No abstract available.
Denture, Partial, Removable*

PURPOSE: This study was done to investigate the correlation among emotional labor, nursing professional values, and job satisfaction and identify factors that affect job satisfaction of nurses working in small and medium-sized hospitals. METHODS: Data were collected from 214 nurses in S city. The following measurement tools were used: Emotional labor by Morris et al. (1996), Nursing Professional Values Scale by Yeun et al. (2005), and Index of Work Satisfaction by Stamps et al. (1978). Collected data were analyzed with SPSS/WIN 18.0 using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple regression. RESULTS: Participants' scores for emotional labor, nursing professional values and job satisfaction were 3.11+/-0.48, 3.46+/-0.39, and 3.02+/-0.29 respectively. Emotional labor showed a negative correlation with job satisfaction (r=-.33, p<.001), while nursing professional values showed a positive correlation with job satisfaction (r=.58, p<.001). Emotional labor and nursing professional values were identified as factors influencing job satisfaction. The model explained about 39% of the variance in job satisfaction (F=67.40, p<.001). CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that it is important to manage emotional labor as well as to improve professional values and job satisfaction of nurses working in small and medium-sized hospital.
Job Satisfaction* ; Nursing*

To determine the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension we performed cross-sectional study in a rural area. We measured BP and body mass index(BMI), and interviewed adult residents over 30-year-old age. 337 males and 357 females participated the survey. BP was checked twice and the mean was used to determine age and sex specific mean BP and prevalence of hypertension. Prevalence of definite hypertension(BP>or=160/95 or on medication) was 14. 0% in males and 17. 7% in females. Risk factor for hypertension was analysed by multiple logistic regression; age (10years: OR=l. 7) and BMI(1 BMI unit: OR=l. 2) were positively associated with hypertension but smoking(1 pack year: OR=0.9) was shown to have inverse relationship.
Adult* ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension* ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Prevalence* ; Risk Factors

Objective : The aim of this study was to evaluate cross - reactivity between pollens in patients with strong skin reactivity to multiple pollens. METHODS: A pool of sera from 20 patients who showed strong skin responses( > or = 3+ ) to all three kinds of pollens ( tree, grass, and weed ) was used. Oak, ryegrass, mugwort, ragweed and hop Japanese pollens were chosen for the subject of study. The level and pattern of bound IgE to each pollen and cross - reactivity between pollens were investigated by ELISA and immunoblot experiments. RESULTS: In ELISA, the IgE of a pool of sera reacted to ryegrass and ragweed in 100%, to mugwort in 95%, to oak in 75%, and to hop Japanese in 65%, respectively. In inhibitory ELI - SA, more than 50% of bound IgE was mutually inhibited in oak vs ryegrass, oak vs mugwort, mugwort vs ryegrass and mugwort vs hop Japanese. In immunoblot, the IgE binding rate to major allergens of each pollen was 95% for hop Japanese, 75% for ragweed, 50% for ryegrass, 35% for mugwort, and 30% for oak, respectively. In inhibitory immunoblot, the mutually inhibited bound IgE could not be observed between major allergens of each pollen, but some minor allergens of oak pollen were mutually inhibited by ryegrass. CONCLUSION: Cross - reactivity between major allergens of oak, ryegrass, mugwort, ragweed and hop Japanese pollens was not observed at all, but some minor allergens of oak pollen cross-reacted with ryegrass and mugwort, and so did those of mugwort pollen with ryegrass and hop Japanese.
Allergens ; Ambrosia ; Artemisia ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Humans ; Humulus ; Immunoglobulin E ; Lolium ; Poaceae ; Pollen* ; Skin

No abstract available.
Leukemia*

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to expand nurse's experience of harmful work environments. METHODS: Data were collected through in-depth dividual interviews and analyzed using Colaizzi phenomenological analysis methodology. RESULTS: Harmful work environments experienced by nurses were categorized as followed: ‘Neglect concerning infections’, ‘Being thrown into a violent working environment’, ‘The hard times of being alone’, ‘Struggling with the harmful work environments’. CONCLUSION: The results of this study provide a deep understanding of the harmful work environments. It is necessary to create safe work environments and it is important to improve awareness in the system of organizations as well as individuals. Also, it is necessary to develop tools to measure work environment including risk factors.
Risk Factors

No abstract available.
Follow-Up Studies* ; Korea* ; Rural Population*

Background: To determine the benefit of pelvic floor muscle exercise with visual biofeedback on promoting patient recovery from incontinence, we investigated variables associated with the early restoration of continence for patients who underwent robot-assisted radical prostatectomy. Methods: Of the 83 patients enrolled, 41 consecutive patients completed pelvic floor muscle exercise (the exercise group), and the other 42 consecutive patients just before the pelvic floor muscle exercise program commenced (the control group). The primary outcome was whether pelvic floor muscle exercise engagement was associated with zero pad continence restoration within 3 months of surgery. Results: Continence restoration percentages (defined as zero pads used per day) at 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery were 49.4%, 77.1%, and 94.0%, respectively. The exercise group achieved significantly higher recovery rates at 1 month (p=0.037), 3 months (p<0.001), and 6 months (p=0.023). Cox regression analysis demonstrated that a lower Gleason score (<8; hazard ratio, 2.167), lower prostate specific antigen (<20 ng/dL; hazard ratio, 2.909), and engagement in pelvic floor muscle exercise (hazard ratio, 3.731) were independent predictors of early recovery from postprostatectomy incontinence. Stratification by age showed that those younger than 65 years did not benefit significantly from exercise (log-rank test, p=0.08), but that their elderly counterparts, aged 65–70 years (p=0.007) and >70 years old (p=0.002) benefited significantly. Conclusion This study suggests that postoperative engagement in pelvic floor muscle exercise with biofeedback speeds up the recovery of continence in elderly patients (≥65 years old) that undergo robot-assisted radical prostatectomy.

Subcutaneous emphysema is a rare complication of maxillofacial and dental surgery, and may be life-threatening because it can rapidly spread to the scalp, neck, and chest. We report a case of severe subcutaneous emphysema with pneumomediastinum during restorative dentistry in a child with difficulty in communication. The patient was hospitalized for conservative treatment and discharged after complete recovery as a result of timely diagnosis and treatment. Dentists and pediatricians should be aware of potential subcutaneous emphysema during dental treatment, with careful monitoring to ensure prompt diagnosis and treatment.
Child ; Dentistry ; Dentists ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Mediastinal Emphysema ; Neck ; Oral Surgical Procedures ; Pediatrics ; Scalp ; Subcutaneous Emphysema ; Thorax ; Tooth Extraction

Purpose: This study aimed to develop a nursing work environment scale for clinical nurses and to verify its validity and reliability. Methods: The initial items comprised individual interviews with eleven clinical nurses. The content validity of the initial items was evaluated twice by nine experts, while 37 preliminary items were reviewed through pilot tests with 20 nurses and cognitive interviews with five nurses. The survey data were collected from 353 clinical nurses working at general hospitals. Results: In the exploratory factor analysis, the number of factors was determined through parallel analysis, scree test, and cumulative variance ratio. Consequently, 23 items and three factors were thus composed, yielding a total cumulative variance ratio of 91.3%. The finalized 20 items of the final three factors were subjected to a confirmatory factor analysis, which led to the validation of the three subscales model. The three sub-factors were composed of nurse manager competency, nurse safety management system, and a nurse support system. Conclusion This scale is expected to be useful for evaluating the nursing work environment of clinical nurses by verifying its reliability and validity through various methods.