No abstract available.
Insulin

No abstract available.
Hepatitis B Vaccines* ; Hepatitis B* ; Hepatitis* ; Humans

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between proliferation and cell death during oral carcinogenesis. Syrian golden hamsters which were 3 month old and 90-120 gm-weight were used in this study. The 9, 10-dimethyl-1, 2-benzanthracene(DMBA) in a 0.5% solution in mineral oil was painted on the buccal pouch mucosa 3 times per week in the experimental group during 20 weeks. Control group was painted with mineral oil. In each control and experimental group of 6,8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18,20 weeks, specimen were sectioned for immunohistochemical study with anti-Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen(PCNA), anti-transglutaminase transglutaminase and GST-pi were obtained by counting the positive cells to those antibodies. The following results were obtained. 1. Histopathologically, finding of epithelial dysplasia of the 6 and 8 weeks experimental group and carcinoma in situ in the 12 weeks and squamous cell carcinoma in those of the 14 weeks were seen. 2. PCNA positive cells were mainly mild expressed in the basal cell layer of normal oral mucosa, increased moderately, after 6 weeks. In suprabasal cell layer, control group is negative but retained moderately between 6 weeks and 14 weeks, and decreased after 16 weeks. In spinous cell layer, restricted only between 12 weeks and 16 weeks, other period is mild or negative. 3. PCNA index of experimental group revealed the increased peak in 6 weeks and 20 weeks than control group, and retained between 12 weeks and 18 weeks. All experimental group expressed higher PCNA index than control group(p.<0.05). 4. Tranglutaminase expression was localized in outer and suprabasal layers on control group, but after 6 weeks, expression site moved spinous & suprabasal cell layers, and after 8 weeks, expression is spreaded to basal cell layer, and this patters retained to 20 weeks. Transglutaminase expression of experimental group was higher than control group after 8 weeks. 5. The positive staining of detoxifying agent, G1utathione S-Transferase(GST)pi of experimental group was radually increased from 6 weeks. After 10 weeks, all layer of experimental group was seen positive reaction. The strong positive staining in center of tumor and weak positive staining in periphery of tumor were seen at the stage of squamous cell carcimoma in 14 weeks. According to the results, we should suggest that the more increased proliferation of tumor cell, the more increased expression of PCNA, transglutaminase and GST-pi as a detoxifying agent during carcinogenesis by induced DMBA were seen.
9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene* ; Animals ; Antibodies ; Carcinogenesis* ; Carcinoma in Situ ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cell Death ; Cricetinae* ; Humans ; Infant ; Mesocricetus ; Mineral Oil ; Mouth Mucosa ; Mucous Membrane ; Paint ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the factors which are related to the maternal role performance of first-time mother to improve the health of infant. Specifically a basic hypothetical model was developed based on the previous study about a model of social networks. METHOD: The survey was done from January to February in 2001. Total 257 mothers who have four to twelve month old first-time baby was interviewed in five community health center around country(Seoul, Choung-ju, Asan, Cheon-an, Jeju). Finally 247 data was analyzed. Data analysis was done with LISREL 8.20 program for covariance structural analysis. RESULTS: Compared to the hypothetical model, the revised model has become parsimonious and had a better fit to the data(X(2)=167.55(p=.00), X(2)/df=1.48, GFI=0.97, AGFI=0.95, RMR=0.049, NFI=0.98, NNFI=0.99, CN= 222.53). All predictive variables of the maternal role of first-time mother explained 30% of total variance in model. Social network structural characteristics and social network interactional characteristics had significant effect on the emotional support and the information support. And social network interactional characteristics had significant effect on the service support, material support and social companionship support. The service support and social companionship support had significant effect on the maternal role strain. The emotional support and the social companionship support had significant effect on the maternal role of first-time mother. CONCLUSION: As the conclusion of this study, there is in need of the developing the programmes focussed on the social network for the first-time mother.
Chungcheongnam-do ; Community Health Centers ; Humans ; Infant ; Mothers* ; Statistics as Topic

No abstract available.
Apoptosis*

No abstract available.
Lymphadenitis*

Sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma is an uncommon tumor that has to be distinguished from renal carcinosarcoma. We have described three cases of sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma showing different clinical and light microscopic features. An ultrastructural study of the tumor cells from the sarcomatoid area revealed frequent desmosomal junction, confirming the epithelial nature of the neoplasm. All three cases showed an aggressive clinical course and tended to invade adjacent organs or tissues. We believe that an histological and immunohistochemical examination in conjunction with an electron microscopic examination are necessary to diagnose sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Carcinosarcoma* ; Desmosomes ; Microscopy, Electron

The purpose of this study was to develop Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission and discharge criteria that would lead to the appropriate utilization of ICU resources and nursing services. For this study, a conceptual framework was developed through a review of the literature. Then in order to identify the overall health condition of patients in the ICU, and to draw up preliminary criteria, the medical records of 58 patients who were admitted to the ICU of Y Medical Center in Seoul between March, 1999 to February, 2000 of were analyzed. Two expert validity tests were done for the preliminary criteria for admission and discharge with 21 patients over 18 years of age who were admitted patients and for 12 patients who were discharged between May 30, 2000 and June 5, 2000 a clinical validity test was also done. After this process, the final admission and discharge criteria were developed. The results of this study are summarized as follows: 1. After a review of the literature, there were 9 categories for admission criteria cardiologic, gastrointestinal, neurologic, endocrine, post-op care of major surgery, vital signs, laboratory values, and a category of miscellaneous items. Discharge criteria had 3 categories which were vital signs, laboratory values, and a category of miscellaneous items. 2. From the medical records of the 58 patients who were admitted to the ICU, 45 items for preliminary criteria for admission and 17 for discharge were identified. 3. The two expert validity tests showed that of the 45 items 29 admission items received over 75 percent agreement. The 16 admission items which received less than 75 percent agreement were revised or deleted from the admission criteria. Of the 17 discharge items, 11 had over 75 percent agreement and 6 less then 75 percent agreement. These were revised or deleted from the discharge criteria. 4. In the clinical validity test, 14 admission items showed more than 75 percent agreement and 11 discharge items more than 83 percent agreement. 5. The final criteria consisted of 29 items for admission and 11 items for discharge. Since patients being considered for admission to the ICU have complex problems, there is a need to make the decision based on more than a single issue. This tool will insure that the ICU nursing care and treatment resources are appropriately used by allowing a multi-professional health team to make admission and discharge decisions.
Humans ; Intensive Care Units* ; Critical Care* ; Medical Records ; Nursing Care ; Nursing Services ; Seoul ; Vital Signs

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Endocrinology* ; Metabolism*