In spite of continuing efforts by many researchers and clinicians to improve oral functio, the number of patients with missing teeth resulting from periodnotitis and dental caries has not substantially decreased in Korea. Patients who use removable denture have relatively insufficient masticatory function. Various dental implants have been developed by a number of researchers to improve masticatory function. This study was undertaken to investigate the maximum bite force and masticatory function after implantatioin. A total 23 patients were treated with implantation at the Dept. of oral and maxillofacial surgery, college of Dentistry, PUSAN national university. The patient had natural tooth, the contralateral sides had implant-supported prostheses. The results were follows 1. The maximum bite force was little greater in implant-supported prostheses as 39.7kg than natural tooth as 36.8kg. This is because of the lack of periodontal ligament or inhibitory-reflex mechanism, higher maximal bite force could be expected when teeth are replaced by implants. 2. The maximal bite force is greater on implant-supported prostheses than natural tooth, but the masticatory function is higher at natural tooth. All of the patients who had implant-supported prostheses were comfortable during chewing the food. But, the masticatory function decrease because of psychologic problem and character of Korean food.
Bite Force* ; Busan ; Dental Caries ; Dental Implantation* ; Dental Implants* ; Dentistry ; Dentures ; Humans ; Korea ; Mastication ; Periodontal Ligament ; Prostheses and Implants ; Surgery, Oral ; Tooth

The midface are bounded by a line connecting the two zygomaticofrontal suture, passing through the frontomaxillary and frontonasal suture, and limited below by the occlusal plane of maxillary teeth. Midface fractures include fractures affecting the maxilla, the zygoma, and the nasoorbital ethmoid complex. Midface fractures can be classified as LeFort 1, II, III fractures, sygomaticomaxillary complex fractures, zygomatic arch frationctures, or nasoorbital ethmoid fractures. These injuries may be isolated or occur in combine. And sort tissue injuries to the facial structures are commonly encountered in the treatment of midface fractured patient. Soft tissue wounds may be limited to the superficial structures, but more serious injuries may extend to involve anatomic structures such as the sensory and motor nerves of the face; the parotid, or nasolacrimal glands or ducts ; or the dentoalveolar structures. Especially, these fractures are combined with the orbit, brain injuries and skull base fractures. This is to report the incidence, causes, criteria, complication and treatments of patients who visited our department for midface fracture, for last 10 years.
Brain Injuries ; Dental Occlusion ; Humans ; Incidence ; Maxilla ; Orbit ; Skull Base ; Sutures ; Tooth ; Wounds and Injuries ; Zygoma ; Zygomatic Fractures

BACKGROUND: Primary aldosteronism (PA) is believed to be a benign form of secondary hypertension due to the low incidence of hypertensive complications. Recently, several studies have shown that hypertensive complications were common in patients with PA. Therefore, we investigated hypertensive complications in 46 PA patients. METHEODS: Clinical and laboratory features of 46 46 patients were retrospectively analyzed. Hypertensive complications of this group were left ventricular hypertrophy, cerebrovascular accidents, hypertensive nephropathy and hypertensive retinopathy. RESULTS: Hypertensive complications were found in 30 (65.2%) of the 46 patients. The incidence of severe hypertension (higher than or equal to 110 mmHg in diastolic blood pressure) was 17.6%. Left ventricular hypertrophy was found in 26 (56.7%) of the 46 patients. Cerebrovascular accidents were found in 6 patients, and hypertensive nephropathy in 4 patients. The incidence of severe hypertensive retinopathy (higher than or equal to grade 3 in the Keith-Wagener Barker classification) was 17.6%. Of the 35 PA patients who underwent surgical treatment hypertension was found in 18 (51.4%). CONCLUSION: These results indicate that hypertensive complications are common in patients with PA, suggesting that early detection, treatment and close follow-up are necessary in PA.
Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hyperaldosteronism* ; Hypertension ; Hypertensive Retinopathy ; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular ; Incidence ; Retrospective Studies ; Stroke

