The general aim of Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) was to assess the health and nutritional status in the Korean population. The KNHANES began in 1998 and has been conducting as a series of surveys : 1998(1st), 2001(2nd), 2005(3rd) and 2007-2009(4th). Specific aims were, in a cross-sectional study of nationally representative samples of the noninstitutionalized civilian Korean population aged > or = 1 year (4,600 households each year), to monitor trends the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of selected chronic diseases, monitor trends in nutritional status and risk behaviors, and analyze risk factors for chronic diseases. For these purposes, with standardized high-quality methods, extensive data on health and nutrition are collected by health interview, health examination (physical examination, clinical measurements and tests) and dietary interview. In 2007, the 4th KNHANES became a continuous annual survey by highly trained field staff. In addition, the 4th KNHANES expanded examination components (addition of oral examination, pulmonary function test and laboratory test items such as ferritin, vitamin D, insulin, manganese, and arsenic), simplified survey procedure, and strengthened quality control. Further works will be focused on the selection of new examination and interview components, planning of KNHANES follow-up survey, continuous training of field staff and quality control, and improvement of dietary survey method.
Chronic Disease ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Diagnosis, Oral ; Family Characteristics ; Ferritins ; Follow-Up Studies ; Insulin ; Korea* ; Manganese ; Nutrition Surveys* ; Nutritional Status ; Prevalence ; Quality Control ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Risk Factors ; Risk-Taking ; Vitamin D

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of an abdominal obesity management program in middle-aged women in Korea. METHODS: Examination of databases, including the Research Information Sharing Service, Database Periodical Information Academic, and Korean Studies Information, resulted in identification of 772 studies performed up to 2014, of which 43 satisfied the inclusion data. Data analysis was performed using R version 3.2 to calculate the effect sizes, explore possible causes of heterogeneity, and check for publication bias, using a funnel plot and its trim-and-fill analysis. RESULTS: The mean effect size of the management program was small (g=0.22), along with the anthropometric index (g=0.18), metabolism index (g=0.21), fat-distribution (g=0.36), and inflammatory index (g=0.36). Moderator analysis was performed to determine heterogeneity, but no significant differences were found between the randomized controlled trial (RCT) group and non-RCT group. In addition, the length of the session was found to be statistically significant after performing a meta-regression. Finally, a funnel plot with a trim-and-fill analysis was produced to check for publication bias, but no significant bias was detected. CONCLUSION: Based on these findings, the abdominal obesity management program affects middle-aged women in Korea. Further research is needed to target other age groups with abdominal obesity.
Bias (Epidemiology) ; Female ; Humans ; Information Dissemination ; Korea ; Metabolism ; Obesity, Abdominal ; Population Characteristics ; Publication Bias ; Statistics as Topic

CHARGE syndrome has been estimated to occur in 1:10,000 births worldwide and shows various clinical manifestations. It is a genetic disorder characterized by a specific and a recognizable pattern of anomalies. The major clinical features are ocular coloboma, heart malformations, atresia of the choanae, growth retardation, genital hypoplasia, and ear abnormalities. The chromodomain helicase DNA-binding protein 7 (CHD7) gene, located on chromosome 8q12.1, causes CHARGE syndrome. The CHD7 protein is an adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-dependent chromatin remodeling protein. A total of 67% of patients clinically diagnosed with CHARGE syndrome have CHD7 mutations. Five hundred twenty-eight pathogenic and unique CHD7 alterations have been identified so far. We describe a patient with a CHARGE syndrome diagnosis who carried a novel de novo mutation, a c.3896T>C (p. leu1299Pro) missense mutation, in the CHD7 gene. This finding will provide more information for genetic counseling and expand our understanding of the pathogenesis and development of CHARGE syndrome.
Adenosine Triphosphate ; CHARGE Syndrome* ; Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly ; Coloboma ; Diagnosis ; Ear ; Genetic Counseling ; Heart ; Humans ; Mutation, Missense ; Nasopharynx ; Parturition

Anemia is a common cause of referrals to gastroenterologists. Only a small number of anemia cases result from vascular abnormalities. Visceral artery aneurysms and pseudoaneurysms are rare forms of vascular disease that have significant potential for rupture, resulting in potentially life-threatening hemorrhaging. We present the case of a 70-year-old female patient with a pseudoaneurysm of the superior mesenteric artery complicated with rupture, who had no abdominal pain and only anemia.
Abdominal Pain ; Aged ; Anemia* ; Aneurysm ; Aneurysm, False* ; Arteries ; Female ; Humans ; Mesenteric Artery, Superior* ; Referral and Consultation ; Rupture* ; Vascular Diseases

Blood Glucose ; Child ; Chronic Disease ; Delivery of Health Care ; Diabetes, Gestational ; Diet Therapy ; Diet, Food, and Nutrition ; Female ; Humans ; Mobile Applications ; Mothers ; Pregnancy ; Prevalence

Background: The largest outbreak of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 occurred at a preschool in South Korea from June 12 to 29, 2020. This study aimed to analyze the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of EHEC infection in this outbreak. Methods: Epidemiological investigation was performed on all 184 children and 19 workers at the preschool using a standard questionnaire to assess symptoms, food intake, attendance, and special activity history. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis of confirmed cases was performed to determine genetic relevance. Results: During this outbreak, 103 children were affected, whereas only one infection was identified in adults. Of the 103 pediatric patients, 85 had symptoms (82.5%), including diarrhea, abdominal pain, bloody stool, fever, and vomiting. Thirty-two patients (31.1%) were hospitalized, 15 (14.6%) were diagnosed with hemolytic uremic syndrome, and 4 (3.9%) received dialysis treatment. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis identified 4 genotypes with high genetic relevance (92.3%). Epidemiological investigation revealed that this outbreak might have occurred from ingesting foods stored in a refrigerator with a constant temperature above 10°C, which was conducive to bacterial growth. Despite several measures after outbreak recognition, new infections continued to appear. Therefore, the preschool was forced to close on June 19 to prevent further person-to-person transmission. Conclusion Our findings from the response to the largest outbreak will help prepare countermeasures against future EHEC outbreak.

Palinopsia means a visual image persisting for minutes to hours or reappearing episodically after the exciting stimulus has been removed. The anatomic correlation of palinopsia is not clear, whereas occipito-parietal and occipito-temporal lesions have been implicated. We describe a patient presenting palinopsia prior to motor seizures which was related to left posterior temporal lesion. A 36-year-old man had a generalized tonic clonic seizure after palinoptic positive visual afterimages. Brain MRI and Transfemoral cerebral angiography (TFCA) revealed an arteriovenous malformation of 1x1.5x2 cm3. We used oxcarbazepine for preventing recurrent seizures and planned gamma knife radiosurgery. Palinopsia is a very rare clinical manifestation as an aura of seizures. Palinopsia preceding clinical seizure as a localizing value, so that neuroimaging is mandatory in this clinical situation. This is the first reported case of palinopsia in Korea.
Afterimage ; Arteriovenous Malformations ; Brain ; Carbamazepine ; Cerebral Angiography ; Epilepsy ; Humans ; Korea ; Neuroimaging ; Radiosurgery ; Seizures ; Visual Perception