patients, 34 eyes, with noninsulindependent diabetes mellitus. The patient group took 20mg of lovastatin daily for one month and after then 40mg of lovastatin daily for two months. The control group, 14 eyes, took placebo for 3 months. After follow-up of 6 months, the serum cholesterol concentration was decreased by 21% (from 301.35 +/- 38.48 to 232.97 +/- 19.73mg/dl). The visual contrast sensitivity funtion was improved significantly on the statistics (p=0.005) as compared with the control group. The corrected visual acuity was improved in 11 eyes(32.4%) and retinal lesion was decreased in 10 eyes (29.4%). But they were statistically insignificant. This result suggests lowering the serum cholesterol may make a positive effect on non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy of noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus with hypercholesterolemia by means of improving visual contrast sensitivity function.
Cholesterol ; Contrast Sensitivity ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Diabetic Retinopathy* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hypercholesterolemia ; Lovastatin ; Retinaldehyde ; Visual Acuity

OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of Acrysof(R) intraocular lens (IOL) compared to PMMA IOL about visual acuity & postoperative complications (eg. posterior capsular opacification) in diabetic patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 18 patients (21 eyes) which underwent cataract extraction with Acrysof (R) IOL implantation and 58 patients (65 eyes) with PMMA (polymethylmethacrylate) IOL implantation from January 1996 to December 1999 at Chonnam National University Hospital. RESULTS: Postoperative best corrected visual acuity of above or equal to 0.5 was seem in 66.7% in acrysof (R) group, and in 73.9% in PMMA group at 6 months follow-up. Postoperative posterior capsular opacification was 33.3% and 49.2% respectively, and there was statistically significant difference in both group(p=0.021). CONCLUSIONS: Acrysof(R) intraocular lens can be used safely and reduce the rate of posterior capsular opacification in diabetic patients, which can make the positive effect on the treatment of the diabetic retinopathy after cataract surgery.
Cataract ; Cataract Extraction ; Diabetic Retinopathy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Jeollanam-do ; Lens Implantation, Intraocular* ; Lenses, Intraocular* ; Medical Records ; Polymethyl Methacrylate* ; Postoperative Complications ; Retrospective Studies ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: To compare the postoperative results of unilateral lateral rectus recession with bilateral lateral rectus recession between 20 prism diopters (PD) and 25 PD intermittent exotropia for basic type. METHODS: We analyzed retrospectively the data of 27 patients underwent unilateral lateral rectus recession and 38 patients underwent bilateral lateral rectus recession with 20 PD and 25 PD intermittent exotropia for basic type from June 1996 to May 2000 at the Department of Ophthalmology of Chonnam National University Hospital. RESULTS: There were 10 cases (37.0%) in unilateral group and 8 cases (21.1%) in bilateral group showing undercorrection in the amount of deviation more than 10 PD and 2 cases (5.3%) in bilateral group showing overcorrection in the amount of deviation more than 10 PD, and there was no overcorrection in unilateral group. There was a tendency of recurrence of exotropia during the first postoperative month, but the alignment after 1 month postoperative was not much different from the alignment at the last follow-up. The mean amount of correction after surgery was 13.78+/-7.65 PD (Mean+/-SD) in unilateral group and 20.32+/-8.37 PD (Mean+/-SD) in bilateral group (P=0.002). Success rate was 73.6% in bilateral group, better than 63.0% in unilateral group although there was no statistically significant difference (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The undercorrection rate of bilateral lateral rectus recession is less than that of unilateral lateral rectus recession and more satisfactory surgical outcome was obtained in bilateral lateral rectus recession; therefore bilateral lateral rectus recession can lead to good result in 20~25 PD intermittent exotropia for basic type.
Exotropia* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Jeollanam-do ; Ophthalmology ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies

There have been some differences between the manifestations of biliary tract diseases in the Korean population and those in the populations of western countries, and these differences have been varying recently. A clinical analysis of 1000 patients who had been treated surgically for biliary diseases at the Department of General Surgery, St. Benedict Hospital, during the period of 10 years from January 1986 to December 1995 was done, and the results were compared with those of previous reports. The following subjects emerged as points of variance : 1) The incidence of the each biliary tract disease, 2) In calculous biliary disease, the location of the stone and the chemical composition of the stone, 3) Parasitic biliary disease, 4) The sex ratio and the age distribution, 5) The duration of illness, 6) Common symptoms and signs and their frequency, 7) Positive laboratory findings and the availability of radiologic diagnoses, 8) Common organisms in the bacterial culture, 9) The management of biliary diseases, and 10) Postoperative complications and the mortality rate. The clinical manifestations of biliary diseases have changed gradually and have been influenced by multiple factors: improvements inf living, education, and the environment, advances in diagnostic and therapeutic methods, etc.. Although these changes are due to the influences of westernization, they should also exhibit Korean-unique charecteristics. Also, we l expect further improvements in the future, and keep in mind those different points, there should be further suitable management, depending on changing features.
Age Distribution ; Biliary Tract Diseases* ; Biliary Tract* ; Diagnosis ; Education ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mortality ; Postoperative Complications ; Sex Ratio

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the patients in the rehabilitation center with the patients who had visited the Department of Ophthalmology of Chonnam University Hospital to investigate incidence and type of ocular abnormalities in cerebral palsy patients. METHODS: We compared the seventy patients who had visited the Department of Ophthalmology of Chonnam University Hospital from January 1990 to July 2000 with one hundred and six patients in the rehabilitation center, and analyzed the incidence and type of ocular abnormalities between the two groups of cerebral palsy patients. RESULTS: In rehabilitation center group, spastic type was 51 patients among 90 patients (56.7%). In outpatient group, spastic type was 48 patients among 52 patients (92.3%). In rehabilitation center group, strabismus was detected in 35 patients among 106 patients (33.0%). In outpatient group, strabismus was detected in 31 patients among 70 patients (44.3%). In rehabilitation center group, refractive errors were detected in 27 patients among 85 patients (31.8%). In outpatient group, refractive errors were detected in 28 patients among 60 patients (46.7%). CONCLUSION: We concluded that because of the high incidence of ocular abnormalities in both rehabilitation center and outpatient groups, early detection through routine screening and early treatment for the ocular abnormalities of the cerebral palsy patients would be needed.
Cerebral Palsy* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Jeollanam-do ; Mass Screening ; Muscle Spasticity ; Ophthalmology ; Outpatients ; Refractive Errors* ; Rehabilitation Centers ; Strabismus*

No abstract available.
Teratoma* ; Turner Syndrome*

To find out the predictors of nocturnal arterial oxygen desaturation in patients with respiratory diseases, transcutaneous oxygen saturation(StcO2) monitoring studies using a pulse oximeter were performed during sleep in 20 patients. StcO2 was decreased more than 4% from the baseline value in 18 patients(90%) and more than 10%('Desaturator') in 8(40%). Five of the seven patients(71.4%) with awake PaO2<60mmHg and three of the thirteen patients(23.1%) with awake PaO2≥60mmHg were 'desaturators'. The awake PaO2/FIO2 and PaO2/PAO2 could distinguish 'desaturator' from 'nondesaturator, and PaO2, SaO2 or StcO2 could not. These results suggest that the nocturnal oxygen desaturation depends on the severity of the underlying disease rather than the baseline PaO2. Anthropomorphic and lung function factors could not separate between 'desaturator' and 'non-desaturator', and about a quarter of patients with a wake PaO2≥60mmHg developed significant desaturation. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the nocturnal arterial oxygen saturation in patients with respiratory diseases regardless of their severity of airflow obstruction or awake PaO2.
Humans ; Lung ; Oxygen*