1.A Study of Korean Literature Review Related to Speech Characteristics and Speech Therapy in Patients with Parkinson Disease
Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology Phoniatrics and Logopedics 2019;30(2):87-94
The purpose of this study was to investigate the speech characteristics and speech therapy of Parkinson disease (PD). This study selected 28 papers published in Korea from 1998 to 2018 after searching the terms ‘Parkinson voice’ and ‘Parkinson speech therapy.’ Literature review had been conducted in the two aspects of speech characteristics and speech therapy. The speech characteristics were divided into respiration, phonation, articulation, prosody, vowel production, and voice questionnaire. Speech therapy was divided into Lee Sliverman voice treatment (LSVT) and other voice therapy. PD patients did not differ in respiration function compared to normal elderly people, but their speech and articulation function were poorer. There was also a difference in the speech rate, frequency of pause, and accuracy of vowel production compared with normal elderly people. PD had a lower VHI score and their voice related quality of life was a little poorer. The LSVT was typically used in speech therapy for PD. The methods of speech therapy for PD have been shown to improve respiration and phonation. It is necessary to establish voice norms in PD patients and develop effective speech therapy in the following study.
2.A Case of Cutaneous Rosai-Dorfman Disease Manifesting as Carbuncle
Korean Journal of Dermatology 2023;61(10):626-629
Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is a rare and non-neoplastic histiocytic proliferative disorder, whose most common clinical presentation is massive but painless cervical lymphadenopathy. The cutaneous form of RDD is rare, and usually presents as erythematous to brown papules, plaques, or nodules. Most lesions are located on the face and trunk. We herein describe the case of a 52-year-old female patient with RDD clinically limited to the skin. The patient presented with asymptomatic multiple erythematous inflammatory nodules on the right flank and nasal area.Histopathologic findings showed multiple foamy histiocytic infiltrations in the dermis. On immunohistochemistry, the lesions were positive for CD68 and S-100, and negative for CD1a. The patient was treated with oral methylprednisolone, prednicarbate ointment and intralesional injection of triamcinolone acetonide. After 3 months, the lesions achieved almost complete remission, and the patient has been under observation without recurrence for the past 1 year.
3.Clinical Study of Multiple Bier’s Spots: A Single-Center Retrospective Analysis
Korean Journal of Dermatology 2023;61(8):481-486
Background:
Bier’s spots represent a distinct pattern of speckled vascular mottling composed of small, irregular anemic macules. This phenomenon is common and easily reproducible by placing an extremity in a dependent position when mild venous stasis is created.
Objective:
This study aimed to investigate the clinical manifestations of multiple anemic macules, Bier’s spots, and analyze its association with other underlying conditions in hospital outpatients.
Methods:
Between 2015∼2020, we reviewed clinical data of 18 patients diagnosed with Bier’s spots at our hospital. Analysis was performed to assess patient’s demographics, presentation, and treatment.
Results:
A total of 18 patients were included, and 10 (55.6%) were males. Lesions on both sides of the extremities were more common in 11 patients (61.1%), with four (22.2%) and two (11.1%) only on the upper and lower sides, respectively. Symptoms included itching in six patients (33.3%), numbness in two (11.1%), tenderness in one (5.6%), and asymptomatic in 11 (61.1%). The symptoms often accompanied hypertension, atopic dermatitis, and dyslipidemia. Histopathologic findings showed perivascular inflammation in six biopsy specimens, lymphocytic infiltration in four (66.7%), and papillary dermal vascular dilatation in three (50.0%). Calcium channel blockers and antihistamines were used for treatment in 13 patients (72.2%).
Conclusion
The result shows clinical manifestations of Bier’s spots and a possibility of association with various underlying diseases. Optimum treatment for Bier’s spots has not been defined, and because most cases are asymptomatic, no treatment is required. Therefore, this study will be a valuable data of Bier’s spots for dermatologists.
4.Some Psychological Correlates Affecting Recognition of Neutral Facial Emotion in Young Adults.
