Fourteen cases of double chambered right ventricle were diagnosed angiographically and of these nine caseswere confirmed after operation and autopsy at Seoul National University Hospital in recent four years since 1979.The clinical and radiological findings with the emphasis on the cinecardiographic findings were analysed. Thesummaries of the analysis are as follows; 1. Among 14 cases, 6 cases were male and 8 cases were female. Agedistribution was from 4 years to 36 years. 2. In chest X-ray findings, pulmonary vascularity was increased in 8cases, decreased in 4 cases, and nomral in 2 cases. Cardiomegaly was observed in 8 cases and other showed normalheart size. 3. In cinecardiography, 11 cases had interventricular septal defect. Among these 11 cases, VSD locatedin proximal high pressusre chamber was in 2 cases and located in distal low presssure chamber was in 9 cases. 4.The location of aberrant muscle bundle in sinus portion of right ventricule was in 8 cases. In the rest cases, andaberrant muscle bundle was located below the infundibulum of right ventricle. 5. For accurate diagnosis anddifferential diagnosis with other congenital cardiac anomalies such as Tetralogy of Fallot or isolated pulmonicstenosis, biplane cineangiography and catheterization is an essential procedure.
Autopsy ; Cardiomegaly ; Catheterization ; Catheters ; Cineangiography ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Male ; Pituitary Gland ; Seoul ; Tetralogy of Fallot ; Thorax

9 cases of criss-cross heart anomaly, diagnosed by angiography from April, 1979 to Feb. 1985 at Seoul National University Hospital were reviewed. The results were as follows: 1. Of 9 cases, 6 cases were male and 3 cases werefemale and the age ranged from 2 months to 16 years of age. 2. Of 9 cases, 7 cases were concordant (D-loop) and 2cases were discordant (L-loop). segmental approaches are 2 cases of SDD(TGV) and each one case of SLD(TGV),SDD(DORV), SDL(DORV), SDD(DOLV), SLL(corrected TGV), and normal one. 3. Associated anomalies are small sized rightventricle (7 cases), especially inflow tract and sinus portion, pulmonary outflow tract obstruction(5 cases),VSD(9 cases), ASD( 7 cases), PDA(2 cases) and visceroatrial situs solitus was observed in all 9 cases but 1dextrocardia.
Angiography ; Crisscross Heart ; Humans ; Male ; Seoul

PURPOSE: To investigate the actual adherence to treatment with preservative-free dorzolamide-timolol fixed combination (DTFC) eyedrops of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients by counting the number of unused single-dose units of DTFC. METHODS: This study included 34 POAG patients newly prescribed with preservative-free DTFC eyedrops (formulated in single-dose units). The enrolled patients were asked to bring the unused DTFC units on their next visit after 2 weeks of treatment with DTFC. On their second visit, they were asked to complete a questionnaire regarding the self-reported adherence and the number of unused DTFC single-dose units was counted. The actual adherence (%) was calculated by dividing the expected number of used DTFC units by the actual number of used DTFC units. The correlation between the self-reported adherence and the measured adherence was assessed. RESULTS: Twenty-nine (93.5%) patients answered they adhered to the medication by more than 90% and 2 (6.5%) answered they instilled the eyedrops at 80-90% of the dosing schedule. However, after counting the unused DTFC single-dose units, 9 (29.0%) patients showed an actual adherence of <90%. Moreover, the actual adherence of 3 (9.7%) patients was <60%. Unexpectedly, 4 (12.9%) patients showed the actual adherence exceeding 100% (196%, 1 patient; 107-132%, 3 patients). CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated a large difference between the self-reported and the actual adherence to treatment by counting the unused single-dose units of eyedrops. Preservative-free topical anti-glaucoma medications (formulated in single-dose units) provide clinicians an opportunity to assess the actual adherence of glaucoma patients by counting the unused units of eyedrops.
Appointments and Schedules ; Glaucoma ; Glaucoma, Open-Angle ; Humans ; Ophthalmic Solutions ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Authors reviewed and analyzed 108 cases of secundum ASD(1–15 years old), which had been diagnosed bycineangiography in Seoul Natinal University Children's Hospital from 1979 to 1985. 1) The incidence of theasociation of MVP with secundum ASD was 48%(Male 43%, Female 52%). 2) The incidnece of this association incresedwith age(1–5 years old: 39%, 6–10 : 50%, 11–15: 59%). 3) The incidence of concurrent mitral regurgitation in MVPassociated with ASD was 48%. No special correlation was not found between the degree or incidence of MVP and thatof MR. 4) The incedence of the association of MVP with ASD increased with the increaseing amount of leftventricular geomatry attendant on left to right shunt (QS/QS < 2:33%, 2<=QP/QS < 4:52%, QP/QS >= 4: 100%). Thissuggested that abnormal left ventricular geometry attendant on left to ring shunt would contribute much to theassociation of MVP with secundum ASD.
Female ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mitral Valve Insufficiency ; Mitral Valve Prolapse ; Mitral Valve ; Seoul

