By animal experiments in rat, it has been known that Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is secreted from renal mesangial celle and is an autocrine growth factor for the proliferation of mesangial cells. According to these facts, several studies have been tried for its clinical usefulness by measuring their serum or urinary IL-6 in glomerulonephritis patients with mesangial proliferation. The authors measured urinary IL-6 levels by Interleukin-6 [123I] RIA kit (Amersham Co. UK) in 11 patients with minimal change nephrotic syndrome, in 3 patients with mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MesPGN), in 3 patients with IgA nephropathy, in 9 patients with Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis (HSPN) in 2 patients with membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN), and in 12 normal healthy children as a control group. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1) There was no significant differences of urinary IL-6 levels between minimal change nephrotic syndrome patient group and normal control group (p=0.73). The level of urinary IL-6 was increased significantly in HSPN group compared to in normal control group, statistically (p=0.045). Also there were same results in the glomerulonephritis patients with mesangial proliferation in its histopathologic findings such as IgA nephropathy, MesPGN, MPGN. 2) There was a positive correlation between the degree of mesangial proliferation and the urinary IL-6 level. In conclusion, the urinary IL-6 level reflects the glomerular mesangial proliferation and could be useful as a predictive indicator for evaluation of its clinical course in patient with mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis.
Animal Experimentation ; Animals ; Child* ; Glomerulonephritis* ; Glomerulonephritis, IGA ; Glomerulonephritis, Membranoproliferative ; Humans ; Interleukin-6* ; Interleukins* ; Mesangial Cells ; Nephritis ; Nephrosis, Lipoid ; Purpura, Schoenlein-Henoch ; Rats

No abstract available.
Panax* ; Saponins* ; Water*

No abstract available.
Aortic Stenosis, Supravalvular*

No abstract available.
Aneurysm* ; Hydrocephalus* ; Hypothalamus* ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage*

No abstract available.
Femur*

Sheehans syndrome is a known complication of pregnancy, It was described as a syndrome of hypopituitarysm due to acute ischemic necrosis of the anterior pituitary gland secondary to severe postpartum bleeding and shock. The neurophysis is usually preserved. But it can be involved in severe cases manifesting as diabetes insipidus. Because of its rare coexistence with Sheehans syndrome, diabetes insipidus is seldom recognized as a potential postpartum complication. The report describes a patient who developed Sheehans syndrome and diabetes insipidus immediately following delivery. Diabetes insipidus resolved spontaneously after 15 months, while panhypopituitarysm is persistent.
Diabetes Insipidus ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hypopituitarism ; Necrosis ; Pituitary Gland, Anterior ; Postpartum Hemorrhage ; Postpartum Period ; Pregnancy ; Shock

No abstract available.
Teratoma* ; Turner Syndrome*

To find out the predictors of nocturnal arterial oxygen desaturation in patients with respiratory diseases, transcutaneous oxygen saturation(StcO2) monitoring studies using a pulse oximeter were performed during sleep in 20 patients. StcO2 was decreased more than 4% from the baseline value in 18 patients(90%) and more than 10%('Desaturator') in 8(40%). Five of the seven patients(71.4%) with awake PaO2<60mmHg and three of the thirteen patients(23.1%) with awake PaO2≥60mmHg were 'desaturators'. The awake PaO2/FIO2 and PaO2/PAO2 could distinguish 'desaturator' from 'nondesaturator, and PaO2, SaO2 or StcO2 could not. These results suggest that the nocturnal oxygen desaturation depends on the severity of the underlying disease rather than the baseline PaO2. Anthropomorphic and lung function factors could not separate between 'desaturator' and 'non-desaturator', and about a quarter of patients with a wake PaO2≥60mmHg developed significant desaturation. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the nocturnal arterial oxygen saturation in patients with respiratory diseases regardless of their severity of airflow obstruction or awake PaO2.
Humans ; Lung ; Oxygen*

To observe the cellular expression of extracellular matrix components during mouse skin regeneration, the wounded skin samples were processed by immunoelectronmicroscopic methods, using primary antibodies for fibronectin, collagen type IV and laminin. The tissues were observed under transmission electron-microscope. The results were summarized as follows. 1. The granulation tissues and x-cells were observed in the wound margin at 18 hr post injury. The number of fibroblasts was increased in the granulation tissues at 1 day post injury. 2. The expression of fibronectin was observed in x-cells at 18 hr post injury, and in fibroblasts at 1 day post injury. In x-cells, after 1 day post injury, the expression of fibronectin was decreased. 3. At 1 day post injury, the expression of collagen type IV was increased in fibroblasts whereas not in x-cells. 4. The expression of laminin was increased by 18 hr post injury, but decreased after 1 day post injury. On the basis of above findings, in mouse, the regenerations of wounded skin were faster than other animals. The first step, infiltration response, was processed till 18 hr or 1 day post injury. The second step, fibroblast proliferation phase, began at 1 day post injury. In the regenerations of wounded skin, x-cells migrated to the wound region and activated, earlier than fibroblast. Thereafter, x-cells which appeared to be transformed into fibroblasts, played an important role in the synthesis of fibronectin and collagen type IV, and the formation of granulation tissue, with migrated fibroblasts to the wound region.
Animals ; Antibodies ; Collagen Type IV ; Extracellular Matrix* ; Fibroblasts ; Fibronectins ; Granulation Tissue ; Laminin ; Mice* ; Regeneration* ; Skin* ; Wounds and Injuries