Associations between periodontal infection and cardiovascular disease have been documented. Porphyromonas gingivalis is a well-established periodontal pathogen, and tissue factor (TF) is a key initiator of the coagulation cascade. In this context, P. gingivalis has been reported to enhance TF expression in human endothelial cells. The present study investigated the underlying mechanisms of TF induction by P. gingivalis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. P. gingivalis increased TF expression in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Not only live bacteria but also glutaraldehyde-fixed bacteria increased TF expression to the same extent. However, sonicates of P. gingivalis did not induce TF expression. Cytochalasin D and SMIFH2, which are inhibitors of actin polymerization and actin nucleation, respectively, inhibited the TF expression induced by P. gingivalis. Finally, TF production was decreased or increased in the presence of various signaling inhibitors, including mitogen-activated protein kinases. These results suggest that P. gingivalis induces endothelial TF expression by a bacterial internalization-dependent mechanism and through diverse signal transduction mechanisms.

Associations between periodontal infection and cardiovascular disease have been documented. Porphyromonas gingivalis is a well-established periodontal pathogen, and tissue factor (TF) is a key initiator of the coagulation cascade. In this context, P. gingivalis has been reported to enhance TF expression in human endothelial cells. The present study investigated the underlying mechanisms of TF induction by P. gingivalis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. P. gingivalis increased TF expression in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Not only live bacteria but also glutaraldehyde-fixed bacteria increased TF expression to the same extent. However, sonicates of P. gingivalis did not induce TF expression. Cytochalasin D and SMIFH2, which are inhibitors of actin polymerization and actin nucleation, respectively, inhibited the TF expression induced by P. gingivalis. Finally, TF production was decreased or increased in the presence of various signaling inhibitors, including mitogen-activated protein kinases. These results suggest that P. gingivalis induces endothelial TF expression by a bacterial internalization-dependent mechanism and through diverse signal transduction mechanisms.

OBJECTIVES: Since Mountain proposed the new staging system of non-small cell lung cancer in 1986, the indications for operation of NSCLC have been extended. However, operative mortality is from 3 to 6%. Therefore it is important to reduce unnecessary operation and to evaluate unresectability of tumor correctly, preoperatively The purpose of this study is to find out the causes of unresectability in patients who were initially thought to be resectable preoperatively. METHODS: By retrospective analysis, 64 patients out of 291 NSCLC patients who were undergone operation for curative resection in Seoul National University Hospital from Jan. of 1987 to Dec. of 1991, ware found to be unresectable at operating roost were selected for this study. Out of 64 patients,42 were evaluable. The analysis was focused on the change of pre- & post-operative staging and the causes of unresectability of tumors. RESULTS: Among B2 patients with unresectable tumor who could be evaluated, preoperative CT finding showed resectable tumors in 55% (23 patients) and suspicious for unresectable tumors in 45% (19 patients). The causes of unresectability were technically unresectable T3 lesions in 7% (3 patients), T4 lesions in 62% (26 patients), N2 lesions in 17% (7 patients) and N3 lesions in 14% (6 patients). CONCLUSION: The major causes of unresectability of NSCLC were pulmonary artery invasions. It is suggested that careful evaluation of mediastinal structure, especially great vessels by additional imaging technique other than CT (like MRI) is indicated in selected NSCLC cases.
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung* ; Humans ; Mortality ; Pulmonary Artery ; Retrospective Studies ; Seoul

No abstract available.
Erythromycin*

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of increased vertical dimension of occlusion on lower facial changes by facial type. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Lateral cephalograms from 261 patients were obtained and classified by sagittal (Class I, II, and III) and vertical (hypodivergent, normodivergent, and hyperdivergent) facial patterns. Retrusive displacement of soft tissue Pogonion and downward displacement of soft tissue Menton were measured in each group after 2 mm of vertical dimension of occlusion was increased at the lower central incisor using a virtual simulation program. The ratio of both displacements was calculated in all groups. The statistical analysis was done by 2-way ANOVA and Post hoc was done by Tukey test (5% level of significance). RESULTS: Retrusive displacement of soft tissue Pogonion in Class III group was statistically different compared to Class I and II, and in vertical facial groups all 3 groups were significantly different (P<.05). Downward displacement of soft tissue Menton showed statistically significant difference between all sagittal groups and vertical groups (P<.05). The ratio of both displacements showed statistically significant difference in all sagittal groups and vertical groups (P<.05), and Class II hyperdivergent group had the highest value. CONCLUSION: Lower facial change was statically significant according to the facial type when vertical dimension of occlusion increased. Class II hyperdivergent facial type showed the highest ratio after increase in vertical dimension of occlusion.
Humans ; Incisor ; Vertical Dimension*

Bacillus anthracis, the etiological agent of anthrax, has been taxonomically classified into Bacillus subgroup I with B. cereus, B. mycoides, and B. thuringiensis based on their phenetic and genetic charateristics. Especially, DNA studies indicated that these species were closely related hence these species has been proposed as a single species with four subspecies. There has been controversy about taxonomy of B. anthracis isolates because none of the simple and rapid identification methods are available for closely related taxa so far. In this study, we have used VNTR analysis for reidentification of 7 strains of B. anthracis and 9 strains of closely related species. In the PCR analysis, All of the B. anthracis had a variable region of DNA sequence exception with Youngdungpo. One polymorphisms were found by the presence of four copies with the 12-bp tandem repeat sequences except Kunja. Of the closely related species, the equal size of (VNTR)' was amplified from Bacillus spp. Kyungjoo 3 and B. cereus. The sequences of Kyungjoo 3 was identical with B. anthracis. Whereas the tandem repeat sequences was not found in B. anthracis Kunja and B. cereus. Therefore, B. anthracis Kunja was finally reidentified as a B. cereus. As a results, the analysis of VNTR could be used for rapid identification for B. anthraicis from B. anthracis closely related taxa and molecular epidemiological studies of anthrax.
Anthrax ; Bacillus anthracis* ; Bacillus* ; Base Sequence ; Classification ; DNA ; Evolution, Molecular* ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Korea* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Tandem Repeat Sequences*

