Chronic intestional pseudoobstruction syndrome is a rare clinical condition in which impaired intestinal peristalsis. Causes recurrent symptoms of bowel obstruction in the absence of a mechanical occlusion. This syndrome may involve variable segments of small or large bowel. And may be associated with urinary bladder retention. This study included 6 children(3 boys and 3 girls) of chronic intestinal obstruction. Four were symptomatic at birth and two were of the ages of one month and one year. All had abdominal distention and defication difficulty. Five had urinary bladder distention. Despite parenteral nutrition and surgical intervention(ileostomy or colostomy), bowel obstruction persisted and four patients expired from sepsis within one year. All had gaseous distention of small and large bowel on abdominal films. In small bowel series. Consistent findings were variable degree of dilatation. Decreased peristalsis(prolonged transit time) and microcolon or microrectum. This disease entity must be differentiated from congenital megacolon, ileal atresia and megacystis syndrome.
Dilatation ; Hirschsprung Disease ; Humans ; Intestinal Obstruction ; Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction* ; Parenteral Nutrition ; Parturition ; Peristalsis ; Sepsis ; Urinary Bladder

No abstract available.
Humans ; Mycosis Fungoides* ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing* ; Infliximab

No abstract available.
Foot* ; Neuroma*

One author's affiliation is misspelled in original article.

In this study, we aimed to evaluate the economic loss due to the diagnosis of breast cancer within the female South Korean working-age population. A population-based cost analysis was performed for cancer-related diagnoses between 1999 and 2014, using respective public government funded databases. Among the five most common cancers, breast cancer mortality was strongly associated with the growth in gross domestic product between 1999 and 2014 (R=0.98). In the female population, breast cancer represented the greatest productivity loss among all cancers, which was a consequence of the peak in the incidence of breast cancer during mid-working age in the working-age population, in addition to being the most common and fastest growing cancer among South Korean women. Our study shows that breast cancer not only represents a significant disease burden for individual patients, but also contributes a real, nonnegligible loss in productivity in the South Korean economy.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Costs and Cost Analysis ; Diagnosis ; Efficiency ; Employment ; Epidemiology* ; Female* ; Financial Management ; Gross Domestic Product ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mortality ; Quality of Life

Turner's syndrome is a genetic disorder of the sex chromosomes (e.g., 45,X or 45,X/46,XX) that manifests as various congenital anomalies. Despite its numerous extragonadal manifestations and frequent accompanying abnormalities in liver function tests, liver cirrhosis associated with Turner's syndrome has not been reported in Korea. Moreover, pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) have rarely been reported in association with liver cirrhosis, but there have been no reports of PAVMs occurring in cryptogenic liver cirrhosis associated with Turner's syndrome. We report a case of PAVM that occurred in cryptogenic liver cirrhosis associated with Turner's syndrome.
Arteriovenous Malformations ; Korea ; Liver ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Liver Function Tests ; Sex Chromosomes ; Turner Syndrome

OBJECTIVES: This survey was attempted to examine the psychological significance, such as depression, anxiety and delinquent, of pubertal changes(expressions of secondary sexual characteristics) between student and delinqent group. METHOD: Data were collected through self-report questionnaire survey over a period 12 months. Subjects served for this study consisted of 248 adolescents including 90 delinquent adolescents and 158 student adolescents in Korea, sampled from Korean middle school population and delinquent adolescent population confined in juvenile corrective institutions. The SDS & SAS were used to evaluate the state of depression & anxiety in adolescents, respectively. RESULT: 1) The early-bloomer outnumbered late-bloomer in male delinquent adolescent. 2) There were the significant differences in first experiences of masturbation, expression of pubic hair, expression of axillary hair, expression of facial hair among secondary sexual characteristics between both groups. 3) In student adolescent, there was no significant difference in anxiety, depression level between early-bloomer and late-bloomer. 4) In male delinquent adolescent, late-bloomer was significantly more anxious, depressive than early-bloomer. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest the rapid pubertal changes during adolescence have effect on delinquency, depression, anxiety, especially male. Furthermore we may assume that this preliminary results will provide useful information in understanding the psychological aspect of adolescents.
Adolescent* ; Anxiety* ; Depression* ; Hair ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Masturbation ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Sex Characteristics*

