BACKGROUND: A and B transferase are glycosyltransferase that transfer N-acetylgalactosamine and D- galactose to H antigen, respectively and lead to the expression of A and B phenotypes in ABO blood group system. Reduced or no activities of serum A and B transferase were observed in some A and B subgroup individuals. Determining the activities of serum A and B transferase can be useful in discriminating rare A and B subgroups. MATERIALS AND METHODS: ABO typing, saliva test, adsorption elution test and serum transferase assay were performed on samples from 12 individuals showing ABO discrepancy or weakened cell typing reactions which were referred to the Seoul National University Hospital to confirm their ABO blood types. Serum transferase activity was assayed by determining the ability of serum to convert group 0 RBCs into A or B cells. RESULTS: Determination of serum ABO transferase activity was useful in the identification of Ael (3 cases), B. (2 cases), Bm (1 case), Am (1 case), Bx (1 case), 0 with weakened anti-A or anti-B (3 cases), and A without anti-B due to hypogammaglobulinemia (1 case). CONCLUSION: Determining serum A and B glycosyltransferase activity was proven to be a simple and useful tool for the classification of several ABO subgroups.(Korean J Blood Transfusion 10(1): 27-33, 1999)
ABO Blood-Group System ; Adsorption ; Agammaglobulinemia ; B-Lymphocytes ; Blood Transfusion ; Classification* ; Galactose ; Phenotype ; Saliva ; Seoul ; Transferases

OBJECTIVES: This study was performed to compare the dietary life of single- and non single-person households in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). METHODS: A nationally representative sample of 20,421 19-64-year-olds who had 24-hour recall data was taken from the 2014-2016 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Single- and non single-persons were compared for nutrient intake, dietary behaviors, food consumption patterns, nutrition education and confirm nutrition label. RESULTS: The dietary intakes of dietary fiber and iron were lower in single-person households than in non single-person households. The lower the level of education and income, the lower the nutrient intake of single-person households. In the case of those aged 19 to 29, the breakfast skipping rate was higher in single-person households than in non single-person households. The higher the education level, the higher the breakfast skipping rate and the eating out frequency in the single-person households. In the food intake survey, the frequency of healthy food intake in single-person households was much lower than that of non single-person households. The confirmation rate of nutrition labeling was lower in single-person households than in non single-person households. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that single-person households have poorer health-nutritional behaviors than multi-person households. Therefore, a nutrition education program based on the data of this study needs to be developed for health promotion of single-person households.
Breakfast ; Dietary Fiber ; Eating ; Education ; Family Characteristics ; Food Labeling ; Health Promotion ; Iron ; Korea ; Nutrition Surveys

OBJECTIVES: This study was performed to compare the dietary life of single- and non single-person households in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). METHODS: A nationally representative sample of 20,421 19-64-year-olds who had 24-hour recall data was taken from the 2014-2016 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Single- and non single-persons were compared for nutrient intake, dietary behaviors, food consumption patterns, nutrition education and confirm nutrition label. RESULTS: The dietary intakes of dietary fiber and iron were lower in single-person households than in non single-person households. The lower the level of education and income, the lower the nutrient intake of single-person households. In the case of those aged 19 to 29, the breakfast skipping rate was higher in single-person households than in non single-person households. The higher the education level, the higher the breakfast skipping rate and the eating out frequency in the single-person households. In the food intake survey, the frequency of healthy food intake in single-person households was much lower than that of non single-person households. The confirmation rate of nutrition labeling was lower in single-person households than in non single-person households. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that single-person households have poorer health-nutritional behaviors than multi-person households. Therefore, a nutrition education program based on the data of this study needs to be developed for health promotion of single-person households.
Breakfast ; Dietary Fiber ; Eating ; Education ; Family Characteristics ; Food Labeling ; Health Promotion ; Iron ; Korea ; Nutrition Surveys

