In spite of continuing efforts by many researchers and clinicians to improve oral functio, the number of patients with missing teeth resulting from periodnotitis and dental caries has not substantially decreased in Korea. Patients who use removable denture have relatively insufficient masticatory function. Various dental implants have been developed by a number of researchers to improve masticatory function. This study was undertaken to investigate the maximum bite force and masticatory function after implantatioin. A total 23 patients were treated with implantation at the Dept. of oral and maxillofacial surgery, college of Dentistry, PUSAN national university. The patient had natural tooth, the contralateral sides had implant-supported prostheses. The results were follows 1. The maximum bite force was little greater in implant-supported prostheses as 39.7kg than natural tooth as 36.8kg. This is because of the lack of periodontal ligament or inhibitory-reflex mechanism, higher maximal bite force could be expected when teeth are replaced by implants. 2. The maximal bite force is greater on implant-supported prostheses than natural tooth, but the masticatory function is higher at natural tooth. All of the patients who had implant-supported prostheses were comfortable during chewing the food. But, the masticatory function decrease because of psychologic problem and character of Korean food.
Bite Force* ; Busan ; Dental Caries ; Dental Implantation* ; Dental Implants* ; Dentistry ; Dentures ; Humans ; Korea ; Mastication ; Periodontal Ligament ; Prostheses and Implants ; Surgery, Oral ; Tooth

The 1224 cataractous patients who had extracapsular cataract extraction and posterior chamber lens implantations were evaluated retrospectively irrespective of style, postoperative position of intraocular lens and surgeon. The 100 cataractous patients who had extracapsular cataract extraction and posterior chamber lens implantations in the bag accurately using single lens style by one surgeon(E.H.L) were evaluated prospectively. And then the predictive accuracy of the SRK/T intraocular lens power calculation formula was compared with other formulas (SRK, SRKII and Holladay) without consideration of individual A constant. The SRK/T formula was more accurate than other 3 formulas in all axial length, but there were no significant differences statistically. Especially for short and long eyes, SRK/T formula was more accurate than other 3 formulas.

The purpose of this study was to identify the degree of sexual adjustment and quality of life in married men with spinal cord injuries and to furnish primary data to sexuality rehabilitation nursing practice which can lead to ideal sexual life and quality of life those men with SCl. Seventy married men with SCI were conveniently sampled in Kwangju, Suncheon, Mokpo and Seoul for responding the questionnaire, which was based on this research. With the research scale, SIS(Sexual interest and satisfaction) by Siosteen et al.. (1990) and SB(Sexual behaviour) by Kreuter et al.(1996) were used for the measurement of sexual adjustment. And, for measuring quality of life was used SCI QL-23(Spinal cord injury of life-23) scale by Lundqvist et al. (1997). Data were collected from January 20 to March 20, 1999, using a structured questionnaire. A hundred volumes of questionnaire were used, and 85 volumes were collected, 70 volumes were used as research data after excluding 15 volumes unsuitable to data analysis. The obtain data were analysed using percentage, t-test. ANOVA. Duncan test, and Pearson's correlation by SAS PC+ program. The results were as follows: 1. The mean score of sexual interest and satisfaction of the subjects was 8.42, out of 18. The ways of their sexual behavior after spinal cord injuries were embracing and caressing (62.9%), kissing(58.6%), caressing breast with hands (55.7%), caressing breast with hands (52.9%), caressing genitals with hands (37.2%), caressing genitals with mouth(30.0%) and sexual intercourse (18.6%). The mean score of quality of life was 52.53 out of 100. 2. Age(F=3.24. p= .045) and caregiver (F=4.02. p=.022)were major variables which reveals significant differences in terms for sexual interest and satisfaction. The later results on Duncan's test showed that subjects who were in their 30s or 40s were significant higher than subjects whose age were in their 50s in their sexual interest and satisfaction. Also subjects with their spouse's care or mother's care were higher than those with other's care. 3. Subjects with incomplete paraplegia were higher than those with the complete paraplegia in sexual interest and satisfaction(F=3.01. p= .036). 4. Variables that showed the significant differences in the quality of life were education(t=2.860. p= .007) and period of marriage(t=2.125. p=.037). and occupational status(t=-2.161. p=.034). High school graduates. those who married before spinal cord injuries and those who didn't have occupation were higher than the other subjects. 5. Variables that revealed significant differences in the quality of life were time passage after spinal cord injuries(F=8.72. p=.001) and injured level of spinal cord(F=3.32. p= .042). Duncan's test showed that subjects who had lived for less than 4 years were higher those with time passage of 5-9 years and 10 years. Also subjects with lumbar injuries were higher than those with thoracic injuries in terms of quality of life. 6. There was negatively correlated between sexual interest and satisfaction and quality of life(r=- .256. p .05). As a result of these findings sexuality rehabilitation for individuals with SCI was very important issue for their quality of life. Thus, registered nurses who care clients with SCI should activily participate in the client's sexual needs. Also, various sexual behaviors as well as sexual intercourse should be encouraged for the sexual adjustment of client's with SCI.
Breast ; Caregivers ; Coitus ; Gwangju ; Hand ; Humans ; Jeollanam-do ; Male ; Occupations ; Paraplegia ; Quality of Life* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Rehabilitation ; Rehabilitation Nursing ; Seoul ; Sexual Behavior ; Sexuality ; Spinal Cord Injuries* ; Spinal Cord* ; Statistics as Topic ; Thoracic Injuries

