No abstract available.
Pilomatrixoma* ; Vaccination*

No abstract available.
Erythema Multiforme* ; Erythema* ; Pemphigoid, Bullous*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Mycosis Fungoides* ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing* ; Infliximab

No abstract available.
Foot* ; Neuroma*

BACKGROUND: The internet is a growing source of information for patients, with increasing numbers of people searching for health information on the web. Patients with acne attempt to search for medical information from the internet. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to investigate the current information of acne on the internet. METHODS: We chose the largest portal sites to investigate the current information of acne and search for 'acne'. RESULTS: 5.3% of the information provided by question-and-answer platform were written by dermatologist. 0.7% of the information provided by personal blog were written by dermatologist. 1.4% of the information provided by internet message board were written by dermatologist. Overall, only 2.4% of the information were written by dermatologist for provide the medical information. CONCLUSION: The internet provides a great deal of information in many types of resources. However, the quality of information has been more of a concern. Dermatologists should continue to counteract inaccurate information by providing quality information on the internet. Dermatologists should be more aware of the health-related online information and should guide patients to take the accurate information.
Acne Vulgaris* ; Blogging ; Humans ; Internet* ; Skin Diseases* ; Skin*

Background: Transportation costs can be a barrier to healthcare services, especially for low-income, disabled, elderly, and geographically isolated populations. This study aimed to estimate the transportation costs of healthcare service utilization and related influencing factors in Korea in 2016. Methods: Transportation costs were calculated using data from the 2016 Korea Health Panel Study. A total of 14,845 participants were included (males, 45.07%; females, 54.93%), among which 2,148 participants used inpatient and 14,787 used outpatient care services.Transportation costs were estimated by healthcare types, transportation modes, and all disease and injury groups that caused healthcare service utilization. The influencing factors of higher transportation costs were analyzed using multivariable regression analysis. Results: In 2016, the average transportation costs were United States dollars (USD) 43.70 (purchasing power parity [PPP], USD 32.35) per year and USD 27.67 (PPP, USD 20.48) per visit for inpatient care; for outpatient case, costs were USD 41.43 (PPP, USD 30.67) per year and USD 2.09 (PPP, USD 1.55) per visit. Among disease and injury groups, those with neoplasms incurred the highest transportation costs of USD 9.73 (PPP, USD 7.20). Both inpatient and outpatient annual transportation costs were higher among severely disabled individuals (inpatient, +USD 44.71; outpatient, +USD 23.73) and rural residents (inpatient, +USD 20.40; outpatient, +USD 28.66). Transportation costs per healthcare visit were influenced by healthcare coverage and residential area. Sex, age, and income were influencing factors of higher transportation costs for outpatient care. Conclusion Transportation cost burden was especially high among those with major noncommunicable diseases (e.g., cancer) or living in rural areas, as well as elderly, severely disabled, and low-income populations. Thus, there is a need to address the socioeconomic disparities related to healthcare transportation costs in Korea by implementing targeted interventions in populations with restricted access to healthcare.

Background: Mobile applications are useful in the field of dermatology as diagnosis and treatment are based on visual inspection. However, in Korea, dermatology-related applications have not been developed effectively despite the high rate of mobile internet usage. In addition, there is no report on the current trends of dermatology-related mobile application. Objective: This study aimed to identify and categorize the available dermatology-related mobile application and compare the current trends in Korea with those in the US. Methods: Eight dermatologic terms were queried in two mobile platforms, Android and iOS. Applications were categorized by function based on their description. The number of reviews, rating, provider, target audience, and price of applications were recorded. Results: A total of 213 dermatology-related applications were identified. Approximately 10.8% of the applications were related to skin diseases, 23.5% were related to skin care, and 65.7% were others. Among the applications related to skin diseases, 4.2% were self-surveillance/diagnosis apps, 3.3% were disease guide and reference apps, and 1.4% were dermoscopy apps. No applications were related to educational aid and photography search. Among the applications related to skin care, 12.7% were self-surveillance/diagnosis apps used for general skin care, 3.8% were skin care apps, and 2.8% were cosmetics apps. Other categories included shopping (24.9%), advertisements (15.0%), and hospital searches (15.0%). Conclusion The development and use of dermatology mobile applications can contribute to the efficient delivery of accurate information to patients, educate patients, and further reduce the prevalence of skin diseases. Therefore, dermatologists should play a leading role in presenting the direction for dermatology-related mobile application development.

