Clinical analysis of ths pcstoperative infection has been made on 511 traumatic patients, who had been admitted and operated in Orthopedic Department of Kyungpook National University Hospital during the period from January, 1972 to June, 1975. The following results were obtained. 1. Of the total 511 traumatic patients operated, 39 cases were infected, the infection rate being 7.6%. 2. The infection rate was higher (21.2%) in case of mutiple trauma than single trauma(3.6%) and also higher rate of infection was seen in the open wound(8.7%) than closed one(4.1%). 3. The most frequently involved sites of the trauma were the tibia and the femur occupying 51.9% of the total, and the next were the forearm and hand in decreasing order, but the highest infection rate was seen in the cases with hand injury(11.6%). 4. The incidence of infection was 15.7% in the debrided wound of crushing injury 14.0% in the cases with open fracture, and 4.1% in the closed fracture. 5. In relation to the operating time consumed, the infection rate was 5.0% in the cases of less. than 2 hours but it rose up to 9.4% when operation time exceeded 4hours, suggesting that the longer is the operating time the higher is the infection rate. 6. The infection rate was relatively low in the open wounds operated within 6 hours after injury and also it is low when operation was done within 1 week in case of closed wound. 7. Of the isolated microorganisms, tho coagulase positive staphylococcus was the most frequent offender occupying 33.3% of the total, and was relatively sensitive to kanamycin, vibramycin, and albamycin. The next frequent organism was pseudomonas and was relatively sensitive to gentamicin.
Coagulase ; Criminals ; Doxycycline ; Femur ; Forearm ; Fractures, Closed ; Fractures, Open ; Gentamicins ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Hand ; Humans ; Incidence ; Kanamycin ; Orthopedics ; Pseudomonas ; Staphylococcus ; Tibia ; Wounds and Injuries

A 30-year-old man with male phenotype visited our Infertility Clinic because of infertile marital life for 5 years. On physical examination, height was 162cm and body weight 52kg. Size of testis was 5 ml and that of penis, 6cm in length and 6cm in circumference. Distribution of pubic hair was sporadic and inverted triangle shape. No gynecomastia was obsessed. urogenital sinus or Mullerian duct system was not found in retrograde cystourethrography. Hormonal assay revealed that plasma FSH (46.6 IU/L) and LH (48.4 IU/L) were found to be elevated but testosterone (5.35 ng/ml) was within normal range. Prolactin level (21.1 ng/ml) was also normal. Repeated semen analyses showed that no sperm in 1.5-2.0 ml of ejaculates. Histology of testis revealed that hyalinization of seminiferous tubules and Leydig cell hyperplasia. Chromosomal analysis with peripheral blood revealed that 46XX by repeated analyses. This is first case report of XX male syndrome or sex reversal syndrome from Korea.
46, XX Testicular Disorders of Sex Development* ; Adult ; Body Weight ; Gynecomastia ; Hair ; Humans ; Hyalin ; Hyperplasia ; Infertility ; Korea ; Male ; Penis ; Phenotype ; Physical Examination ; Plasma ; Prolactin ; Reference Values ; Semen Analysis ; Seminiferous Tubules ; Spermatozoa ; Testis ; Testosterone

Diseases of the peripheral nervous system are the most prevalent in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Although increased blood levels of lead in ESRD have been reported, the role of lead remains to be elucidated. The purpose of this study was to determine the connection of blood lead concentration with peripheral nerve conduction velocity. One hundred ninety-eight healthy subjects (control group) and 68 patients with ESRD undergoing hemodialysis (ESRD group) were enrolled. Nerve conduction was measured within two hours after hemodialysis. Orthodromic sensory nerve action potentials and compound muscle action potentials were recorded on the median, ulnar, and radial nerves. Hemoglobin-corrected blood lead was significantly higher in ESRD patients than in controls (9.1+/-2.8 microgram/dL vs. 5.9+/-2.3 microgram/dL, p<0.001). 32.4% of 68 ESRD patients with diabetes mellitus were significantly related to poorer motor and sensory nerve conduction velocity (p<0.001). However, blood lead was not a significant predictor of the nerve conduction velocity (p>0.05). Our result suggested that even though the blood lead levels were high in ESRD, they were not associated with the decline of peripheral nerve function. Diabetes mellitus is a primary independent risk of neuropathy in ESRD patients.
Peripheral Nervous System Diseases/blood/etiology/physiopathology ; Peripheral Nerves/physiopathology ; Neural Conduction/*physiology ; Middle Aged ; Male ; Lead/*blood/metabolism ; Kidney Failure, Chronic/*blood/complications/*physiopathology ; Humans ; Female ; Diabetic Neuropathies/blood/physiopathology ; Case-Control Studies ; Bone and Bones/metabolism ; Body Burden ; Adult