Authors analysed and present the results of CT in evaluating preoperative staging, of non-Small cell lungconcer, especially focusing mediastinal lymph node metastasis and direct invasion to the mediastinum or chestwall. All 28 cases were thoroughly assessed by open thoracotomy and mediastinoscopy in Seoul Natinal UniversityHospital during recent 3 years. The results are as follows: 1. 26 cases were male and 2 cases were female withpeak age incidence of 6th decade. 2. Histopathological type were 20 cases of squamous cell carcinoma, 6 cases ofadenocarcinoma, 1 case of undifferentiated large cell carcinoma and 1 case of adenosquamous cell carcioma. 3.Overall prevalence rate of mediastinal lymph node metastasis was 37%. Prospective metastatic lymph node evaluationusing 15mm size criterior revealed sensitivity 56%, specificity 92%, accuracy 76%. Retrospective analysis using10mm size criterior revealed sensitivity 90%, specificity 53%, accuracy 67%, while the results of 15mm sizecirterior were sensitivity 60%, specificity 88%, accuracy 78%. 4. Plotted ROC curve with 109 mediastinal lymphnodes suggested optimum size criterior of metastasis being between 10mm and 15mm in diameter. 5. Prevalence rateof direct mediastinal or chest wall invasion was 31%. Results of CT interpretation concerning direct mediastinalor chest wall invasion revealed sensitivity 63%, specificity 100%, accuracy 88%. Authors believe from the basis ofthese results that CT palys unique and reliable role in preoperative staging of non-small cell carcinoma of lungand emphasize CT should be a routine preoperative staging work up.
Carcinoma, Large Cell ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lymph Nodes ; Male ; Mediastinoscopy ; Mediastinum ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prevalence ; Prospective Studies ; Retrospective Studies ; ROC Curve ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Seoul ; Thoracic Wall ; Thoracotomy

Authors analysed and present chest X-ray findings of serologically proven leptospirosis from Seoul NationalUniversity Hospital, either admitted or referred for serological verification, during recent 2 years. Radiologicalfindings were correlated with the lung specimen finding of experimentally induced leptospirosis in guinea pig. Theresults are as follows: 1. 24 cases(56%) showed positive X-ray findings. 2. Predominent radiological patterns ofinvolved lung were tiny dot, small nodule, rosette density in 11 cases, massive confluent consolidation in 4cases, and diffuse ill-defined veilly increased density in 9 cases. 3. Distribution of pulmonary lesions werebilateral (100%), non-lobar, non-segmental(95%), and there were conspicuous tendency of peripheral lungpredominence. 4. Extrapulmonary manifestation, such as pleural effusion or cardiomegaly was rare. 5. Pulmonarylesions resolved completely usually 5 to 10 days after their appearance. 6. From the gross and microscopicfindings of serially sacrified guinea pig's lung and a case of autopsy, authors conlcuded that fine dot-likedensity in chest X-ray was due to petechial hemorrhage in intraalveolar space at initial stage, growing up toressette density or confluent consolidation as the petechia extends to surrounding lung forming purpura andcoalescent hemorrhage.
Animals ; Autopsy ; Cardiomegaly ; Guinea ; Guinea Pigs ; Hemorrhage ; Leptospirosis ; Lung ; Pleural Effusion ; Purpura ; Seoul ; Thorax

PURPOSE: This study was performed to recognize the importance of early diagnosis and early operation for midgut volvulus in newborn babies and infants. METHODS: A retrospective review of the medical records for 21 patients operated on for midgut volvulus at Asan Medical Center from April 1991 to May 2001 was done. The cases of malrotation without volvulus were excluded. RESULTS: There were 15 males and 6 females. Neonates comprised 76% of the total and all others were less than 7 months of age. The most common symptom was bilious vomiting of sudden onset. Fetal volvulus occurred in one. Simple X-rays showed nonspecific findings except in 4 cases with proximal bowel dilation and 1 case with free air. Ultrasonography was diagnostic in all 18 cases. Surgery was performed on the same day of admission in 11 cases and on the next day in 5. All showed clockwise volvulus from 180 to 900 degrees. Gastric perforation was accompanied in one case. One death was recorded in fetal volvulus. Two cases were complicated by adhesive obstruction. CONCLUSION: Midgut volvulus should be considered in healthy babies, especially in newborns, presenting with bilious vomiting. Ultrasonography is an effective, noninvasive diagnostic tool. Early diagnosis and operation of midgut volvulus are vitally important to decrease mortality and to prevent severe complication.
Adhesives ; Chungcheongnam-do ; Early Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Intestinal Obstruction ; Intestinal Volvulus* ; Male ; Medical Records ; Mortality ; Retrospective Studies ; Ultrasonography ; Vomiting

Extramammary Paget's disease is a rare malignancy occuring mainly in apocrine gland- bearing areas such as vulva, scrotum, perianal area, and axilla. Histopathologically, the Paget's cells are usually confined within the epidermis and may be associated with underlying adenocarcinoma. Although surgical excision is the treatment of choice, the clinical demarcation of the lesion is still a frequent problem in the treatment of extramammary Paget's disease. We tried photodynamic diagnosis to determine the surgical margin of extramammary Paget's disease and with surgical excision guided by photodynamic diagnosis successfully treated two cases.
Adenocarcinoma ; Axilla ; Diagnosis* ; Epidermis ; Paget Disease, Extramammary* ; Scrotum ; Vulva