BACKGROUND: During the orthodontic treatment, the results of related reports on potential risk factors affecting the clinical success rate of miniscrew implants are inconsistent. The influential factors that clinicians concern are not all included in this study, and the conclusions from animal experiments are difficult to apply to clinical practice directly. Therefore, what factors affect the clinical success rate of miniscrew implants need further thorough and systematic research. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the factors that influence the clinical success rate of miniscrew implants used as orthodontic anchorage. METHODS: A total of 114 patients with oral implants, including 42 males and 72 females, aged (19. 26±9. 19) years were included in this study. A total of 253 miniscrew implants were implanted as orthodontic anchorage. The following influential factors were included: Gender, age, vertical skeletal facial pattern, implant site, implant arch, soft tissue type at the implant site, oral hygiene status, diameter and length of the miniscrew implants, implantation method, implantation angle, stress loading timing and intensity, and clinical use. Logistic regression analysis was used to study the correlation between success rate and all variables. Analysis of variance was used to test the effect of each variable on clinical success rate. This trial protocol was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Sichuan University. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Among 253 successful miniscrew implants, the overall success rate was 88. 54% with an average loading period of 9. 5 months. The average loading period of the 29 failed miniscrew implants was 2. 3 months. The chi-square test, Fisher exact test and Logistic regression revealed that age, oral hygiene, vertical skeletal facial pattern, and implant site were significantly correlated with clinical success rate (P < 0. 05). However, gender, sagittal bone facial patter, implant arch, soft tissue type at implant site, diameter and length of miniscrew implant, implantation method, implantation angle, stress loading timing and strength, and clinical use were not significantly correlated to clinical use (P > 0. 05). These results suggest that to minimize the failure of miniscrew implants, proper oral hygiene instruction and effective supervision should be given to patients, in particular to those young (< 12 years) high mandibular plane patients.

Objective To explore the effects of Xin Jia Congrong Tusizi decoction on mitochondrial biosynthesis and mitochondrial function in ovarian granulosa cells.Methods We prepared the functional injury model of human ovarian granulosa cells KGN induced by triptolide.We divided the cells into control group,model group,Tiao jing Cuyun Pill group,Xin Jia Congrong Tusizi decoction group,SIRT1 inhibitor group and SIRT1 inhibitor+Xin Jia Congrong Tusizi decoction group.After 6 h incubation with triptolide to cause functional impairment of granulosa cells,SIRT1 inhibitor,blank serum and medicated serum were added for 48 h.Cell viability and apoptosis rate were assessed using CCK-8 and flow cytometry.Anti-Müllerian(AMH),follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)and inhibin B(INHB)were detected by ELISA.ATP enzyme and MMP were used to detect by biochemical kit and JC-1 method.apoptosis rate and MMP were assessed using flow cytometry.The morphology,structure,quantity and activity changes of mitochondria were observed by electron microscope and fluorescence microscope.Western blot and PCR were used to detect the protein and mRNA expressions of SIRT1,p-SIRT1,PGC-1α,NRF1 and TFAM.Results Chinese patent medicine TiaojingCuyun Pill and bushen Yangxue Huoxue therapy compound Xin Jia Congrong Tusizi decoction augmented the activity of granulosa cells(P<0.05),decreased the apoptosis rate(P<0.05),increased ATP enzyme and MMP(P<0.05),improved mitochondrial morphological and structural damage,added the mtDNA level,the number and activity of mitochondria(P<0.01)and up-regulated and the protein and mRNA expressions of SIRT1,PGC-1α,NRF1,TFAM(P<0.05).Conclusion Xin Jia Congrong Tusizi decoction protected ovarian granulosa cells damage caused by triptolide.Its mechanism may related to improve mitochondrial dysfunction by regulating SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway in order to promote the biosynthesis of new mitochondria.

Objective To explore the prescription rules of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the treatment of diabetes periodontitis(DP) and the acting mechanisms of core drug combination. Methods Based on the relevant literature retrieved from the CNKI,Wanfang,VIP and Sinomed,a DP prescription database was established. Excel 2021,SPSS Modeler 18.0 and SPSS Statistics 26.0 were used to conduct the statistics of the frequency,efficacy classifications,properties,flavors,and meridian tropism of the included drugs. Association rule analysis and cluster analysis were performed to screen out the core drug combinations. The active components and action targets of core drug combinations were obtained through TCMSP and HERB. The DP related disease targets were predicted using GeneCards. The Venny platform was used to obtain the intersection of disease targets and drug targets. Key components were screened by Cytoscape to establish an "active component-target" network. Based on STRING platform data,PPI network was constructed by Cytoscape to screen core targets. GO functional annotation and KEGG signaling pathway enrichment analysis were carried out for the intersection targets by DAVID. AutoDockVina was applied for molecular docking between core targets and key components. Results A total of 36 articles were included,and 50 prescriptions involving 100 Chinese herbal medicines were extracted. Alismatis Rhizoma,Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata and Astragali Radix were the most common drugs. The most used drug category was deficiency-nourishing drugs. The properties of the herbs were mainly cold and warm,the major flavors were sweet and bitter,and the main meridian tropisms were kidney and liver. Six categories were classified by clustering analysis. Moutan Cortes-Corni Fructus-Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata was screened out as the core drug combination involving 18 active components,164 drug action targets and 104 intersection of DP targets and drug combination targets. Quercetin,stigmasterol,kaempferol,β-sitosterol,tetrahydroalstonine,and sitosterol were the key components,and AKT1,IL-6,TNF,IL-1B,PTGS2,JUN,TP53,ESR1,and MMP9 were the core targets. GO analysis revealed 3724 biological processes,228 cellular components and 404 molecular functions. KEGG analysis showed that DP was treated by the core drug combination through regulating 235 signaling pathways. Molecular docking results showed that there was a good affinity between the core target and the key component. Conclusion Tonifying deficiency is the main treatment methods of TCM for DP,accompanied by clearing heat and removing dampness,activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis,replenishing qi and nourishing yin. Core drug combination (Moutan Cortes-Corni Fructus-Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata) treats DP through multi-component,multi-target and multi-pathway,which provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Marine sponges of the genus are well known as rich sources of diverse and complex biologically relevant natural products, including alkaloids, terpenoids, peptides, lipids, and steroids. Some of these metabolites, with novel structures and promising biological activities, have attracted a lot of attention from chemists seeking to perform their total synthesis in parallel to intensive biological studies towards new drug leads. In this review, we summarized the distribution of the chemically investigated sponges, the isolation, synthesis and biological activities of their secondary metabolites, covering the literature from 1982 to early 2018.