PURPOSE: The bond strengths between resin denture teeth with various compositions and denture base resins including conventional and CAD/CAM purposed materials were evaluated to find influence of each material. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cylindrical rods (6.0 mm diameter × 8.0 mm length) prepared from pre-polymerized CAD/CAM denture base resin blocks (PMMA Block-pink; Huge Dental Material, Vipi Block-Pink; Vipi Industria) were bonded to the basal surface of resin teeth from three different companies (VITA MFT® ; VITA Zahnfabrik, Endura Posterio® ; SHOFU Dental, Duracross Physio® ; Nissin Dental Products Inc.) using resin cement (Super-Bond C&B; SUN MEDICAL). As a control group, rods from a conventional heat-polymerizing denture base resin (Vertex™ Rapid Simplified; Vertex-Dental B.V. Co.) were attached to the resin teeth using the conventional flasking and curing method. Furthermore, the effect of air abrasion was studied with the highly cross-linked resin teeth (VITA MFT® ) groups. The shear bond strengths were measured, and then the fractured surfaces were examined to analyze the mode of failure. RESULTS: The shear bond strengths of the conventional heat-polymerizing PMMA denture resin group and the CAD/CAM denture base resin groups were similar. Air abrasion to VITA MFT® did not improve shear bond strengths. Interfacial failure was the dominant cause of failure for all specimens. CONCLUSION Shear bond strengths of CAD/CAM denture base materials and resin denture teeth using resin cement are comparable to those of conventional methods.

Purpose: To report two cases of massive subretinal fluid accumulation at laser irradiated sites after photodynamic therapy in patients with age-related macular degeneration (ARMD).Case summary: (Case 1) A patient with bilateral polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy, who was treated with half-dose verteporfin photodynamic therapy (PDT), developed decreased visual acuity. On fundus examination, massive subretinal fluid accumulation was observed in the laser irradiated sites of both eyes. The subretinal fluid was reabsorbed without further treatment, and the patient's visual acuity has recovered. (Case 2) A patient with ARMD, accompanied by a choroidal neovascular membrane and accumulation of subretinal fluid in the right eye, developed decreased visual acuity on the treated eye a day after receiving half-dose PDT treatment. On fundus examination, the subretinal fluid in the right eye had increased more than 5-fold compared to pre-treatment levels. After one week, the amount of subretinal fluid decreased and the patient's visual acuity improved. However, since retinal exudate still remained, intravitreal bevacizumab treatment was administered. Thereafter, the patient’s fundus findings were unremarkable. Conclusions In the case of photodynamic therapy for ARMD, a large amount of subretinal fluid may occur as a rare complication. The subretinal fluid was naturally absorbed, but close observation is needed with the possibility of developing subretinal fluid in the event of decreased vision after photodynamic therapy.

The 45 neonates with bronchopulmonary dysplasia among 355 neonates who were managed with mechanical ventilation and oxygen therapy in NICU of Seoul National University Chhildren's Hospital from January 1, 1968 to December 31, 1991, were analyzed for risk factors and outcome. The results were as follows: 1) The incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia was 12.7% 2) Respiratory Distress Syndrome was most common underlying problem. 3) The common radiologic findings of BPD were peripheral streaky density, emphysematous change, reticular or granular perihilar density, pulmonary interstitial emphysema, bubbly or small cystic change, and pneumothorax. 4) The survival rate of BPD showed 80% in the follow-up study. 5) Retinopathy of prematurity and intraventricular hemorrhage were more frequent significantly in the BPD group (p<0.05). 6) The risk factors of BPD were lower birth weight, shorter gestational age, longer duration of oxygen therapy an mechanical ventilation, and the presence of PDA.
Birth Weight ; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia* ; Emphysema ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gestational Age ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn ; Oxygen ; Pneumothorax ; Respiration, Artificial ; Retinopathy of Prematurity ; Risk Factors* ; Seoul ; Survival Rate

