The chest radiographs and angiograms were retrospectively evaluated in 47 patients with pulmonary atresia (PA) and ventricular septal defect (VSD) to determine the characteristic findings of major aortopulmonary collateral arteries (MAPCSs) on the chest radiographs. Of 47 patients, 23 had MAPCAs and 24 had only PDA for blood supply of whole right and left lung. Chest radiographs enabled identification of 16 of 23 patients with MAPCAs. The most common finding of MAPCAs was inappropriately large peripheral pulmonary vasculature (n=16, 69.6%). The other findings were tortuosity of pulmonary vasculature (n=12, 52.2%), focal unevendistribution of pulmonary vasculature (n=12, 52.2%), and two descending pulmonary arteries (n=4, 17.4%). When chest radiographs showed two or more findings of MAPCAs, MAPCAs could be differentiated from PDA with statistical significance (p<0.005). It is concluded that chest radiographs may help to identify MAPCAs before angiography if two-dimensional echo ardiography suggests PA with VSD.
Angiography ; Arteries* ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular* ; Humans ; Lung ; Pulmonary Artery ; Pulmonary Atresia* ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Retrospective Studies ; Thorax*

No abstract available.
Umbilical Cord*

OBJECTIVES: We compared the characteristics of the pain threshold and pain experience between demented group and non-demented group. METHODS: This study was part of Gangwon projects for early detection of dementia in 2010. We recruited 8302 local resident ages over 65 years old. Of theses, 1259 people who scored low MMSE were selected and 365 of them completed CERAD-K(Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's disease). Finally, 90 in non-demented group and 57 in demented group(mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease) were analyzed. Pain threshold was experimentally measured by pressure algometer and we investigated the pain experience, by Brief pain inventory (BPI), a self-report test. RESULTS: In the demographic characteristics, there are more female, higher ages, lower education in the demented group. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the pain threshold. On the BPI results, 'shoulder pain', 'the number of pain' and 'interference of working' were significantly more prevalent in non-demented group. However, there are no significant differences between the groups in the 'pain severity', 'prevalence of pain' and 'pain treatment'. CONCLUSIONS: Demented group report less pain experience but, still perceived pain. It support previous studies that patient with dementia have increased pain tolerance but preserved pain threshold. Thus, active pain assessment and treatment for patients with dementia is needed.
Aged* ; Dementia* ; Education ; Female ; Gangwon-do ; Humans ; Pain Measurement ; Pain Threshold*

PURPOSE: This study was performed to examine if CT classification of renal blunt injury could aid in expectation of hemodynamic stability and clinical decision of whether to intervene surgically. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Over a 80-month period between July 1987 and March 1994, 41 patients were admitted to our hospital with the diagnosis of renal blunt injury. The renal blunt injuries were classified on Fedede's three-point scale CT classification methods :grade I, contusion, intrarenal hematoma, segmental infarction, and small subcapsular hematoma;grade II, complete or incomplete laceration, large subcapsular hematoma, and renal fracture;grade Ill, shattered kidney and renal pedicle injury. Hemodynamic stability, treatment method and clinical outcome of the patients with different CT grade were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: All 34 patients with grade I or II CT findings were hemodynamically stable and were successfully managed with conservative method. Among 7 patients with grade III CT findings, 6 patients were hemodynamically unstable. Out of the 6, One patient with grade IIIb or renal pedicle injury was expired before surgical intervention due to ischemic shock. Four patients were intervened surgically with one failure to thrive. The remaining one patient refused to be intervened surgically, and was discharged against medical advice. Only one out of 7 patients was hemodynamically stable and was managed conservatively. CONCLUSION: The patients with grade I or II CT findings are prone to be hemodynamically stable and to be managed with conservative method. But the patients with grade III CT findings are more likely to be hemodynamically unstable. Therefore patients with grade III CT findings should be closely monitored and be pre- pared for the possibility of immediate surgical intervention
Classification* ; Contusions ; Diagnosis ; Failure to Thrive ; Hematoma ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Infarction ; Kidney ; Lacerations ; Retrospective Studies ; Shock ; Wounds, Nonpenetrating

The antiarrhythmic efficacy if low dose amiodarone treatment was studied in 30 cases of ventricular premature beats(VPBs). Amiodarone was administered 600mg daily in three divided doses for for initial 7-10 days as loadihg dosage,then 100-200mg once daily as maintenance. The results obtained were as follow : 1) The complete control of VPBs was achieved by amiodarone treatment in 90%, 27cases of 30 cases(all 11 cases with simple VPBs and 16 cases of the remainders with complex VPBs). 2) The QT interval and QTc were significantly prolonged, whereas heart rate was reduced significantly after amiodarone treatment. 3) In 27 cases of responder, the frequency of VPBs began to decrease overtly 2-3 days after amiodarone administration, then relatively stablized in 6 days, and complete cnotrol of VPBs was achieved in all cases about 10 days after treatment. 4) No significant side-reaction was observed except the decrease of serm T3 level after treatment.
Amiodarone* ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac* ; Heart Rate ; Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators

Fourty three patients with tuberculous spondylitis were surgically treated through the anterior approach at our hospital from January, 1989 to December, 1994. Among them, 32 cases were followed up more than 18 months postoperatively, and were included in this study. The most prevalent location was lumbar region(50%). Paraparesis was frequently seen in patients with middle and lower thoracic spinal lesions and all patients with neurologic deficits improved after decompression of spinal cord. Autogenous rib and/or iliac strut bone grafting was performed, followed by spinal instrumentation. Solid bone fusion was obtained in all patients. There was no need for prolongation of duration of antituberculous drug therapy and no increased incidence of secondary infection due to spinal instrumentation.
Bone Transplantation ; Coinfection ; Decompression ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Incidence ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Paraparesis ; Ribs ; Spinal Cord ; Spondylitis*

No abstract available.
Eosinophils* ; Gyeongsangbuk-do* ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E* ; Skin*

The following is a retrospective study on the results of anterior spinal surgery with Kaneda II instrumentation and surgical Titanium MESH after thoracolumbar unstable spinal injuries. From July 1994 to June 1995, we operated on 14 patients at the Chosun University Kwang Yang hospital. Fourteen patients were followed for at least three months. Anterior spinal surgery was performed on the patients who had thoracolumbar unstable spine injuries. The procedure consisted of anterior decompression through corpectomy and stabilization with Kaneda II instrumentation and surgical Titanium MESH which was impacked with resected bone chip. Most of patients had demonstrated showed neurological improvement, relief of pain, immediate stabilization and early return to normal activities. Radiologic evaluation showed the correction of the fracture deformity with satisfactory outcome postoperatively.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Decompression* ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Injuries ; Spine* ; Titanium*

Menigioma arising from the orbit is uncommonly encountered. Ectopic(extradural) meningiomas are exceedingly rare orbital tumors that do not originate from either the optic nerve or the intracranial meninges. We present a case of probable primary ectopic(extradural) orbital meningioma that was successfully treated with a complete surgical excision.
Meninges ; Meningioma* ; Optic Nerve ; Orbit