Gastric precancerous lesion refers to epithelial dysplasia(atypical hyperplasia or intraepithelial neoplasias),which is associated with increased risk of gastric cancer.It happens to be controlled by multiple factors and/or polygene such as the H.pylori infection,diet and environment which play an important role in the development of gastric precancerous lesions.This article describes the pathogenesis of gastric precancerous lesions as many scholars have studied some of it.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of low molecular heparin combined with mesalazine in patients with active ulcerative colitis(UC).Methods 90 cases of patients with UC were randomly divided into three groups:A group,B group and C group,with 30 cases in each group.A group was given oral treatment with sulfasalazine enteric-coated tablets,B group was given oral treatment with mesalazine and C group was given low molecular heparin calcium combined with mesalazine (4100 iu,1 /d).The three groups were treated for 2 weeks. Coagulant function index such as activated partial prothrombin time (APTT),fibrinogen(FIB),platelet count(PLT), platelet maximum aggregation rate(PAG(Max)),D-dimer(D-D),C-reactive protein(CRP)were detected in the two groups before and after treatment of 7 and 14d.Mayo disease activity index score was also recorded before and after treatment of 7 and 14d.And the differences among three groups were compared.Results There were significant differences in APTT,FIB,PLT and PAG(Max)after 7d,14d treatment among A,B and C groups(7d:F value were 17.652,12.427,42.873,14.318 respectively;14d:F value were 43.804,139.172,51.932,79.440 respectively,all P value <0.05).APTT of C group after 7d,14d[(36.32 ±3.56)μg/mL,(40.15 ±4.24)μg/mL]were higher than B group[(32.14 ±2.86)μg/mL,(33.04 ±3.32)μg/mL]and A group [(31.82 ±3.36 )μg/mL,(32.15 ± 3.24)μg/mL];FIB of C group after 7d,14d[(4.07 ±0.41 )g/L,(3.14 ±0.28)g/L]were lower than B group [(4.47 ±0.40)g/L,(4.06 ±0.33)g/L]and A group[(4.58 ±0.44)g/L,(4.23 ±0.37)g/L];PLT of C group af-ter 7d,14d[(262.22 ±60.61)×109 /L,(201.38 ±49.42)×109 /L]were lower than B group[(296.34 ±63.51)× 109 /L,(253.25 ±55.47)×109 /L]and A group[(301.71 ±70.62)×109 /L,(262.05 ±64.11)×109 /L];PAG (Max)of C group after 7d,14d[(0.46 ±0.08),(0.30 ±0.05)]were lower than B group[(0.57 ±0.10),(0.46 ± 0.06)]and A group[(0.59 ±0.12),(0.51 ±0.08)].There were significant differences in CRP,D-D after 14d treatment among A,B and C groups(F value were 91.967,139.172 respectively,all P value <0.05).CRP of C group after 14d[(7.50 ±1.35)mg/L]were lower than B group[(10.80 ±1.37)mg/L]and A group[(12.12 ±1.64)mg/L];D-D of C group after 14d[(0.26 ±0.02)mg/L]were lower than B group[(0.47 ±0.03)mg/L]and A group[(0.51 ± 0.04)mg/L].There were significant differences in Mayo index score,△Mayo index score after 14d treatment among A,B and C groups (F value were 182.170,89.802 respectively,all P value <0.05).Mayo index score of C group after 14d(1.51 ±0.33)were lower than B group(2.93 ±0.46)and A group(3.42 ±0.63);.△Mayo index score of C group after 14d(5.67 ±1.60)were lower than B group(4.25 ±1.32)and A group(3.79 ±1.21);Pearson corre-lation analysis showed that △Mayo Mayo index score were positively correlated with PAG(Max)reduction△PAG (Max),△D-D,△CRP,△PTL(r value were 0.616,0.702,0.734,0.569,respectively,all P <0.05).Multiple step-wise linear regression analysis showed that △PAG(Max),△D-D,△CRP,△PTL were closely related to △Mayo Mayo index score(partial regression coefficient were 4.209,2.451,0.801 respectively;t value were 7.890,4.787, 2.201,respectively,all P <0.05).Conclusion The clinical effect of low molecular heparin combined with mesala-zine in patients with active ulcerative colitis is effective,and the method can significantly improve the inflammation in patients with UC and high coagulation state,improving the clinical symptoms is better than the single drug,and worth clinical recommendations.

