The adequate treatment of tibia fracture is one of the most difficult due to severe commiuntion, open wound, delayed union, angulation deformity and infection. We treated 38 fractures of the tibia by Interlocking intramedullary nail from Feb. 1983 to Mar. 1993. 35 cases of the tibia fracture were fresh, 13 cases of fracture were open. The other 3 cases were delayed union and nonunion. The Mean follow-up was 14.0 months. The results were as followings. 1. Of the 38 fractures, 37 fractures united and the mean union time was 18.7 weeks. 2. Interlocking intramedullary nail could be used to the majority of fractures of the proximal & distal tibia shaft. fractures. 3. The Im erlocking nail had rigid rotational stability and was appropriate for the treatment in severe unstable fractures, commninution and open-with bone loss. 4. Delayed union or nonunion was a good indication for intramedullary nailling. 5. The major-complication were valgus deformity of 2 cases, varus deformity of 1 case, 1 case deep infection. 6. Interlocking intramedullary nailing provided rigid fixation of . fracture and then made early joint motion exercise and ambulation.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary* ; Joints ; Tibia ; Tibial Fractures* ; Walking ; Wounds and Injuries

No abstract available.
Hypothyroidism* ; Megacolon* ; Pericardial Effusion* ; Pregnancy*

We have studied the changing patterns of psychiatric consultation in a general hospital for 10 years . Results were as follows 1) The annual psychiatric consultation rate was 1.64%. 2) In age group, elderly patients above 60's had increasing tendency of consultation. 3) The referred patients from department of Internal medicine was the highest and ones from neurology department were increasing recently. 4) Most of the patients were consulted during the month of lune, f311owe4 by April, March and May. 5) The most frequent reason far their psychiatric consultation was psychiatric complaint without specific evidence of lab. data but physical problems. 6) In the psychiatric diagnoses of the consulted patients, organic mental disorders were the first, and depression was the second in order.
Aged ; Neurocognitive Disorders ; Depression ; Diagnosis ; Hospitals, General* ; Humans ; Internal Medicine ; Neurology ; Referral and Consultation*

OBJECTS: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relative usefulness of the morphologic scoring system and spectral doppler ultrasonographic analysis in differentiating between benign and malignant adnexal masses. METHODS: All patients scanned between July 1995 and June 1998 with sonographically identified and pathologically confirmed adnexal masses formed the study group. The adnexal masses were scored as benign or malignant on the basis of their sonographic appearance. Specific categories included inner wall structure, wall thickness, septal structure, and echogenicity. Women whose morphologic findings were suspicious for malignancy underwent doppler sonography. A threshold pulsatility index of 1.0 and resistance index of 0.4 were used to differentiate benign from malignant lesions. The findings were correlated with the presence of malignancy. RESULTS: Two hundred fifty one patients formed the study group; 215 patients were benign and 36 patients were malignant pathologically. Using the morphologic scoring system, 31 of the 36 malignant masses were classified as suggestive of malignant tumor, and 147 of the 215 benign masses were classified as not suggestive of malignant tumor (sensitivity, 86%; specificity, 68%; positive predictive value, 31%; negative predictive value, 97%). Doppler velocimetry was performed on a total of 62 patients, 19 patients with malignant tumors and 43 patients with benign tumors. A mean PI value of 0.85 and RI value of 0.52 for malignant tumors and mean PI value of 2.00 and RI value of 0.75 for benign tumors was shown. The PI value was significantly lower (p 0.001) in malignant than that of in benign masses, but RI value was not significant (p 0.184). The sensitivity and specificity in the detection of malignancy combined with doppler velocimetry was 86% and 67%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Doppler velocimetry studies did not add substantially to the prediction of malignancy using the morphologic scoring system.
Diagnosis* ; Female ; Humans ; Rheology ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Ultrasonography

