Osteoporosis associated with pregnancy is rare, but it is accompanied by a substantial bone loss, resulting in fracture by minimal trauma. Nevertheless, this clinical significance is often ignored because the pain in various parts of the body is taken as an integral part of the pregnancy and it is possible that milder forms of this condition go unnoticed. Also, this disease is often confused with a variety of other condition associated with pregnancy and misdiagnosed. Although its etiology is still unknown, but variant theory is speculated. Pregnancy and lactation increase the demand on the maternal skeletal calcium restores and underlying genetic susceptibility may cause it. Recently it has been proposed that PTH-related protein may be an important causative factor. There are three types of the pregnancy associated osteoporosis, a transient osteoporosis of the hip in pregnancy, a postpregnancy spinal osteoporosis and a lactation-associated osteoporosis. We present a case of 24-years old women with postpregnancy spinal osteoporosis that showed multiple lumbar compression fracture and biochemical evidence of increased bone resorption.
Bone Resorption ; Calcium ; Female ; Fractures, Compression ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Hip ; Humans ; Lactation ; Osteoporosis* ; Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein ; Pregnancy ; Young Adult

In situ hybridization using biotinylated HPV(Human papillomaviruses) probes was performed to detect HPV DNA in 24 patients with genital wart-like lesions. The lesions were divided into two groups, with or without dysplastic changes histologically. We could detect HPV6/11 in 13 of 17 lesions(76.5%) without dysplastic changes. HPU16/18 was detected in a case with dysplastic changes. HPV6/ll was also detected in a case considered to be misdiagnosed as bowenoid papulosis. Oncogenic HPV such as HPV16/18 was found in one of histologically splastic lesions(14.3%).
Condylomata Acuminata* ; DNA* ; Humans* ; In Situ Hybridization

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the factors that influence the wellness of bus drivers by examining the relationships between job stress, physical activity, subjective happiness, and wellness. Methods: Self-report questionnaires were distributed during October 2017. Results: Based on a multiple regression analysis, the significant factors found to affect the wellness of bus drivers were physical activity (β=.48,p<.001), subjective happiness (β=.25, p=.001), and job stress (β=-.17, p=.025). The total explanatory power of the study variables for wellness was 45.7% (F=33.04, p<.001). Conclusion These findings highlight a need to develop workplace wellness programs to reduce job stress and improve physical activity and subjective happiness among bus drivers.

PURPOSE: Interictal F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET and ictal Tc-99m-HMPAO SPECT are found to be useful in localizing epileptogenic zones in neocortical lateral temporal or frontal lobe epilepsy. We investigated whether interictal F-18-FDG PET or ictal Tc-99m-HMPAO SPECT was useful to find epileptogenic zones in occipital lobe epilepsy (OLE). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed patterns of hypometabolism in interictal F-18-FDG PET and of hyperperfusion in ictal Tc-99m-HMPAO SPECT in 17 OLE patients (mean age=27+/-6.8 year, M:F=10:7, injection time=30+/-17 sec). OLE was diagnosed based on invasive electroencephalography (EEG) study, surgery and post-surgical outcome (Engel class I in all for average 14 months). RESULTS: Epileptogenic zones were correctly localized in 9 (60%) out of 15 patients by interictal F-18-FDG PET. Epiletogenic hemispheres were correctly lateralized in 14 patients (93%). By ictal Tc-99m-HMPAO SPECT, epileptogenic hemispheres were correctly lateralized in 13 patients (76%), but localization was possible only in 3 patients (18%). Among patients who showed no abnormality with MR imaging and no correct localization with ictal Tc-99m-HMPAO SPECT, interictal F-18-FDG PET was helpful in 2 patients. CONCLUSION:: Ictal Tc-99m-HMPAO SPECT was helpful in lateralization but not in localization in OLE. Interictal F-18-FDG PET was helpful for localization of epileptogenic zones even in patients with ambiguous MR or ictal SPECT findings. Key KW: Occipital lobe epilepsy, Tc-99m-HMPAO, Ictal perfusion SPECT, F-18-FDG, PET, SPECT
Electroencephalography ; Epilepsies, Partial* ; Epilepsy, Frontal Lobe ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Occipital Lobe* ; Perfusion ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon*

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Diagnosis of nasal bone fracture is important because of not only deformity of the external nose but also because of other additional injuries around the nose. The purpose of this study is to explore the incidence, type, location and direction of nasal septal fracture in nasal bone fracture patients who were diagnosed by nasal bone CT. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: We analysed the medical records and films of 135 nasal bone fracture patients who were diagnosed by computerized tomography from January 2005 to September 2005. The nasal bone fracture was classified by six types on nasal bone CT: unilateral, bilateral, open book, impacted, greenstick, comminuted. The external deviation of nasal bone (20 degree below or up) and correlation between septal fracture and nasal bone fracture were analysed by chi-square test (p<0.05). RESULTS: The incidence of each type of nasal bone fracture is unilateral (41%), bilateral (18%), open book (8%), impacted (6%), green stick (17%), and comminuted (10%). The incidence of combined septal fracture was high in comminuted and impacted rather than in unilateral and bilateral (p<0.05). And there was no correlation between the directions of the trauma force and nasal septal deviation. CONCLUSION: The incidence of concurrent nasal septal fracture when nasal bone fracture occur is relatively high, so we must consider nasal septum more carefully on nasal trauma.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Incidence ; Medical Records ; Nasal Bone* ; Nasal Septum ; Nose