Objective To study the effect of drug combined with psychological intervention on mental status and quality of life in patients with multi drug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis.MethodsIn Jiashan Second People's Hospital from January 2011 to December 2016 were 100 cases of multi drug resistant tuberculosis patients as the research object in the course of the study, were randomly divided into control group and experimental group two were 50 cases each.Patients in the control group were given routine drug treatment, and the patients in the experimental group were treated with psychological intervention on the basis of drug treatment.Comparison of the experimental group and the control group after 12 months of treatment, depression score and quality of life score.ResultsBefore treatment, there was no significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in the scores of life quality and the scores of depression and anxiety, which was not statistically significant.After treatment in December, the anxiety score of the patients in the experimental group was (41.2±8.2), and the score of depression was (36.4±4.5).The total score of quality of life was (75.2±11.2).The anxiety score of the control group was (52.3±7.4), and the score of depression was (45.4±5.6).The total score of QOL was (64.2±9.3).Thus, after the corresponding treatment, the experimental group of patients with depression and anxiety scores were significantly lower than those in the control group, the quality of life scores of the control group was significantly lower than the experimental group, with statistical difference (P<0.05).ConclusionThe drug combined with psychological intervention in treatment of multi drug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis can improve the therapeutic effect to a great extent, help the patients to relieve anxiety and depression and other negative emotions, improve the quality of life, with further clinical promotion and application significance.

OBJECTIVE To probe the possibility for CQI to raise the passing rate of hand-washing liquid. METHODS From Jul 2007 to Sep 2007,we applicated continuous quality improvement(CQI) in the management of the use of hand-washing liquid. RESULTS The failure rate of hand-washing liquid was decreased markedly (64% in July,36% in August,and in 12%September),and the difference among three months was significant (P

Objective To investigate the application of admission test as a medical management in the labor room.Methods Eight hundred and fifty singleton pregnant women underwent admission test in labor room at Women's Hospital,School of Medicine,Zhejiang University from Dec.2009 to Dec.2011 were enrolled into this study.They were divided into two groups:normal group (admission test was normal,n =658) and abnormal group (admission test was abnormal or undetermined,n =192).Deliveries and perinatal outcomes of them were observed.The difference between the two groups were compared with two independent sample t test and Chi-square test.Results There were no significant differences in the mean age at delivery of the women and mean birth weight of neonates between the two groups (all P＞0.05).The cesarean section rate of normal group (34.2％,225/658) was lower than that (59.4％,114/192) of abnormal group (x2=3.93,P＜0.05).The rates of prematurc rupture of membranes (72.4％,139/ 192),fetaldistress (42.2％,81/192),neonatal asphyxia (16.5％,27/192) and neonatal complications (31.8％,61/192) in abnormal group were significantly higher than those [31.0％ (204/658),24.2％ (159/ 658),0.2％(1/658) and 2.6％ (17/658)] in normal group (x2 =105.78,40.84,52.54 and 151.92,P＜0.01respectively).Conclusions Admission test is a good method to forecast placental function during labor and perinatal outcomes,which might play an important role in medical management in labor room.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impacts of bicyclo-monoterpene promoters (i.e., borneol and camphor) on the in vitro permeation of ligustrazine (LGT) through the hairless porcine dorsal skin. Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transdermal delivery kinetics in vitro were performed to investigate the effect of the promoters on the biophysical changes to the stratum corneum (SC), the surface changes to porcine skin and the in vitro percutaneous fluxes of ligustrazine through procine skin. FT-IR results revealed that the peak shift and the decrease in the peak area with borneol were higher than those with camphor. SEM studies demonstrated that the morphological change to SC was related to the chosen enhancer. It was observed that the SC lipid extraction with borneol and camphor led to disruption of the SC and the scutella desquamation. Apparent density (AD) was utilized to describe the desquamation extent of the scutella. Percutaneous fluxes of ligustrazine through porcine skin were evaluated in vitro by the Franz-type diffusion cells. Use of borneol led to greater penetration of ligustrazine across porcine skin. It was shown that the permeation enhancement mechanism of bicyclo-monoterpenes to ligustrazine included extracting and disordering lipids which involved the shift changes in C-H stretching and H-bonding action between enhancers and cermaide. The penetration capability of the hydroxy groups in bicyclo-monoterpenes was better than that of the ketone groups.