Objectives: This study was intended to investigate adults’ health behaviors and eating habits according to their levels of social media use. Methods: From May 27 to July 11, 2022, an online survey was conducted of 452 male and female social media users in their 20s and 30s, and their eating habits and health behaviors were compared and analyzed according to their degree of social media use. For each of the three levels of food content use, the frequency of social media content use, and the total score range of average social media viewing time per day were divided into three parts, and a group with a score of less than 2 points was classified as low-use; a group with a score of 2 or more and less than 3 points was classified as middle-use; and a group with a score of 3 points or more was classified as high-use. Results: The use of food content was higher in women than in men (P < 0.001), and higher in those in their 20s than in those in their 30s (P < 0.001). The group with a high level of food content use showed a higher rate of post-use hunger than the group with a low level (P < 0.01). The experience of eating after using food content was also higher in the group with a high level of use than in the group with a low level of use (P < 0.001). The group with a normal or high level of food content use had more negative eating habits than the group with a low level. Conclusions The study highlighted the need to provide desirable food content to people in their 20s and 30s with negative eating habits and to promote them so that they can use the right healthy nutrition–related content.

No abstract available.
Humans* ; Leukemia*

BACKGROUND: Strabismus surgery is associated with a high incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Propofol is an anesthetic which has an antiemetic effect. A randomized study was done to compare the efficacy of propofol-fentanyl and propofol-ketorolac anesthesia for strabismus surgery in children. METHODS: Eighty-five children, ASA physical status I or II, for strabismus surgery, were studied. Patients were randomly assigned to one of two groups by picking the envelop. Preanesthetic medication was not given. Fentanyl group received fentanyl 1.5 microgram/kg i.v. and ketorolac group received ketorolac 1 mg/kg, 2 minutes before induction. Atropine was given after that. Anesthesia was induced with propofol 2.4 mg/kg and vecuronium 1 mg/kg and intubation was performed. Anesthesia was maintained with a three-stage infusion technique of propofol (12 mg/kg/hr for 1st 10 minutes, 9 mg/kg/hr for 2nd 10 minutes and 6 mg/kg/hr was followed) with oxygen and nitrous oxide. Ketorolac was injected intramuscularly for preemptive analgesia immediate after induction. The incidence of nausea and vomiting was evaluated for postoperative 48 hours. And also, intraoperative oculocardiac reflex was monitored to compare the difference between two groups. RESULTS: During postoperative 48 hours, fentanyl group and ketorolac group had a similar low incidence of nausea and vomiting (4.2% and 7.0%). There is no significant difference of intraoperative oculocardiac reflex between two groups (45.2% and 30.2%). CONCLUSIONS: Propofol administered to induce and maintain anesthesia with a three-stage infusion technique is equally effective in preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in propofol-fentanyl and propofol-ketorolac anesthesia for strabismus surgery in children.
Analgesia ; Anesthesia* ; Antiemetics ; Atropine ; Child* ; Fentanyl ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intubation ; Ketorolac ; Nausea ; Nitrous Oxide ; Oxygen ; Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting* ; Preanesthetic Medication ; Propofol ; Reflex, Oculocardiac ; Strabismus* ; Vecuronium Bromide ; Vomiting

BACKGROUND: Platelet antibody test has been used in the diagnosis and management of immunological platelet disorders and platelet crossmatch. Mixed passive hemagglutination (MPHA) test is a cost-effective, reproducible, easy to perform and convenient method. Anti-IgG coated indicator red cells used for MPHA test have not been made in Korea and those cells have been exclusively donated by Dr. Shibata in Japan. This study was designed to produce domestic indicator cells and to determine its acceptability by comparing to the results obtained with Dr. Shibata's indicator cells. We produced homemade indicator cells by coating human RhD-positive O RBC with human IgG anti-D (check cell) and then coated with rabbit anti-human IgG. METHODS: Sixty three sera from healthy male donors, 58 sera tested positive in platelet suspension immunofluorescence test (PSIFT), and 61 sera tested negative in PSIFT were evaluated by MPHA employing both homemade and Dr. Shibata's indicator cells. RESULTS: The concordance rate between PSIFT and homemade MPHA was 74%. Test results of MPHA with homemade indicator cell showed excellent correlation with Shibata's indicator cell (P=0.002). All of 63 sera from healthy volunteer male blood donors without history of transfusion were tested negative with homemade MPHA method. Test results of MPHA employing homemade indicator cells showed excellent correlation with those of PSIFT (P=2.67x10-8). CONCLUSIONS: Homemade indicator cells we developed in this study were able to replace Dr. Shibata's indicator cells for the MPHA test.
Blood Donors ; Blood Platelets* ; Diagnosis ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Healthy Volunteers ; Hemagglutination* ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Japan ; Korea ; Male ; Tissue Donors