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Hepatocytes on the hepatic lobule mipate from portal zone to centrilobular mea as the DNA synthesis within it. And also, the xenobiotic reactions reveal characteristic differences associated with zone specific metabolism in the liver acinus. In this study, the zonal distribution of ethylnitrosourea (ENU)-induced hepatic precancerous lesion was stereologically investigated. METHODS: Nine B6C3F1 mices were given I.p. injection of ENU (60 ug/pn body weight) when the pups were 15 days old prior to sacrifices at 8 weeks of life. All the 150 consecutive sections, 3 p m in thickness, were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and identified the basophilic precancerous lesions with 80-165 p m diameter in equatorial plane by the Zeiss microprojector. And then the distances from the center of selected foci to terminal hepatic vein or portal vein branches were estimated under the microscopic fields. As a control group, the same estimations were performed from the random points by the appointments of random digit table. RESULTS: Mean distance between ENU-induced 52 hepatocellular foci and the nearest terminal hepytic vein was 181.15+112.39 p m (Mean+ SD), but that of randomly selected 104 points was 291.73+157.98pm (Mean+5D) (Students t-test, p<0.0005). Substantially, 52.7% of ENU-induced 52 hepatocellular foci were within 300 p m from the terminal hepatic vein, but randomly selected 104 points were only 50.9% (Shapiro Wilk W test, w=0.819857, p=0.048038). Mean distance from ENU-induced 52 foci to portal vein was 398.85+149.98pm (Mean+SD), but that from the randomly selected 104 points was 315.87+145.79 pm (Mean+SD)(Students t-test, p<0.0005). CONCLUSION: Stereologically, ENU-induced mice liver cell foci distribute non-randomly to Zone III, centrilobular zone of mouse hepatic acini where promote invasion toward terminal hepatic veins.
Animals ; Appointments and Schedules ; Basophils ; Cholestasis ; DNA ; Eosine Yellowish-(YS) ; Ethylnitrosourea ; Fluconazole ; Hematoxylin ; Hepatic Veins ; Hepatocytes ; Liver ; Metabolism ; Mice* ; Portal Vein ; Veins

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to compare the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in patients undergoing major gynecologic surgery with those undergoing Cesarean-section during intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (PCA). METHODS: Seventy two patients received general anesthesia with enflurane. Group 1 patients underwent major gynecologic surgery, and group 2 patients were parturients who underwent Cesarean-section. Postoperatively, fentanyl was continuously infused i.v. using Accufuser PLUS (basal, 2 ml/h; bolus, 0.5 ml; lockout interval, 15 min) containing fentanyl 25microgram/kg in saline. PONV was evaluated at 6, 12, 24 and 36 h after starting continuous infusion and compared in the two groups. RESULTS: The incidence of PONV was significantly lower in group 2 (14%) than in group 1 (67%) (P < 5). CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that the incidence of PONV was lower for Cesarean-section than for gynecologic surgery.
Analgesia, Patient-Controlled* ; Anesthesia, General ; Enflurane ; Female ; Fentanyl* ; Gynecologic Surgical Procedures* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting*

Ophthalmoplegic migraine is defined as recurrent unilateral headaches associated with extraocular muscle palsies. This disorder is more common in older children, but it may begin in infancy. Neuroimaging study should be performed to rule out conditions resulting in third nerve compression, such as intracranial aneurysm or mass lesions. Early treatment with corticosteroids could shorten the duration of the ophthalmoplegia and relieve the pain. We report a 8 year old boy who had severe headache with recurrent ipsilateral ophthalmoplegia that developed at the age of 2. The pediatrician should be aware that ophthalmoplegic migraine may occur in infancy and that early systemic steroid therapy is critical to prevent permanent sequelae.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Child ; Headache ; Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Neuroimaging ; Ophthalmoplegia ; Ophthalmoplegic Migraine* ; Paralysis