Ra Yeon HA ; Jee In KANG ; Suk Kyoon AN ; Hyun Sang CHO
Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association 2009;48(6):481-487
OBJECTIVES: Previous studies have shown the relationship between recognition of facial expressions and psychiatric symptoms. This study investigated how healthy young adults recognize neutral faces and which psychological distresses and symptoms relate to their recognition of neutral faces. METHODS: One hundred forty-three healthy volunteers participated in this study. We used neutral facial pictures, selected from the Japanese and Caucasian Facial Expressions of Emotion (JACFEE) photo set, to evaluate participants' facial expression recognition and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory, Toronto Alexithymia Scale, Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale, and Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) to measure and examine their psychological characteristics. RESULTS: There were significant positive correlations between the recognition rate of neutral expressions as contempt and trait-anxiety level (r=0.21 ; p=0.01) and depression (r=0.20 ; p=0.02). This contempt-recognition was significantly negatively correlated with resilience score (r=-0.22 ; p=0.01) and the TCI self-directedness subscale (r=-0.29 ; p=0.00). Also, the TCI's harm avoidance subscale score was significantly positively correlated with the contempt recognition rate (r=0.21 ; p=0.01). CONCLUSION: These finding suggests recognition of neutral faces as contempt may be related to psychological distress, including trait and temperament characteristics. This negative bias toward neutral emotion (expressions) may affect interpersonal relations and social functioning in a healthy population.
Affective Symptoms
;
Anxiety
;
Asian Continental Ancestry Group
;
Bias (Epidemiology)
;
Depression
;
Facial Expression
;
Humans
;
Interpersonal Relations
;
Polymethacrylic Acids
;
Temperament
;
Young Adult
5.Development and Testing of an Instrument to Measure Family's Emotional Response toward Physically Restrained Patients.
Eun Nam LEE ; Su Jin HA ; Ji Yeon KANG
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2008;38(4):629-638
PURPOSE: This was a methodological research to develop an instrument to assess the emotional response of family members of physically restrained patients. METHODS: A primary instrument with 68 questions was developed based on literature review and semi-structured interviews with family members. A group of experts revised individual questions and removed 4 irrelevant questions. This secondary instrument, then, was tested with 199 family members of physically restrained patients in intensive care units of a university hospital. The validity and reliability of the instrument were tested by factor analysis. RESULTS: After item analysis, 3 questions with a correlation coefficient under .30 were discarded and the questions with a factor loading under .45 on Varimax Rotation were also removed. After factor analysis on the final 37 questions, 7 factors were identified; avoidance, shock, helplessness, grudge, depression, anxiousness, and acceptance. The total variance explained was 55.63%. The reliability of this instrument was 0.93 of Cronbach's alpha. CONCLUSION: This instrument was statistically reliable and valid to measure family's emotional response to physical restraints of the patients. This instrument can be useful in assessing the effects of nursing interventions for family members of restrained patients.
Adolescent
;
Adult
;
Child
;
Emotions
;
Family/*psychology
;
Female
;
Humans
;
Intensive Care Units
;
Interviews as Topic
;
Male
;
Middle Aged
;
*Program Development
;
Questionnaires
;
Reproducibility of Results
;
*Restraint, Physical
6.Squamous Cell Carcinoma Occurring at the Site of an Arteriovenous Fistula Ulcer:A Case Report
Ha Eun KANG ; Seo Mi Gon JEONG ; Chi Yeon KIM
Korean Journal of Dermatology 2023;61(8):506-508
Marjolin’s ulcer is a malignant skin tumor that arises at the site of scars, chronic ulcerations, inflammations, and fistulas after a long latent period. These tumors are mostly squamous cell carcinomas; however, other types of malignancies, such as basal cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma, and sarcoma rarely occur. Marjolin’s ulcer have aggressive characteristics, and local recurrence and lymph node metastasis rates are higher than those of cutaneous primary tumors. Herein, we report an unusual case of squamous cell carcinoma at the site of an arteriovenous fistula ulcer treated with repeated radical operation and skin graft.
8.Morphologic Analysis of Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Tumors.
