1.Auricular Reconstruction in Microtia Patients: A Single Institution Experience
Young Kyun HUR ; Yeonsu JEONG ; Sung Huhn KIM
Korean Journal of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery 2022;65(6):319-327
Background and Objectives:
Microtia is a congenital deformity where the pinna and middle ear structures are underdeveloped. Auricular reconstruction in microtia is one of the most difficult surgeries in otolaryngology due to the complex three-dimensional structure of the auricle. This study investigated the post-operative results in total auricular reconstruction performed by otologic surgeons in a single institution.Subjects and Method We analyzed data from 27 microtia patients who underwent auricular reconstruction in our institution from 2011 to 2019. The post-operative results were evaluated in terms of the shape of the auricle, the symmetry of the ear, and the degree of auriculocephalic sulcus stricture. The type and frequency of post-operative complications associated with the reconstruction were also evaluated.
Results:
Of the 24 patients, the shape of the auricle was good in 11 (40.7%), moderate in 11 (40.7%), and poor in 5 (18.6%) patients. The symmetry of the ear size was symmetric in 24 (88.9%) and asymmetric in 3 (11.1%) patients. The degree of auriculocephalic sulcus stricture was good in 11 (40.7%), partial stricture in 12 (44.4%), and severe stricture in 4 (14.8%) patients. Postoperative complications included skin necrosis, suture material exposure, and wound infection with cartilage deformation.
Conclusion
Total auricular reconstruction is a complex and sophisticated operation utilizing either autologous rib cartilage or artificial implant material. Considering that microtia is often accompanied by ear canal stenosis and hearing impairment, otolaryngologists should be more interested in the field of auricular reconstruction.
2.Insufficient Diagnostic Value of Serum Galactomannan and (1,3)-β-D-Glucan in Paranasal Sinus Fungus Balls
Suk Won CHANG ; Yeonsu JEONG ; Ju Wan KANG ; Chang-Hoon KIM ; Hyung-Ju CHO
Journal of Rhinology 2024;31(2):101-105
Background and Objectives:
The serum galactomannan test (GM test) and the (1,3)-β-D-glucan test (G test) are utilized in diagnosing invasive fungal sinusitis. However, their effectiveness in detecting paranasal sinus fungus balls (FBs) has not been established. This study aimed to explore their diagnostic value in patients with FBs.
Methods:
We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 105 patients (42 with FBs and 63 with chronic rhinosinusitis [CRS]) who underwent serum GM and G tests between June 2020 and May 2021. Olfactory test results and demographics were also analyzed.
Results:
There were 42 FB patients (10 men, 32 women) and 63 CRS patients (27 men, 36 women). The positivity rates for serum GM (7.1% in the FB group vs. 3.2% in the CRS group, p=0.640) and G test (9.5% in the FB group vs. 11.1% in the CRS group, p=0.482) did not differ significantly between groups. The sensitivities of the GM and G tests were 7.1% and 9.5%, respectively, and their specificities were 96.8% and 88.9%, respectively. The positive predictive values were 60.0% for the GM test and 36.3% for the G test, and the negative predictive values were 61.0% for the GM test and 59.6% for the G test.
Conclusion
Serum GM and G tests demonstrated low sensitivity and high specificity, indicating limited effectiveness in differentiating between patients with FBs and those with CRS. Histological examination remains the gold standard for the definitive diagnosis of FBs.
3.Insufficiency of Laboratory Data in Reflecting Allergic Rhinitis Severity Based on the Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma Guideline in Korean Patients
Hae Eun NOH ; Yeonsu JEONG ; Min-Seok RHA ; Chang-Hoon KIM ; Hyung-Ju CHO
Journal of Rhinology 2024;31(1):17-21
Background and Objectives:
This retrospective study, conducted at a single tertiary medical center, aimed to investigate the correlation between the severity of allergic rhinitis (AR) based on subjective symptoms and the severity assessed through laboratory data.
Methods:
In total, 584 patients who were diagnosed with AR by a multiple-allergen simultaneous test were included. Patients were classified into four groups according to the Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) classification guideline. The visual analog scale (VAS) score for overall discomfort and laboratory parameters, including the serum total immunoglobulin E (IgE) level and peripheral blood eosinophil count, were evaluated in all patients. An analysis was conducted to examine the differences in VAS scores and laboratory findings among the four groups. Additionally, the correlations between the laboratory findings and VAS score were analyzed.
Results:
The serum total IgE level and the percentage and count of peripheral blood eosinophils showed no significant differences among the groups. However, the VAS score for overall discomfort exhibited notable between-group differences. The average VAS score was 6.14 (95% confidence interval 5.94–6.34) in the overall group. The mean scores of each group showed a noticeable increasing trend from the mild intermittent group to the mild persistent, moderate to severe intermittent, and moderate to severe persistent groups (p<0.001), although there was no clear correlation between the increase in VAS scores and laboratory parameters.
Conclusion
Neither the symptom-based ARIA guideline nor the VAS score correlated with the AR laboratory test measurements. The current laboratory data alone may not be sufficient to reflect the severity of AR based on subjective symptoms.
4.Establishment of hydrochloric acid/lipopolysaccharide-induced pelvic inflammatory disease model.
Yeonsu OH ; Jaehun LEE ; Hyeon Cheol KIM ; Tae Wook HAHN ; Byung Il YOON ; Jeong Hee HAN ; Yong Soo KWON ; Joung Jun PARK ; Deog Bon KOO ; Ki Jong RHEE ; Bae Dong JUNG
Journal of Veterinary Science 2016;17(3):413-419
Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), which is one of the most problematic complications experienced by women with sexually transmitted diseases, frequently causes secondary infections after reproductive abnormalities in veterinary animals. Although the uterus is self-protective, it becomes fragile during periods or pregnancy. To investigate PID, bacteria or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) extracted from gram negative bacteria has been used to induce the disease in several animal models. However, when LPS is applied to the peritoneum, it often causes systemic sepsis leading to death and the PID was not consistently demonstrated. Hydrochloric acid (HCl) has been used to induce inflammation in the lungs and stomach but not tested for reproductive organs. In this study, we developed a PID model in mice by HCl and LPS sequential intracervical (i.c.) administration. The proinflammatory cytokines, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α, were detected in the mouse uterus by western blot analysis and cytokine enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay after HCl (25 mg/kg) administration i.c. followed by four LPS (50 mg/kg) treatments. Moreover, mice exhibited increased infiltration of neutrophils in the endometrium and epithelial layer. These results suggest that ic co-administration of HCl and LPS induces PID in mice. This new model may provide a consistent and reproducible PID model for future research.
Animals
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Bacteria
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Blotting, Western
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Coinfection
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Cytokines
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Endometrium
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Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
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Female
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Gram-Negative Bacteria
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Humans
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Hydrochloric Acid
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Inflammation
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Interleukin-6
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Interleukins
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Lung
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Mice
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Models, Animal
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Necrosis
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Neutrophils
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Pelvic Inflammatory Disease*
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Peritoneum
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Pregnancy
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Sepsis
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Sexually Transmitted Diseases
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Stomach
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Uterus