Granulocytic sarcoma is a rare localized tumor composed of granulocytic precusor cells. Granu-locytic sarcoma occurs in a variety of clinical conditions and it is often misdiagnosed histologically. Differential diagnosis frorh lymphoma or nonhematopoietic malignancies such as undifferentiated carcinoma or sarcoma is difficult in the routing histologic examination. An evaluation of clinical and histopathologic features was done on 4 cases of granulocytic sarcoma which were diagnosed at Pusan Paik Hospital from 1988 to 1992. During the period, 282 cases of myelogenous leukemia were diagnosed. Immunohistochemical reaction for lysozyme, myelopero-xidase, leukocyte common antigen, epthelial membrane antigen and cytokeratin was assessed comparing to lymphoma and undifferentiated carcinoma. The histologic features of the granulocytic sarcoma revealed thin nuclear membrane, fine chromatin pattern and one or two small nucleoli. It also often involved the vascular wall and infiltrated the native structures without destruction. Immunohistochemical stain revealed that all(4 cases) of granulocytic sarcoma showed diffuse and strong positivity for myeloperoxidase, and partial but strong positivity for lysozyme. One case of granulocytic sarcoma was negative and 3 cases revealed focal positive reaction for LCA, and all 4 cases was negative for cytokeratin and EMA. In summary, careful observation under light microscopy with immunohistochemical stain for myeloperoxidase, lysozyme, and LCA is helpful in the differential diagnosis of granulocytic sarcoma from malignant lymphoma and cytokeratin and EMA is useful for differential diagnosis from undifferentiated carcinoma.
Diagnosis, Differential

The aim of the present study is to demonstrate the usefulness of intraoperative fine needle aspiration (FNA) of pancreatic lesions in 30 patients. A conclusive diagnosis was done in 27 patients and the diagnoses of three patients were deferred. No complications followed the procedure. Based on histologic findings of the resected specimens in 20 cases and of cell blocks in 10 cases, the final diagnoses were adenocarcinoma in 19 cases, chronic pancreatitis in nine cases and tuberculosis in two cases. The sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy were 95%, 100% and 96% resepectively and there were no false positives. The smear of aspirate was stained with toluidine blue and examined by light microscope. The presence of there-dimensional clusters of disoriented cells and the increased nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio with large prominent nucleoli were the most helpful criteria for a diagnosis of malignancy in the pancreas. The intraoperative FNA of pancreatic lesions was considered as a simple, safe, and highly specific and sensitive tool in differentiating benign from malignant lesions. The intraoperative FNA can be recommended as the first tool of choice of intraoperative diagnostic procedure in lesions of the pancreas.
Child ; Male ; Female ; Humans ; Adenocarcinoma

Sirenomelia is a severe form of caudal regression syndrome that results in a fusion of the lower extremities, which is not compatible with life. A various spectrum of anomalies affecting primarily the musculoskeletal, genitourinary and gastrointestinal systems also can occur. This rare malformation has a reported incidence rate of approximately 1 in 60,000 births, with a range of 1 to 1 percent of all malformed infants. We experienced a sirenomelic case with combined anomalies of genitourinary, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal systems. Maternal obstetric history revealed oligohydramnios and intrauterine fetal growth retardation, and the baby was spontaneously delivered at 37 weeks of gestational age, but died I hour after birth.
Infant ; Male ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence

No abstract available.
Esophageal Atresia*

No abstract available.
Neurofibromatoses* ; Pseudarthrosis* ; Ulna*

No abstract available.
Interleukin-6* ; Rabbits*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Interleukin-6* ; Nephritis* ; Purpura, Schoenlein-Henoch*

Histologic changes suggesting HPV infection are occasionally found adjacent to squamous cell carcinoma or in squamous papilloma of the esophagus, but the relationship between HPV infection and benign and malignant squamous lesions of the esophagus is not yet dear. The aim of this study was to examine the role of HPV in squamous lesions of the esophagus. Microscopic examination with emphasis on HPV infection was done on 15 cases of squamous cell carcinoma and 26 cases of squamous papilloma. In situ hybridization technique for wide-spectrum HPV probe was performed on 35 endoscopically biopsied esophageal tissues. Among the histologic parameters suggesting HPV infection, acanthosis was the most frequent finding: 100.0% in benign and malignant esophageal lesions, and koilocytosis and intraepithelial capillary loops were the second (92.7%).: Dyskeratosis, basal cell hyperplasia and bi- or multinucleation were 52.3%, 44.0% and 34.1% in frequency, respectively. On in situ hybridization study, the HPV DNA expression rates of 10 squamous cell carcinomas with evidence of HPV infection and 15 carcinomas without evidence of HPV infection were 60.0% and 33.3%, respectively. In contrast to the carcinoma cases, only one (10.0%) of 10 squamous papillomas revealed positive signal. In conclusion, HPV infection is strongly associated with squamous cell carcinoma, but the causal relation of HPV to squamous papilloma is inconspicous.
DNA, Viral/*analysis ; Esophageal Neoplasms/pathology/*virology ; Human ; *In Situ Hybridization ; Neoplasms, Squamous Cell/pathology/*virology ; Papillomavirus, Human/genetics/*isolation & purification ; Papovaviridae Infections/pathology/*virology ; Tumor Virus Infections/pathology/*virology

Histologic changes suggesting HPV infection are occasionally found adjacent to squamous cell carcinoma or in squamous papilloma of the esophagus, but the relationship between HPV infection and benign and malignant squamous lesions of the esophagus is not yet dear. The aim of this study was to examine the role of HPV in squamous lesions of the esophagus. Microscopic examination with emphasis on HPV infection was done on 15 cases of squamous cell carcinoma and 26 cases of squamous papilloma. In situ hybridization technique for wide-spectrum HPV probe was performed on 35 endoscopically biopsied esophageal tissues. Among the histologic parameters suggesting HPV infection, acanthosis was the most frequent finding: 100.0% in benign and malignant esophageal lesions, and koilocytosis and intraepithelial capillary loops were the second (92.7%).: Dyskeratosis, basal cell hyperplasia and bi- or multinucleation were 52.3%, 44.0% and 34.1% in frequency, respectively. On in situ hybridization study, the HPV DNA expression rates of 10 squamous cell carcinomas with evidence of HPV infection and 15 carcinomas without evidence of HPV infection were 60.0% and 33.3%, respectively. In contrast to the carcinoma cases, only one (10.0%) of 10 squamous papillomas revealed positive signal. In conclusion, HPV infection is strongly associated with squamous cell carcinoma, but the causal relation of HPV to squamous papilloma is inconspicous.
DNA, Viral/*analysis ; Esophageal Neoplasms/pathology/*virology ; Human ; *In Situ Hybridization ; Neoplasms, Squamous Cell/pathology/*virology ; Papillomavirus, Human/genetics/*isolation & purification ; Papovaviridae Infections/pathology/*virology ; Tumor Virus Infections/pathology/*virology

Papillary renal cell carcinoma(RCC) is an uncommon subtype of RCC that has distinctive gross, histologic, and cytogenetic features. The cytologic features of FNA are abundant papillary clusters and relatively few single cells. The cells are usually small and contain uniform nuclei; numerous macrophages with foamy cytoplasm are often found in the background. We describe a case of papillary renal cell carcinoma evaluated by fine needle aspiration cytology(FNAC) in a 42 year-old man. The smear showed a few papillary clusters and numerous macrophages with foamy cytoplasm in the background. With adequate cellularity, papillary RCC can be distinguished reliably from non-papillary RCC by FNAC.
Adult ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle* ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Cytogenetics ; Cytoplasm ; Humans ; Macrophages