BACKGROUND: Abnormalities of the peripheral blood are frequent and varied in patients with miliary tuberculosis. Anemia,leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, pancytopenia, monocytosis, basophilia, eosinophilia and leukemoid reactions have been reported. These abnormalities are more frequent in patients with positive bone marrow study. In this report, we evaluated clinical, hematological and immunological features in patients with miliary tuberculosis in order to know whether difference is existed between "bone marrow biopsy positive group(pathologically proven to miliary tuberculosis)" and "negative group". METHOD: Clinical evaluation, serum ADA, sIL-2R, and T-lymphocyte subsets were measured in 40 patients with miliary tuberculosis who received bone marrow biopsy. RESULTS: 1) The average age of patients was 39 year-old. There were 23 male and 17 female patients. Associated extrapulmonary tuberculosis are 9 CNS tuberculosis, 6 joint tuberculosis, and 2 tuberculous pleurisy. 2) Sixteen of the 40 patients were positive bone marrow biopsy(60%). 3) Sixteen of the 40 patients(60%) had anemia(ll positive patients: 13 negative patients). Leukopenia occurred in 12 per cent(4:l). Thrombocytopenia was noted in 10%(3:1). 4) The mean value of serum ADA was 83 U/L(90 U/L: 70.6 U/L, p=0.23). 5) The mean activity of Soluble IL-2 receptor was 4,643 pmol/L(6840+/-7446 pmol/L: 1,897 +/- 1,663 pmol/L, p=0.06). 6) In the T lymphocyte subsets, the percent of T-lymphocytes was 64%(62%:73%, p=0.2). In some patients(9), T4 and T8 ratio in BAL fluid(1.97+/-1.2) was higher than that in the peripheral blood(1.16+/-0.5). CONCLUSION: Bone marrow examination are diagnostic in 60% of cases of miliary tuberculosis. Percents of the total T lymphocyte and helper T cell in BAL are more elevated than in peripheral blood. There was no significant difference in peripheral blood abnormalities and marker of T lymphocyte activation between the bone marrow biopsy positive and negative group.
Biopsy ; Bone Marrow Examination ; Bone Marrow* ; Eosinophilia ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemoid Reaction ; Leukopenia ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Lymphocytes ; Male ; Pancytopenia ; Receptors, Interleukin-2 ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; T-Lymphocytes ; Thrombocytopenia ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Miliary* ; Tuberculosis, Osteoarticular ; Tuberculosis, Pleural

PURPOSE: We report a patient with strabismus associated with thyroid ophthalmopathy whose condition changed remarkably for 6 years of a natural course. CASE SUMMARY: A 69-year-old woman with Graves' disease presented with diplopia in April 1999. On examination, she showed left hypotropia of 50 prism diopters (Delta) accompanied by supraduction limitation and lid lag in the left eye. She was diagnosed with strabismus associated with thyroid ophthalmopathy and was observed without any intervention. In October 2000, her left hypotropia decreased to 16Delta, and esotropia of 14Delta developed. Both eyes showed limitation of supraduction, and the left eye showed limitation of abduction. In December 2003, the esotropia increased to 35Delta, and the direction of vertical strabismus changed to 40Delta of right hypotropia. Supraduction limitation of the right eye and abduction restriction of both eyes increased, and infraduction limitation of the left eye developed. In April 2005, esotropia increased to 75Delta, and the amount of right hypotropia was 35Delta. The abduction limitation of both eyes increased. CONCLUSION: The natural course of strabismus associated with thyroid ophthalmopathy can show continuous and remarkable changes.
Aged ; Diplopia ; Esotropia ; Eye ; Female ; Graves Disease ; Humans ; Strabismus ; Thyroid Gland

BACKGROUND: The incidence of scalp tumors has increased, despite medical advances and environmental improvement. However, few studies have reported the clinical and histopathologic features of scalp tumors. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical and histopathologic features of scalp tumors. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical and histopathologic features and occurrence rates of scalp diseases in 418 patients whose lesions were biopsied in the department of dermatology between January 2004 and December 2013. RESULTS: The mean age of patients exhibiting scalp tumors was 44.9 years old. The male to female ratio was 1:0.69. The most common benign scalp tumor diagnosed was seborrheic keratosis (22.6%) followed by epidermal inclusion cyst (15.3%), intradermal nevus (8.7%), sebaceous nevus (7.1%), actinic keratosis (5.2%), pyogenic granuloma (3.0%), neurofibroma (2.5%), compound nevus (2.2%), epidermal nevus (1.1%), dermatofibroma (1.1%), and hemangioma (1.1%). The most malignant scalp tumor diagnosed was basal cell carcinoma (34.6%) followed by squamous cell carcinoma (32.7%), metastatic cancer (11.5%), angiosarcoma (7.7%), Bowen's disease (7.7%), lymphoma (3.8%), and apocrine adenocarcinoma (1.9%). CONCLUSION: This study provides data on the incidence of scalp tumors. The results of our study were different from previous studies possibly owing to regional differences between reported patient populations. We advise physicians to appropriately diagnose and treat scalp tumors at the earliest suspicion of malignancy.
Adenocarcinoma ; Bowen's Disease ; Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Dermatology ; Female ; Granuloma, Pyogenic ; Hemangioma ; Hemangiosarcoma ; Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous ; Humans ; Incidence ; Keratosis, Actinic ; Keratosis, Seborrheic ; Lymphoma ; Male ; Neurofibroma ; Nevus ; Nevus, Intradermal ; Retrospective Studies ; Scalp*