PURPOSE: The C677T polymorphism of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase(MTHFR) has been suggested as a risk factor of maternal meiotic nondisjunction for Down syndrome. Recently, a second genetic polymorphism in MTHFR at position 1298 was reported. However, a positive association between the A1298C MTHFR polymorphism and Down syndrome has not been reported. Therefore, this study was undertaken to determine which polymorphism of MTHFR gene was associated with the increased risk of a child suffering from Down syndrome(DS). METHODS: We enrolled 33 patients with Down syndrome and 100 healthy individuals and analyzed the MTHFR C677T and A1298C polymorphism by a PCR-restriction fragment length assay. RESULTS: Frequencies of MTHFR C677T genotypes(CC, CT, and TT) were 9(27%), 22(67%), and 2 (6%) in the DS patients and 24(24%), 55(55%) and 21(21%) in the control, respectively. The frequency of mutant 677TT was significantly low in the DS patients(OR : 0.14; 95% CI : 0.02-0.95; P= 0.04). For the MTHFR A1298C polymorphism, frequencies of genotypes(AA, AC, and CC) were 16(48 %), 15(45%) and 1(3%) in DS patients and 77(77%), 21(21%) and 2(2%) in the control, respectively. The frequency of mutant 1298AC was significantly increased in DS patients with an odds ratio of 3.3(95% CI : 1.39-7.82; P=0.007). CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that MTHFR mutant 677TT may have a protective effect against Down syndrome, but MTHFR mutant 1298AC may be an independent risk factor in Down syndrome.
Child ; Down Syndrome* ; Humans ; Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2)* ; Odds Ratio ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Risk Factors

PURPOSE: Oral UFT is known to be a safe and effective antineoplastic regimen for adjuvant chemotherapy of colorectal cancer. As it sometimes produces upper gastrointestinal symptoms such as anorexia, nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain, medication should be stopped transiently or dosage reduced. UFT-E, an enteric coated granule of UFT was introduced to reduce UGI toxicity. We analyzed the toxicity of UFT and UFT-E prospectively for the purpose of comparison between the two types. METHODS: The toxicity of UFT and UFT-E were evaluated in 83 patients (UFT; 45, UFT-E; 38) with colorectal cancer who underwent curative surgery according to the WHO toxicity criteria. All patients were selected consecutively with patients' approval and by the "Institutional Review Board, Asan Medical Center". RESULTS: The toxicity incidence in UFT-E group was slightly less than that in UFT group without statistical significance. The severity of toxicity seemed to be mild within grade 1 or 2 and most of them toxicity self-limiting. The regimen was completely interrupted in 9 patients (20%) in the UFT group, 3 patients (7.9%) in the UFT-E group due to severe UGI symptoms, prolonged leukopenia, derrangement of liver function and skin rash. CONCLUSIONS: Toxicity rate of UFT-E was not higher than that of UFT. But we cannot prove superiority of UFT-E on UGI toxicity. Oral UFT-E can be administered safely on an outpatient basis without lethal toxicity requiring hospitalization.
Abdominal Pain ; Anorexia ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Chungcheongnam-do ; Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Exanthema ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Incidence ; Leukopenia ; Liver ; Nausea ; Outpatients ; Prospective Studies ; Vomiting

Neonatal diabetes mellitus can be categorized as transient, permanent, or syndromic, and approximately half of the cases are transient. We present a case involving a term newborn who showed overt progression of transient neonatal diabetes mellitus, with complete remission within 6 months. On the second day of life, the patient presented with tachypnea, hyperglycemia, and decreased serum levels of C-peptide and insulin. Continuous subcutaneous infusion of insulin and continuous glucose monitoring were well tolerated. The patient showed a normal growth pattern, with no hyperglycemic or hypoglycemic episodes at 6 months of age. As it is rare and often asymptomatic, hyperglycemia may be attributed to various factors, including intrauterine environment, perinatal stress, and diverse genetic background. Therefore, consistent blood glucose monitoring and prompt early insulin therapy are crucial for any term newborns with persistent hyperglycemia, to prevent further diabetic complications. Moreover, continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion and the utilization of continuous glucose monitoring devices are the most effective and practical management strategies.

Neonatal diabetes mellitus can be categorized as transient, permanent, or syndromic, and approximately half of the cases are transient. We present a case involving a term newborn who showed overt progression of transient neonatal diabetes mellitus, with complete remission within 6 months. On the second day of life, the patient presented with tachypnea, hyperglycemia, and decreased serum levels of C-peptide and insulin. Continuous subcutaneous infusion of insulin and continuous glucose monitoring were well tolerated. The patient showed a normal growth pattern, with no hyperglycemic or hypoglycemic episodes at 6 months of age. As it is rare and often asymptomatic, hyperglycemia may be attributed to various factors, including intrauterine environment, perinatal stress, and diverse genetic background. Therefore, consistent blood glucose monitoring and prompt early insulin therapy are crucial for any term newborns with persistent hyperglycemia, to prevent further diabetic complications. Moreover, continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion and the utilization of continuous glucose monitoring devices are the most effective and practical management strategies.