PURPOSE: This study aimed to identify the scores of postpartum depression(PPD) on the first day, 1st week, and 6th week after the delivery and to explore their related factors before and after delivery in postpartum women. METHODS: With a survey design, 293 postpartum women were recruited from a postpartum unit, Ilsin Christian hospital in Pusan via convenience sampling and were followed at 1st week and 6th week in the outpatient clinic. RESULTS: Results showed that the scores of PPD(EPDS score) were low at postpartum 1st day, 1st week and 6th week but prevalence of PPD(EPDS > or =13) was 3.1% at 1st day, 8.2% at 1st week and 7.5% at 6th week, respectively. The pre-delivery factors were experience of depression, and the post-delivery factors were baby's sex(1st day), no caregiver for baby(1st week), and no help and concern for taking care of baby from husband and family(1st day and 6th week). The greater satisfaction with becoming a mother and her life, and greater maternal attachment were related to lower level of PPD at the three time points. CONCLUSION: Regular screening for postpartum depression and supportive and informative education is needed for postpartum women visiting the outpatient clinic for follow-up.
Ambulatory Care Facilities ; Caregivers ; Depression ; Depression, Postpartum ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Mothers ; Postpartum Period ; Prevalence ; Spouses ; Tuberculin

No abstract available.
Brain* ; Glucose* ; Metabolism* ; Vomiting*

PURPOSE: To report a patient with Freeman-Sheldon syndrome with blepharophimosis. METHODS: A 4-year-old girl with congenital facial abnormalities consistent with Freeman-Sheldon syndrome presented with complaints of blepharophimosis. The characteristic features of microstomia, down-slanting palpebral fissure, blepharoptosis, and telecanthus were also found. Y-V epicanthoplasty and levator aponeurosis resection were performed. RESULTS: Surgical intervention to correct ptosis and telecanthus led to initially fair cosmetic results, but one month later an unexpected decrease in interpalpebral fissure height was noted. CONCLUSIONS: Freeman-Sheldon syndrome with blepharophimosis is very rare. It was necessary to correct blepharoptosis, telecanthus, and blepharophimosis in the oculoplastic service in this case.
Blepharophimosis ; Blepharoptosis ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Microstomia

BACKGROUND: Right ventricular apical (RVA) pacing induces left ventricular (LV) dyssynchrony, increases the risk of persistent atrial fibrillation in the long term. The aim was to investigate the effects of RVA pacing on left atrial (LA) function, which are unknown. METHODS: Echocardiographic evaluation including LV dyssynchrony based on conventional Doppler, tissue Doppler imaging and speckle tracking strain echocardiography was done before and after (12 months) single-chamber ventricular pacemaker implantation in 40 patients with sick sinus syndrome. Patients were divided to 2 groups, according to the RVA pacing frequency (group I had higher pacing rate of more than 50% and group II, less than 50%). RESULTS: There was no significant difference in LV ejection fraction, however, mean global LV strain, myocardial performance index, and parameters of LV dyssynchrony had shown significant changes after 12 months of RVA pacing. There were also significant increase in the LA volume index and the reduction of peak systolic LA strain and strain rate (SR), peak early and late diastolic SR after RVA pacing. Moreover, there was significant deterioration of LV dyssynchrony and both LA and LV longitudinal function in even group II. LA functional deterioration and LA volume was significantly correlated with the frequency of RVA pacing. CONCLUSION: LV dyssynchrony, induced by RVA pacing, significantly impaired active LA contraction and passive stretching, and these findings were shown in the patients with even less than 50% of RVA pacing. Impairment of LA strain/SR was significantly correlated with the frequency of RVA pacing.
Atrial Fibrillation ; Atrial Function ; Atrial Function, Left ; Contracts ; Echocardiography ; Humans ; Muscle Stretching Exercises ; Sick Sinus Syndrome ; Sprains and Strains ; Track and Field

BACKGROUND: Right ventricular apical (RVA) pacing induces left ventricular (LV) dyssynchrony, increases the risk of persistent atrial fibrillation in the long term. The aim was to investigate the effects of RVA pacing on left atrial (LA) function, which are unknown. METHODS: Echocardiographic evaluation including LV dyssynchrony based on conventional Doppler, tissue Doppler imaging and speckle tracking strain echocardiography was done before and after (12 months) single-chamber ventricular pacemaker implantation in 40 patients with sick sinus syndrome. Patients were divided to 2 groups, according to the RVA pacing frequency (group I had higher pacing rate of more than 50% and group II, less than 50%). RESULTS: There was no significant difference in LV ejection fraction, however, mean global LV strain, myocardial performance index, and parameters of LV dyssynchrony had shown significant changes after 12 months of RVA pacing. There were also significant increase in the LA volume index and the reduction of peak systolic LA strain and strain rate (SR), peak early and late diastolic SR after RVA pacing. Moreover, there was significant deterioration of LV dyssynchrony and both LA and LV longitudinal function in even group II. LA functional deterioration and LA volume was significantly correlated with the frequency of RVA pacing. CONCLUSION: LV dyssynchrony, induced by RVA pacing, significantly impaired active LA contraction and passive stretching, and these findings were shown in the patients with even less than 50% of RVA pacing. Impairment of LA strain/SR was significantly correlated with the frequency of RVA pacing.
Atrial Fibrillation ; Atrial Function ; Atrial Function, Left ; Contracts ; Echocardiography ; Humans ; Muscle Stretching Exercises ; Sick Sinus Syndrome ; Sprains and Strains ; Track and Field