Aim To investigate the effect of icariin ( ICA) on renal interstitial fibrosis in SHR and explore its mechanism. Methods Fourteen male SHR of 13-week-old were randomly divided into model group( n=7 ) and ICA group ( n=7 ) , and WKY as control group (n=7). One week after adaptive breeding,the rats in the ICA group were given ICA 40 mg·kg-1,ig,bid to 26-week-old. The other rats in the model group and control group were given the same amount of normal sa-line. Then, the morphological changes of the kidney were observed by HE and Masson staining,respective-ly. The contents of plasma aldosterone andⅢcollagen were measured by double antibody sandwich method. The mRNA expressions of TGF-β1 , Smad2 , CTGF and FN were examined by real time RT-PCR. Results Compared with the normal control group, the kidney structures of model group were disordered,the mesang-ial matrix and the tubular interstitial fibrosis were in-creased. The contents of plasma aldosterone and Ⅲcollagen were increased in model group ( P <0. 01 ) . And the mRNA expressions of TGF-β1 , Smad2 , CTGF and FN in kidney tissues were up-regulated in model group( P <0. 01 or P <0. 05 ) . Compared with the model group,the kidney structures were improved and the contents of plasma aldosterone and Ⅲ collagen were reduced, as well as the mRNA expressions of TGF-β1,Smad2,CTGF and FN in kidney tissues were down-regulated(P<0. 01 or P<0. 05)in ICA group. Conclusion ICA may have anti-renal interstitial fi-brosis effect on SHR,and the mechanism might be re-lated to the reduced plasma aldosterone levels and the down-regulated expression of TGF-β1 and Smad2 .

Objective To establish plaque reduction assay and evaluate the activities of oseltamivir (tamiflu),amantadine,ribavirin and herb radix isatidis against influenza virus in vitro.Methods Plaque reduction assay was used to determine IC_(50) values of four studied drugs above in this susceptibility testing in which 8 clinical isolates(three influenza A virus isolates and five influenza B virus isolateds)were inoculated and tested.Results By testing of 8 clinical isolates of influenza virus A and B isolated between the year 2001 to 2008,oseltamivir and amantadine were found to be sensitive to influenza A virus with IC_(50) of 0.064 -0.128 mg/L and 0.5 mg/L,respectively.However,ribavirin(IC_(50)>8 mg/L)was not found to be sensitive,and herb radix isatidis had totally no activities.Unfortunately.all four studied drugs were not found to have activities against influenza B virus in vitro.Conclusions It Was indicated that oseltamivir and amantadine.but not ribavirin and herb radix isatidis.are sensitive to influenza A virus.All four studied drugs were not found to have activities against influenza B virus in vitro.

OBJECTIVE To investigate bacterial contamination of throat spray in different patient groups before and after using it and explore the satisfactory disinfection methods for decreasing the rate of hospital acquired infection.METHODS The methods were used in accordance with Disinfection Technology Criteria.We compared the germicidal effect of five kinds of methods.RESULTS Bacterial contamination was very serious after using throat spray,many bacteria,even pathogens,as well as the normal flora from the region of nasopharynx had been found there.Bacterial contamination was more serious in ENT department patient than in endoscopy patient after using throat sprays.Burning,alcohol,iodophor and disinfectants containing iodine with alcohol were better than oxidized potential water method on disinfection effect.CONCLUSIONS Much attention should be paid to the contamination of throat spray,selecting the most effective disinfection methods,hospital infections caused by invasive manipulation could be prevented when correct methods are adopted.

Objective To explore therapeutic effect of dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitor on type 2 diabetes mellitus with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Methods 120 patients suffering type 2 diabetes mellitus with nonal-coholic fatty liver disease from October 2014 to March 2016 in our hospital were randomly divided into two groups:treatment group and control group. Both groups were given type 2 diabetes conventional treatment ,and the treat-ment group was given dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitor in addition. Height,weight,waist circumference,hip cir-cumference were measured. Lipid metabolism and,function index,FPG,2 h PG,HbA1c,Ins,C peptide were detected. HOMA-IR was calculated. Results The total effective rate of clinical treatment of fatty liver in the treat-ment group(88.3%)was higher than the control group(78.3%). The difference was statistically significant. FPG , 2hPG,HbA1c,HOMA-IR,LDL-C,TC,TG,AST,ALT andγ-GT in the treatment group were lower than the con-trol group. The difference was also statistically significant. Conclusion The efficacy of sitagliptin in the treatment of type 2 diabetes with nonalcoholic fatty liver was significant. It can also significantly reduce blood glucose and in-sulin resistance. Furthermore ,it has a better effect on the patients with blood glucose control and lipid metabolism regulation.