Asphyxia is the most important perinatal cause of neurologic morbidity in infants. Recently, elevated levels of CK-BB have been demonstrated in serum after asphyxic insult in infants. To evaluate the possibility of using serial measurements of CK-BB activity as a diagnostic method and a predictor of neurologic outcome in asphyxiatic infants. We studied CK-BB activity in serum of asphyxiated infants (16 preterm babies, 41 term babies) and healthy infants (11 preterm babies, 12 term babies) from birth (cord) to 5 days of serially. The results were as follows 1) Serum CK-BB activites (cord 76.0IU/L, 12 hours 34.1 IU/L, 1 day 22.4 IU/L, 2 days 8.2 IU/L) of asphyxiated preterm infants were much higher than those (cord 4.4IU/L, 12 hours 2.4IU/L, 1 day 1.6 IU/L, 2 days 1.1 IU/L) of healthy preterm infants, but there were no significant differences (P values>0.05). 2) Serum CK-BB activities (cord 59.0 IU/L, 12 hours 23.6 IU/L, day 17.6 IU/L) of asphyxiated term infants were significantly higher than those (cord 2.4 IU/L, 12 hours 2.7 IU/L, 1 day 0.4 IU/L) of healthy term infants (P values<0.05) 3) There were no significant differences in serum CK-BB activities between asphyxiated preterm infants who showed late neurologic deficits (P values>0.05) 4) Serum CK-BB activity (131.7 IU/L) at birth (cord) of asphyxiated term infants who showed late neurologic deficits was significantly higher than that (49.8 IU/L) of asphyxiated term infants who did not show late neurologic deficits (P value<0.05) In conclusion, it is suggested that serial measurement of CK-BB activity in serum of asphyxiated term infants from birth (cord) to 1 day of age is an available test for diagnosis of neonatal asphyxia and for a prediction of neurologic outcome of neonatal asphyxia.
Asphyxia ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Infant* ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Parturition

BACKGROUND: The reproducibility in grading a cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) are not perfect. The aim of this study was to assess the value of the immunohistochemical expression of p63 and the other biomarkers for grading a CIN (dysplasia and in situ carcinoma), and diagnosing invasive carcinomas. METHODS: Sixty six cervical specimens were immunostained with the monoclonal antibodies against p63, Ki-67, p27Kip1, and p53 to determine the localization. RESULTS: The p63 positive cells are well linked with squamous cell maturation and the degree of dysplasia. In mild dysplasia, the p63 positive cells were localized to the basal and parabasal cells, which gradually extended into the middle and upper layers in moderate and severe dysplasia. p63 expression was strong in immature squamous epithelium and invasive squamous cells, but was constantly absent in an adenocarcinoma. The Ki-67 positive cells were scattered from the parabasal cells to the superficial cells in accordance with the degree of dysplasia. p27Kip1 expression was noted in the intermediate cells in the normal cervix. In CIN, the p27Kip1 positive nuclei tended to extend to the basal cells, but it showed no diagnostic consistency in an invasive carcinoma. p53 expression was also variable. CONCLUSION: p63 is a useful diagnostic adjunct for grading CIN as well as for detecting microinvasion and squamous differentiation in invasive carcinoma. However, immunohistochemical expressions for the p27Kip1 and p53 have no correlation with the grade of CIN and squamous cell carcinoma.
Adenocarcinoma ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Biomarkers ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ; Cervix Uteri ; Epithelium ; Female ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