No abstract available.
Ovarian Neoplasms*

The amplification of c-myc oncogene was evaluated in 42 cases of ovarian carcinomas to correlate with clinical parameters. Using oligonucleotide primers, sequences from the c-myc exon-3 gene and from a control gene, tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), were amplified simultaneously by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). After the products of differential PCR (d-PCR) were electrophoresed, slot blot hybridization was performed, and hybridized with P32 dATP-labeled myc and tPA oligonucleotide probes and then autoradiographed. The signal intensities of the two products were quantitated by densitometry and the ratios of two products (c-myc/tPA) were measured. The ovarian carcinomas showed significantly increased amplification of c-myc oncogene Oligonucleoti compared to normal control group (p<0.05). 15 of 42 cases (35.7%) showed various degrees of the MYC gene amplification up to 27 folds in various histologic types of ovarian carcinomas. No significant differences of the MYC gene amplification according to histologic subtypes, tumor action) grades and clinical stages of ovarian carcinomas were present.
Densitometry ; DNA Primers ; Genes, myc ; Oligonucleotide Probes ; Oncogenes* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction* ; Tissue Plasminogen Activator

No abstract available.
Humans ; Pregnancy, Twin*

No abstract available.
Abscess* ; Drainage*

Three patients(1%) with recurrent molar pregnancy were managed arnong 317 registered molar pregnancies at the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hanyang University Hospital between 197S and 1991. Reeurrent molar pregnancy seemed to be oaiated with a worsening histology and an increased incidence of proliferative trophoblastic sequelae in the successive episodes of hydatidiform mole. The treatment of recurrent mole is discussed and the literature regardmg recurrent rnolar pregnancy is reviewed.
Female ; Gynecology ; Hydatidiform Mole ; Incidence ; Obstetrics ; Pregnancy ; Trophoblasts

Previous studies have shown that the cancer cell lines secrete multiple cytokines, such as macrophage colony-stimulating factor(M-CSF), granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor(GM-CSF), interleukin-l(IL-1), interleukin-2(IL-2), interleukin-6(IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-alpha). We evaluated the levels of IL-2, IL-6, and TNF-alpha in the ascites of 23 patients with ovarian cancer. These levels were then compared with cytokine concentration found in 10 patients who had benign ascites and also studied the relation between levels of cytokines and clinical parameters. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used to determine the levels of cytokines in ascitic fluids. The median age of the group was 56, and the median follow-up time was 24 months. The levels of IL-2 was not elevated in ascites of ovarian cancer(30.5 vs 37.2 pg/ml, p=0.083), 1 he levels of TNF-alpha in the ascites with ovarian cancer were higher when compared with ascites of benign disease and was nearly approached statistically significant(91.0+/-20.7 vs 440.2+/-117.9pg/ml, p=0.058). Significantly higher IL-6 levels were detected in patients ascites compared with ascites with benign disease(354.3+/-42.9 vs 5,605+/-1,137pg/ml, p=0.006). IL-6 and TNF-a levels in ascites did not correlate statistically with tumor volume, histologic type or with survival time. IL-6 levels did not correlated statistically with volume of ascites. IL-6 and TNF-a levels did not correlated either. Circulating platelet counts in patients with ovarian cancer were significantly higher than in patients with benign conditions (282.6+/-5 vs 388.4+/-21.2x-10(9)/l, p=0.003). Thrombocytosis(platelet counts>400x10(9)/l) occured in 35%(8/23) of the cases with ovarian cancer. IL-6 levels in ascites correlated signi-ficantly with circulating platelet counts(R=0.427, p=0.042). This study showed that the patients with ovarian cancer have elevated levels of IL-6 in ascites. IL-6 levels were not correlate with disease status in patients with ovarian cancer. However, the correlation was found between IL-6 levels and thrombocytosis. This observation suggest a role for IL-6 in the development of tumor-associated thrombocytosis. A larger study would help in evaluating the potential biological roles and use of cytokines as tumor markers in ovarian cancer.
Ascites* ; Ascitic Fluid ; Blood Platelets ; Cell Line ; Cytokines ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Interleukin-2 ; Interleukin-6 ; Macrophages ; Necrosis* ; Ovarian Neoplasms* ; Platelet Count ; Thrombocytosis ; Tumor Burden ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha