No abstract available.
Mediastinitis*

No abstract available.
Mediastinitis*

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a relatively new non-invasive surgical procedures, enjoying ever-increasing popularity and presenting new anesthetic challenges. The advantages of shorter hospital stay and more rapid return to normal activities are combined with less pain associated with the small limited incision and less postoperative ileus. During this procedure, the deliberate pneumoperitoneum with carbon dioxide(CO2) insufflation may cause some problems such as hypercarbia, hypertension, pneumomediastinum and other cardiovascular impairments. This study was performed to search a anesthetic method, which has least increase in blood pressure during CO2 insufflation, and to find out whether increased PaCO2 is a major causative factor in the changes of blood pressure during this period. Sixty patients of ASA class 1 or 2 were classified randomly into 3 groups. Group C(control group) was received enflurane-N2O-O2, and others were recieved enflurane-propofol(group P), or enflurane-propofol-fentanyl(group F), respectively. The blood pressure and heart rate were measured at 1 min before CO2 insufflation and 1 min, 5 min, 15 min after insufflation and 1 min before deflation, 5 min after deflation. Also PaCO2 were checked at 1 min before, and 15 min after insufflation. The results were follows ; 1) Changes of arterial pressure : The control group showed most prominent increasing in systolic and mean blood pressure during CO2 insufflation(P<0.05). Group F produced the least increase in blood pressure during CO2 insufflation, compared with group C and P(P<0.05). 2) Changes of heart rate : Although, in the preinsufflation period, heart rates in the group F were significantly lower than other groups, there were no significant changes in heart rates in each group. 3) Changes of PaCO2: There were no siginificant increases in PaCO2 in each group, and no differences between the groups. In conclusion, fentanyl and propofol added light enflurane anesthesia could be a method of the least increase in blood pressure during the laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and increased PaCO2 would not be a major causative factor in hypertension during CO2 insuftlation.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General* ; Arterial Pressure ; Blood Pressure ; Carbon Dioxide* ; Carbon* ; Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic ; Enflurane ; Fentanyl ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Ileus ; Insufflation ; Laparoscopy ; Length of Stay ; Mediastinal Emphysema ; Pneumoperitoneum ; Propofol

In situ hybridization using biotinylated HPV(Human papillomaviruses) probes was performed to detect HPV DNA in 24 patients with genital wart-like lesions. The lesions were divided into two groups, with or without dysplastic changes histologically. We could detect HPV6/11 in 13 of 17 lesions(76.5%) without dysplastic changes. HPU16/18 was detected in a case with dysplastic changes. HPV6/ll was also detected in a case considered to be misdiagnosed as bowenoid papulosis. Oncogenic HPV such as HPV16/18 was found in one of histologically splastic lesions(14.3%).
Condylomata Acuminata* ; DNA* ; Humans* ; In Situ Hybridization

A 25-year-old male patient was received emergency operation, open reduction and tenorrhaphy owing to degloving injury on the dorsum of his left hand, under axillary brachial plexus block using a transarterial approach. Following operation, he revealed the signs and symptoms of brachial plexus injury such as weakness, sensory deficit and tingling sensation on his left forearm and hand. The finding on electromyography (EMG), performed on the 16th postoperative day (POD), was indicative of left incomplete brachial plexus injury, mainly in medial cord and ulnar nerve, and partially median and radial nerve at/above the axillary level. The signs and symptoms were improved slightly on POD 8 and a lot on POD 23. The complete recovery of symptoms and regeneration of injured nerve on EMG were confirmed 3 months following operation. In this case, the causative factors of brachial plexus injury were suggested in stretching of the brachial plexus due to improper positioning of injured arm during or after operation, combined with or without injury due to nerve block or tourniquet compression.
Adult ; Arm ; Brachial Plexus* ; Electromyography ; Emergencies ; Forearm ; Hand ; Humans ; Male ; Nerve Block ; Radial Nerve ; Regeneration ; Sensation ; Tourniquets ; Ulnar Nerve

Background: Given that the role of serum testosterone on incident cardiovascular disease has been uncertain, it is necessary to find out the relationship between serum testosterone and carotid atherosclerosis. Methods: The study participants included 1,302 Korean adults (873 men and 429 postmenopausal women) who participated in the Healthy Twin Study and were not receiving androgen deprivation therapy. The participants were classified into three groups: men aged <40 and ≥40 years and postmenopausal women. Total testosterone (TT) and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) concentrations were measured using electrochemiluminescence immunoassays, and free testosterone (cFT) levels were calculated using Vermeulen’s method. Carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) was measured at three levels using a high-resolution B-mode ultrasound equipped with a 7-MHz linear transducer. The associations between sex hormone concentrations and carotid IMT were evaluated using a mixed linear regression analysis. Results: After adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors, TT was found to be inversely associated with common carotid IMT in men aged ≥40 years, with a 4.5% decrease in common carotid IMT for every one-standard deviation increase in TT concentration (P=0.0063). In contrast, TT was not significantly associated with carotid IMT in all segments in men aged <40 years and postmenopausal women. Additionally, SHBG and cFT were not associated with carotid IMT in any segment. Conclusion The significant association between TT level and common carotid IMT in men aged ≥40 years suggests that decreased testosterone levels are involved in the development of atherosclerosis in men.

Retroperitoneal ganglioneuroma is a rare benign tumor, which is included in the neuroblastomas group. It can occur anywhere along the peripheral autonomic ganglion sites, and the tumor is often incidentally detected in asymptomatic patients or may produce symptoms related to the slow growing tumor. Surgical excision is the treatment of choice and the prognosis is good. We report a case of retroperitoneal ganglioneuroma, which was incidentally detected in the first trimester of pregnancy in a 29-year-old woman. Surgical resection of the ganglioneuroma was done at the time of cesarean section at full term without complications.
Adult ; Cesarean Section ; Female ; Ganglia, Autonomic ; Ganglioneuroma* ; Humans ; Neuroblastoma ; Pregnancy Trimester, First ; Pregnancy* ; Prognosis

Distraction osteogenesis is a well-established clinical treatment for limb length discrepancy and skeletal deformities. Appropriate mechanical tension-stress is believed not to break the callus but rather to stimulate osteogenesis. In contrast to fracture healing, the mode of bone formation in distraction osteogenesis is primarily intramembranous ossification. Although the biomechanical, histological, and ultrastructural changes associated with distraction osteogenesis have been widely described, the basic biology of the process is still not well known. Moreover, the molecular mechanisms in distraction osteogenesis remain largely unclear. Recent studies have implicated the growth factor cascade is likely to play an important role in distraction. And current reserch suggested that mechanical tension-stress modulates cell shape and phenotype, and stimulates the expression of the mRNA for bone matrix proteins. This article presents the hypotheses and current research that have furthered knowledge of the molecular biology that govern distraction osteogenesis. The gene regulation of growth factors and extracellular matrix proteins during distraction osteogenesis are discussed in this article. It is believed that understanding the biomolecular mechanisms that mediate distraction osteogenesis may guide the development of targeted strategies designed to improve distraction osteogenesis and accelerate bone healing.
Biology ; Bone Matrix ; Bony Callus ; Cell Shape ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Extracellular Matrix Proteins ; Extremities ; Fracture Healing ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Molecular Biology* ; Osteogenesis ; Osteogenesis, Distraction* ; Phenotype ; RNA, Messenger

No abstract available.
Photochemotherapy ; Porokeratosis

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Vascular inflammation is an important feature in the atherosclerotic process. Recent studies report that leaves and branches of Carpinus turczaninowii (C. turczaninowii) have antioxidant capacity and exert anti-inflammatory effects. However, no study has reported the regulatory effect of C. turczaninowii extract on the arterial inflammatory response. This study therefore investigated modulation of the arterial inflammatory response after exposure to C. turczaninowii extract, using human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (HAoSMCs). MATERIALS/METHODS: Scavenging activity of free radicals, total phenolic content (TPC), cell viability, mRNA expressions, and secreted levels of cytokines were measured in LPS-stimulated (10 ng/mL) HAoSMCs treated with the C. turczaninowii extract. RESULTS: C. turczaninowii extract contains high amounts of TPC (225.6 ± 21.0 mg of gallic acid equivalents/g of the extract), as well as exerts time-and dose-dependent increases in strongly scavenged free radicals (average 14.8 ± 1.97 µg/mL IC50 at 40 min). Cell viabilities after exposure to the extracts (1 and 10 µg/mL) were similar to the viability of non-treated cells. Cytokine mRNA expressions were significantly suppressed by the extracts (1 and 10 µg/mL) at 6 hours (h) after exposure. Interleukin-6 secretion was dose-dependently suppressed 2 h after incubation with the extract, at 1–10 µg/mL in non-stimulated cells, and at 5 and 10 µg/mL in LPS-stimulated cells. Similar patterns were also observed at 24 h after incubation with the extract (at 1–10 µg/mL in non-stimulated cells, and at 10 µg/mL in the LPS-stimulated cells). Soluble intracellular vascular adhesion molecules (sICAM-1) secreted from non-stimulated cells and LPS-stimulated cells were similarly suppressed in a dose-dependent manner after 24 h exposure to the extracts, but not after 2 h. In addition, sICAM-1 concentration after 24 h treatment was positively related to IL-6 levels after 2 h and 24 h exposure (r = 0.418, P = 0.003, and r = 0.524, P < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that C. turczaninowii modulates the arterial inflammatory response, and indicates the potential to be applied as a therapeutic use for atherosclerosis.
Antioxidants ; Arteries ; Atherosclerosis ; Betulaceae ; Cell Survival ; Cytokines ; Free Radicals ; Gallic Acid ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; Interleukin-6 ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; Phenol ; RNA, Messenger