The nfa1 gene was cloned from a cDNA library of pathogenic Naegleria fowleri by immunoscreening; it consisted of 360 bp and produced a 13.1 kDa recombinant protein (rNfa1) that showed the pseudopodia-specific localization by immunocytochemistry in the previous study. Based on the idea that the pseudopodia-specific Nfa1 protein mentioned above seems to be involved in the pathogenicity of N. fowleri, we observed the effect of an anti-Nfa1 antibody on the proliferation of N. fowleri trophozoites and the cytotoxicity of N. fowleri trophozoites on the target cells. The proliferation of N. fowleri trophozoites was inhibited after being treated with an anti-Nfa1 polyclonal antibody in a dose-dependent manner for 48 hrs. By a light microscope, CHO cells co-cultured with N. fowleri trophozoites (group I) for 48 hrs showed severe morphological destruction. On the contrary, CHO cells co-cultured with N. fowleri trophozoites and anti-Nfa1 polyclonal antibody (1: 100 dilution) (group II) showed less destruction. In the LDH release assay results, group I showed 50.6% cytotoxicity, and group II showed 39.3%. Consequently, addition of an anti-Nfa1 polyclonal antibody produced a decreasing effect of in vitro cytotoxicity of N. fowleri in a dosedependent manner.
Animals ; Antibodies, Protozoan/*immunology ; Antigens, Protozoan/genetics/*immunology ; CHO Cells ; Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic ; Female ; Hamsters ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Naegleria fowleri/growth & development/immunology/*pathogenicity ; Protozoan Proteins/genetics/*immunology ; Recombinant Proteins/immunology ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Myotonic dystrophy is a multisystemic disorder inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. The characteristic clinical features include the presence of myotonia, atrophy of the muscles of the face and the sternocleidomastoids and numerous nonmusclar manifestations such as cataracts, frontal baldness, gonadal dysfunctions and cardiac abnormalities. We experienced one case of myotonic dystrophy with prolonged atrial flutter in 30-year-old male who was admitted because of palpitation. We present this case with reviewing literatures.
Adult ; Alopecia ; Atrial Flutter* ; Atrophy ; Cataract ; Gonads ; Humans ; Male ; Muscles ; Myotonia ; Myotonic Dystrophy*

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to find additional effects of intrathecal nalbuphine 1 mg to morphine 0.1 mg for pain relief during a cesarean section. METHODS: Sixty healthy patients at full term who were scheduled for an elective cesarean delivery with spinal anesthesia were enrolled in the study. They received 0.5% bupivacaine 10 mg with either morphine 0.1 mg (group M), or nalbuphine 1 mg (group N), or morphine 0.1 mg nalbuphine 1 mg (group M + N). Analgesic effects were evaluated by a verbal rating scale on the duration of complete analgesia (time from the intrathecal injection to the first pain report), effective analgesia (time from the intrathecal injection to the first analgesic request), and cumulative doses of additional analgesics. Hemodynamic changes and adverse effects were also observed. RESULTS: The duration of complete analgesia increased significantly in group M, compared with group N and group M + N. Effective analgesia was longer in group M and group M + N, compared with group N. The incidence of pruritus was significantly lower in group N, compared with group M and M + N. The incidence of nausea and vomiting was the same among all groups. CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that intrathecal addition of nalbuphine 1mg to morphine 0.1 mg during spinal anesthesia for a cesarean delivery reinforced intraoperaitive analgesia compared with intrathecal morphine 0.1 mg. However, it reduced the duration of complete analgesia and had no effect on the incidence of pruritus.
Analgesia ; Analgesics ; Anesthesia, Spinal ; Bupivacaine ; Cesarean Section* ; Female ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Incidence ; Injections, Spinal ; Morphine* ; Nalbuphine* ; Nausea ; Pregnancy ; Pruritus ; Vomiting