Spondylolisthesis has been become of considerable causative disease for low back pain in orthopedic field recently. Twenty-seven patients with spondylolisthesis, who were taken operation during a 7-year period from Jan. 1978 to Dec. 1984 at Department of Orthopedic Surgery of Presbyterian Medical Center, were studied and analized on clinical and radiological aspects and the results of obtained were as follows: 1. The averake age was 41.7 years with a range of 20 to 63 years, and the incidence was more common in female than male in all types. 2. By Wiltse's classification, isthmic type was most common and 19 patients were included and level of spondylolisthesis was common at fourth lumbar vertebra in degenerative type and fifth lumbar vertebra in isthmic type. 3. By Meyerding's grading, 14 patients (52%) were Grade 1, which was most common and the slipping measured by Taillard's method was most common with a range 10% to 19%, which included 13 patients (48%) and average slipping was 21.4%. 4. Meschan's angle was ranged from 5° to 19° with an average of 13.3°. 5. Myelogram was done in 13 patients and 9 of them showed positive findings. 6. Spina bifida was most common developmental abnormal finding and 11 patients (41%) were included. 7. Posterolateral fusion was done in 24 patients and anterior interbody fusion was done in 3 patients. 8. 24 patients who had taken posterolateral fusion were permitted to ambulate early at 2 weeks with Norton-Brown back brace. 9. After over a year follow-up, 23(85%) of 27 patients had satisfactory result. 10. After follow-up, 21(88%) of 24 patients who had taken posterolateral fusion had successful fusion.
Braces ; Classification ; Clinical Study ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Low Back Pain ; Male ; Methods ; Orthopedics ; Protestantism ; Spinal Dysraphism ; Spine ; Spondylolisthesis

The Ehlers-Danlos syndrome is a familial disorder of connective tissue, and seven distinct clinical forms are reported. Author experienced two cases of the type 3 Ehlers-Danlos syndrome which present hypermobility of the joints, asymmetry of the thorax, anomalies of the thoracic spine, and flatfoot. So, we report these patients with references.
Connective Tissue ; Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome ; Flatfoot ; Humans ; Joints ; Spine ; Thorax

The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of foot reflexology on premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea in female college students. The research design of this study was a quasi-experimental design. Of the forty female college students, twenty were assigned to the experimental group and, twenty to the control group. The data were obtained over 2 months(November 26, 2001 to January 31, 2002) from a nursing of C college located in S city. The instrument used to assess premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea was Keele?s VAS(Visual Analogue Scale) and opening records. Subjects in the experimental group received foot reflexology for 6 times with 1 hours during 60 days, and subjects assigned to the control group did not receive foot reflexology. Data were analysed with percentage, mean, standard deviation, X(2)-test, unpaired t-test, and repeated measure ANOVA, using SAS Program. The results of the study are as follow, 1.The symptoms which the group of experimental and the group of control discomforts the most are sensitiveness(35%), abdominal pain (30%),lower abdominal pain (30%) and lumbago (20%). The method of relieve premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea by which the subjects employ the most to solve their premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea is the getting along by enduring(67.5%) and bed rest (32.5%). 2.The mean score of the premenstrual syndromes and dysmenorrhea before foot reflexology was 8.35, it was 4.16 at the first menstruation after foot reflexology and 3.25 at the second menstruation for the experimental group. 3.The relieved symptoms after foot reflexology was fatigue(50%), insomnia(40%), abdominal pain(35%), lower abdominal pain (30%) and constipation(30%). Foot reflexology was effective in improve the symptoms of the female college students who have the premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea.
Abdominal Pain ; Bed Rest ; Dysmenorrhea* ; Female ; Female* ; Foot* ; Humans ; Low Back Pain ; Massage* ; Menstruation ; Nursing ; Premenstrual Syndrome* ; Research Design

No abstract available.
Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy*

No abstract available.