We report a case of hepatocellular carcinoma presented with severe hypoglycemia. Computerized tomography and ultrasonography revealed a massive bilateral tumor with portal vein thrombosis. The levels of IGF-I (113 ng/mL) and IGFBP- (815 ng/mL) measured in the plasma, were lower than normal range. There was strong immunoreactivity of IGF- and IGF-I in immunohistochemical stain of tumor cells.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Carrier Proteins* ; Fibrinogen* ; Hypoglycemia* ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; Plasma ; Reference Values ; Ultrasonography ; Venous Thrombosis

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: There are several methods of sinus irrigation, they also have several problems such as, local pain and damage to the orbit or the tooth, bleeding, soft tissue swelling of the cheek, prolonged procedure time and so on. Now, a new instrument for sinus irrigation, self-supportable sinus irrigator, has been devised for easy, feasible, and efficacious sinus irrigation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Self-supportable sinus irrigator has two component parts. One is an irrigator part and the other is a self-supportable part. After the irrigator tip is introduced into the middle meatus beyond the uncinate process or into the maxillary sinus via the natural ostium, the irrigator part is supported by the self-supportable part. The sinuses are irrigated using normal saline. RESULTS: Two models have been devised. Type 1 irrigator was used for irrigation of the ethmoid sinus and the frontal sinus and type 2 for the maxillary sinus. Sinuses could be irrigated with minimal complications with less time-consuming efforts. Fluid collection in the maxillary sinus could be identified on Waters' view in both models. CONCLUSION: The irrigator is useful for sinus irrigation and can be practically used by outpatients.
Cheek ; Ethmoid Sinus ; Frontal Sinus ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Maxillary Sinus ; Orbit ; Outpatients ; Paranasal Sinuses ; Tooth

No abstract available.
Blindness* ; Orbit*

No abstract available.
Angiofibroma*

A sound understanding of the preferred appearance of the external nose is central to successful rhinoplasty. A survey using photographs was conducted among college students and employees aged 20 to 39 years in Inchon, Korea. Three hundred and twenty-one subjects filled out a questionnaire about their preferences regarding external nasal appearance. The most commonly preferred height of the nasion, measured from the corneal plane, was 6 mm among both sexes, and the most commonly preferred depth of the nasion, measured from the glabella plane, was 3 mm among both sexes. Regarding the nasofrontal angle, men preferred an angle of 135 degrees and women preferred an angle of 140 degrees. Men preferred a nasofacial angle of 33 degrees while women preferred an angle of 30 degrees. A straight nasal dorsum was most commonly preferred among both sexes and the most commonly preferred dorsal width was 13 mm among men and 10 mm among women. The most commonly preferred tip projection was 30 mm among men and 27 mm among women and the preferred tip angle was 105 degrees among both sexes. The angle of the apex in the most commonly preferred nasal base configuration was 85 degrees among men and 70 degrees among women. The angle of the apex in the most commonly preferred lobular configuration was 65 degrees among both sexes. The most commonly preferred ratio between nostril length and the distance from the subnasale to the tip was 45 percent among both sexes. The most commonly preferred angle between both nostril axes was 60 degrees among both sexes. The most commonly preferred nasolabial angle was 90 degrees among men and 95 degrees among women. The main difference in preference between Koreans and Caucasians seemed to center on the radix area rather than the tip. These results can be useful as basic guidelines for rhinoplasty.
Female ; Humans ; Incheon ; Korea ; Male ; Nose ; Rhinoplasty ; Surveys and Questionnaires

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Traditional open rhinoplasty produces a scar on the columella. In previous survey using questi-onnaires, 77 percent of subjects refused to accept a small scar in the columella region, even when they were told that the scar would disappear in time. To avoid such a scar, rhinoplasty was performed without transcolumellar incision. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Skin incision was extended from a traditional marginal incision to the footplate of the medial crus. Rhinoplasty was done in 99 patients. RESULTS: The columella artery was not damaged. Necrosis, notching, and scar did not occur on the columella. Because the skin continuity was preserved, it was easier to watch and correct any or all abnormalities of the external nasal contour during operation than traditional open rhinoplasty. It was possible to accurately operate both the tip and the dorsum under direct vision like traditional open rhinoplasty. CONCLUSION: Approach via extended marginal incision is a very useful method in operating both the nasal tip and the nasal dorsum.
Arteries ; Cicatrix ; Humans ; Necrosis ; Rhinoplasty* ; Skin

