No abstract available.
Humans

No abstract available.
Humans

Objectives: It is crucial to establish the characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreaks at army training centers to develop preventive measures. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the COVID-19 transmission patterns and risk factors in a sequence of outbreaks at an army training center from June to August 2021. Methods: This study included 1,324 trainees at an army training center where outbreaks occurred from June to August 2021. The outbreak was qualitatively analyzed according to the period, attack rate, demographic characteristics, vaccination history, and living areas. An aerodynamic experiment was performed to evaluate aerosol transmission in living areas. Results: Three outbreaks occurred at the army training center from June to August 2021. The first, second, and third outbreaks lasted for 32, 17, and 24 days, and the attack rates were 12.8%, 18.1%, and 8.9%, respectively. Confirmed cases were distributed in all age groups. Recruits and the unvaccinated were at higher risk for COVID-19. The aerodynamic experiment verified the possibility of aerosol transmission within the same living area. Conclusion COVID-19 transmission at army training centers should be minimized through quarantine and post-admission testing during the latency period as part of integrated measures that include facility ventilation, vaccination, indoor mask-wearing, and social distancing.

Dry mouth is a common symptom in over middle- aged women. Xerostomia itself can be caused by multifactorial etiolgy. Dry mouth may occur with the use of medications, as a complication of connective tissue and autoimmune disease, such as Sjogren's syndrome or sicca syndrome, with radiation therapy to the head and neck or diabetes mellitus, or with a number of other condition. Even stress and anxiety can lead to a dry mouth. Also, Abnormal liver function is associated with drugs, viral infection, alcohol, obesity, autoimmne disease and a number of other disease. A 41-year-old women complaining of xerostomia and known abnormal liver fuction since 1 year was admitted to our medical examination center. In this case, Final diagnosis was systemic lupus erythematosus with autoimmune hepatitis and secondary Sjogren's syndrome through characteristic clinical finding, liver biopsy, positive Schirmer's test, salivary gland biopsy, and salivary scintigraphy. The various immunosuppresant medication has taken and then liver function indices and clinical symptoms were improved.
Adult ; Anxiety ; Autoimmune Diseases ; Biopsy ; Connective Tissue ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Head ; Hepatitis, Autoimmune ; Humans ; Liver* ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic* ; Mouth ; Neck ; Obesity ; Radionuclide Imaging ; Salivary Glands ; Sjogren's Syndrome ; Xerostomia*