Hydrogel buckles, which are used in scleral buckling surgery for retinal detachment, have been associated with late complications after successful retinal reattachment surgery, including strabismus, extraocular motility restriction, extrusion through the eyelid or conjunctiva, intraocular erosion, and scleral erosion. Hydrogel buckles sometimes appear as well-marginated, circumferential, lobulating, contoured cystic masses mimicking orbital cysts on orbital CT or MRI. We report the radiologic findings in 5 patients whose hydrogel buckles needed to be differentiated from orbital cysts.
Conjunctiva ; Eyelids ; Foreign Bodies ; Humans ; Hydrogel ; Orbit ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinaldehyde ; Scleral Buckling ; Strabismus ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

PURPOSE: We report a case of Parry-Romberg syndrome associated with right enophthalmos, hypotropia, up-gaze limitation, en coup the sabre, morphea, and hypothyroidism. CASE SUMMARY: A 41-year-old woman presented with slowly progressive right enophthalmos that started 5 years previous. With a Hertel exophthalmometer, the right eye measured 10 mm, and the left eye 13 mm. Right enophthalmos and atrophy of subcutaneous tissues of right side orbit were observed. Axial scan of computerized tomography shows atrophy of right side orbital subcutaneous tissues without bony abnormality. At primary gaze, 4 prism diopter hypotropia was observed in the right eye. Up-gaze was limited in both eyes. Visual acuity was 1.0 in both eyes. No specific sign was found in her anterior segment. The patient had experienced right side alopecia 20 years prior and had undergone biopsy, which proved morphea. Linear en coup de sabre morphea was found on the right forehead and scalp. Hypothyroidism due to Hashimoto's thyroiditis was diagnosed based on a blood test, which also showed positive antinuclear antibody. Thus, the patient was diagnosed with Parry-Romberg syndrome associated with hypothyroidism. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians need to consider the rare disease Parry-Romberg syndrome when a patient with ophthalmologic symptoms such as enopthlamos or eye movement disorders is accompanied by dermatologic symptoms such as linear en coup de sabre morphea or alopecia.
Adult ; Alopecia ; Antibodies, Antinuclear ; Atrophy ; Biopsy ; Enophthalmos ; Facial Hemiatrophy* ; Female ; Forehead ; Hematologic Tests ; Humans ; Hypothyroidism* ; Ocular Motility Disorders ; Orbit ; Rare Diseases ; Scalp ; Scleroderma, Localized ; Subcutaneous Tissue ; Thyroid Gland ; Thyroiditis ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: To report a case of apocrine sudoriferous cyst in the left medial canthal region occurred after trauma. CASE SUMMARY: A 75-year-old woman was referred for mass in the medial canthal region after trauma. The patient had got injured and been sutured on left medial canthal region when she was 11 years of age. The painless mass in the left canthal region has occurred after that. The orbital computed tomography showed a 20 x 12 x 19 mm-sized cystic mass. On physical examination, left telecanthus, left exotropia and left hypertropia were also observed. The cyst contained turbid grayish fluid and was removed completely through transcutaneous incision. On histopathologic examination, the cyst was confirmed to apocrine sudoriferous cyst lined by two-layered cuboidal epithelia.
Aged ; Exotropia ; Female ; Humans ; Orbit ; Physical Examination ; Strabismus