BACKGROUND: Recent studies have demonstrated the molecular basis of the immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activities of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3(1,25-(OH)2D3). This hormone improves behavioral deficits and normalizes the nigral dopamine levels in animal models of Parkinson's disease (PD). METHODS: We studied whether the administration of 1,25-(OH)2D3 would protect against 6-hydroxydopa (6-OHDA)- and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced neuronal injury, and its potential regulatory effect on microglia activation. RESULTS: We found that 1,25-(OH)2D3 pretreatment significantly decreased 6-OHDA- and MPTP-induced dopaminergic neuronal loss in the substantia nigra pars compacta by preventing the activation of microglia. This observed neuroprotective effect in MPTP-treated mice that were given 1,25-(OH)2D3 may be attributable to inhibition of proinflammatory cytokine expression. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that 1,25-(OH)2D3 is a potentially valuable neuroprotective agent; it may therefore be considered for the treatment of pathologic conditions of the central nervous system, such as PD, where inflammation-induced neurodegeneration occurs.
1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine ; Animals ; Central Nervous System ; Dopamine ; Dopaminergic Neurons* ; Inflammation ; Mice ; Microglia ; Models, Animal ; Neurons ; Neuroprotective Agents ; Parkinson Disease* ; Rats ; Rodentia* ; Substantia Nigra ; Vitamin D

A nasal provocation test is the most reliable diagnostic test to confirm allergen in allergic rhinitis. However, there are neither specific objective methods nor a standardized method and interpretation. In 20 normal subjects and 86 allergic rhinitis patients, we applied acoustic rhinometry as a new objective method to assess changes in nasal patency induced by nasal allergen challenge, a procedure which is used for confirming allergic rhinitis. The result shows that a minimal cross-sectional area (MCA) and volume from the nose tip on back to 7 cm (nasal cavity volume) after allergen challenge were significantly decreased in allergic rhinitis patients in comparison with the control subjects. We conclude that acoustic rhinometry can provide a sensitive index for evaluating the results of a nasal provocation test.
Acoustics* ; Diagnostic Tests, Routine ; Humans ; Nasal Provocation Tests* ; Nose ; Rhinitis ; Rhinometry, Acoustic*

Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1, beta2, and beta3 are multifunctional proteins which play an important role in chronic inflammatory process, angiogenesis, and epithelial differentiation. In nasal polyps and postoperative polypoid mucosa after functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS), changes of expression of TGF-beta family were assessed to identify its role in formation of nasal polyps and mucosal healing after FESS. Nasal polyps and polypoid mucosa were obtained during FESS and in outpatient clinic after the surgery, respectively. Immunohistochemical staining was performed. TGF-beta family was highly expressed in the epithelium, subepithelial glands, neutrophils and eosinophils of nasal polyps. On the other hand, expression of TGF-beta family decreased in the epithelium and subepithelial gland of polypoid mucosa according to a postoperative period after FESS. These results suggest that TGF-beta family may play an important role in formation of nasal polyps and it decreases in process of mucosal healing after FESS.
Ambulatory Care Facilities ; Eosinophils ; Epithelium ; Hand ; Humans ; Mucous Membrane* ; Nasal Polyps* ; Neutrophils ; Postoperative Period ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; Transforming Growth Factors

A 19 year old female patient presented with diffuse alopecia as her chief medical complaint. A clinical examination revealed hirsutism limited only to the on midline lower abdomen with elevated DHEA-S(dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate) and total testosterone levels. Polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD) was diagnosed during the treatment with dexamethasone and spironolactone, which was effective to improve her alopecia. We believe that, with increasing, concerns about hair conditions of teen-age girls there should be increasing chances for dermatologists to care for patients of PCOD first before other specialities in medicine.
Abdomen ; Alopecia* ; Dexamethasone ; Female* ; Hair ; Hirsutism ; Humans ; Ovarian Diseases* ; Spironolactone ; Testosterone ; Young Adult