Seung Seok LEE ; Myunghee KANG ; Seung Yeon HA ; Jungsuk AN ; Mee Sook ROH ; Chang Won HA ; Jungho HAN
Korean Journal of Pathology 2013;47(1):16-20
BACKGROUND: Few studies on how to diagnose pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors through morphometric analysis have been reported. In this study, we measured and analyzed the characteristic parameters of pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors using an image analyzer to aid in diagnosis. METHODS: Sixteen cases of typical carcinoid tumor, 5 cases of atypical carcinoid tumor, 15 cases of small cell carcinoma, and 51 cases of large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma were analyzed. Using an image analyzer, we measured the nuclear area, perimeter, and the major and minor axes. RESULTS: The mean nuclear area was 0.318+/-0.101 microm2 in typical carcinoid tumors, 0.326+/-0.119 microm2 in atypical carcinoid tumors, 0.314+/-0.107 microm2 in small cell carcinomas, and 0.446+/-0.145 microm2 in large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas. The mean nuclear circumference was 2.268+/-0.600 microm in typical carcinoid tumors, 2.408+/-0.680 microm in atypical carcinoid tumors, 2.158+/-0.438 microm in small cell carcinomas, and 3.247+/-1.276 microm in large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas. All parameters were useful in distinguishing large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma from other tumors (p=0.001) and in particular, nuclear circumference was the most effective (p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors showed nuclear morphology differences by subtype. Therefore, evaluation of quantitative nuclear parameters improves the accuracy and reliability of diagnosis.
Carcinoid Tumor
;
Carcinoma, Large Cell
;
Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine
;
Carcinoma, Small Cell
;
Neuroendocrine Tumors
9.Evaluation of Short Term Weight Control Program for Female College Students.
Yeon Ha KANG ; Kyung Ok YI ; Eun Hee HA ; Joo Young KIM ; Wha Young KIM
The Korean Journal of Nutrition 2004;37(6):493-501
The purpose of this study was to evaluate weight control program provided by university health care center for female college students. The program was 8-week long and composed of diet, exercise, and behavioral modification. Evaluation was made on the completion of 8-week program and a follow-up survey was done at 3 - 24 months after the end of program by telephone or by e-mail. Total of 76 women completed the 8-week program and 51 for follow-up survey. On the completion of 8-week program, significant decreases in body weight, BMI, body fat (kg), % body fat, and WHR were resulted, however, no change in muscle mass was found. Even the subjects without weight change showed significant reduction in body fat (kg) and % body fat. Total food intake was decreased resulting in reduced intakes of most nutrients. Meal distribution of energy was changed; %energy from snack decreased from 22% to 14%, and proportion for breakfast increased. Blood values of hemoglobin, hematocrit, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triglyceride were within normal range, and no changes were observed by this program. The follow-up survey revealed that 88.3% of the subjects continued to lose weight after completion of the program, while only 7.8% gained weight. And 78.4% of the subjects considered the program effective. In conclusion, the weight reducing regime with education is effective for long lasting weight control and health conscious behavior for female college student. Since the subjects reduced the size of meal, instead of cutting only calories down, food selection to meet all the nutrient requirements except energy should be emphasized.
Adipose Tissue
;
Body Weight
;
Breakfast
;
Cholesterol
;
Delivery of Health Care
;
Diet
;
Eating
;
Education
;
Electronic Mail
;
Female*
;
Follow-Up Studies
;
Food Preferences
;
Hematocrit
;
Humans
;
Meals
;
Reference Values
;
Snacks
;
Telephone
;
Triglycerides
10.Development and Validation of the Mental Health Scale for Maltreated Children
Bin-Na KIM ; Hyeseon JO ; Suhyeon KANG ; Soo-Yeon KIM ; Ha-young PARK ; Jungkyu PARK ; Hyo Shin KANG
Psychiatry Investigation 2024;21(3):242-254
Objective:
This study aimed to develop and validate a comprehensive self-report questionnaire to assess emotional and behavioral problems and psychological trauma in maltreated children.
Methods:
The Mental Health Scale for Maltreated Children (MHS-MC) was constructed to encompass five major symptoms (depression, anxiety, inattention/hyperactivity/impulsivity, aggression/defiance, and psychological trauma) prevalent in maltreated children. Critical items and ego-resilience subscale were also devised to increase clinical utility. After informed consent, 205 children (maltreated children, n=157, 76.6%) were recruited nationwide, and they answered a package of self-report measures, including the MHS-MC. Reliability, construct validity, concurrent validity, and criterion-related validity were examined to explore the psychometric properties.
Results:
The reliability was good to excellent. Confirmatory factor analysis yielded a five-factorial solution for the symptom subscales supporting construct validity. In logistic regression, the total scores of the MHS-MC predicted membership in the maltreated group. Criterion-related validity was generally satisfactory in that all subscales of the MHS-MC showed significant correlations with relevant measures in the expected direction.
Conclusion
This is the first attempt to develop a comprehensive psychological scale based on nationwide data collected from maltreated Korean children. We hope that the continued standardization of this scale will contribute to evidence-based clinical and policy decisionmaking for maltreated children.