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to describe the imaging characteristics of oligodendroglioma in childhood. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eight CT scans and 12 MR images were retrospectively reviewed in 12 children (mean age, 9.5 years) with pathologically-proven oligodendroglioma. The most frequent symptoms were seizure and headache, with a mean duration before diagnosis of 21 months. Location, MR signal intensity, calcification,intratumoral hemorrhage, cystic change, peritumoral edema and contrast enhancement were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: The supratentorial location was most frequent (9/12, 75%) and the majority of tumors were located peripherally or subcortically (7/9, 78%). On MR, most tumors demonstrated low signal intensity on T1WI and high signal intensity on T2WI ; cystic change was frequent (10/12, 83%). Tumor enhancement was seen in 60% of cases (6/10), with various enhancement patterns. Intratumoral hemorrhage was seen in two cases. On CT, the tumors were usually hypodense and calcification was noted in two cases (2/8, 25%). Peritumoral edema and mass effect of the tumor were seen in five (5/12,42%). Hydrocephalus was associated in two cases. CONCLUSION: In childhood, most oligodendrogliomas demonstrate a peripherally located supratentorial mass, with frequent cystic change. Calcification or intratumoral hemorrhage were less frequent than in previously reported adult series.
Adult ; Child ; Diagnosis ; Edema ; Headache ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Oligodendroglioma* ; Retrospective Studies ; Seizures ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

PURPOSE: The prognostic factors of chondrosarcoma remain uncertain as only a few large studies with long-term follow-up have been reported. The aim of this study was to analyze oncological outcomes and prognostic factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective review of oncological outcomes and prognostic factors was performed on 125 consecutive chondrosarcoma patients who underwent surgery at our institution. RESULTS: Overall survival was 91.6%+/-2.5%, 84.1%+/-3.8%, and 84.1%+/-3.8% at 5, 10, and 15 years respectively. Among the histological types, dedifferentiated type showed the worst survival (p < 0.001). As for conventional type chondrosarcoma, histologic grade and anatomical location predicted outcome, with high-grade with axial location having the worst outcome (p < 0.001). In contrast, low-grade chondrosarcoma of appendicular skeleton could be treated safely by intralesional curettage. CONCLUSION: Histological type was significantly associated with the outcome of chondrosarcoma. For the conventional type, histologic grade and anatomical location predicted outcome, with high-grade with axial location having the worst outcome.
Chondrosarcoma* ; Curettage ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Pelvis ; Prognosis ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Skeleton

PURPOSE: The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer quality-of-life questionnaire-OG25 was developed to evaluate the quality of life in patients with stomach and esophageal cancer. The following are included in the OG25 but not in the STO22: odynophagia, choked when swallowing, weight loss, trouble eating with others, trouble swallowing saliva, trouble talking, and trouble with coughing. In this study, we evaluated the quality of life of gastrectomized patients using both, the OG25 and the STO22. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 138 patients with partial gastrectomy (PG) (distal gastrectomy=91; pylorus-preserving gastrectomy= 47) and 44 patients with total gastrectomy (TG) were prospectively evaluated. Body weight and scores from the OG25 and STO22 were evaluated preoperatively and at 3 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months after surgery. RESULTS: Patients with TG had significant weight loss compared to patients with PG. At 3 months, TG was associated with worse scores for dysphagia, eating, odynophagia, trouble eating with others, trouble with taste, and weight loss on the OG25. TG was also associated with dysphagia, eating restrictions, and anxiety on the STO22. The OG25 helped differentiate between the groups with respect to weight loss, odynophagia, choked when swallowing, and trouble eating with others. The OG25 scores changed over time and were significantly different. CONCLUSIONS: The OG25 is a more sensitive and useful scale than the STO22 for evaluating the quality of life of gastrectomized patients, especially those with total gastrectomy.
Anxiety ; Body Weight ; Cough ; Deglutition ; Deglutition Disorders ; Eating ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; Gastrectomy* ; Humans ; Prospective Studies ; Quality of Life* ; Saliva ; Stomach ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Weight Loss