Objectives To disscuss the changes of structure and hemodynamics of vertebral artery in patients with cervical spondylopathy.Methods Study the changes of structure,systolic flow rate peak value(MAX),diastolic phase flow rate (MIN),diameter(D) upon vertebral artery by Doppler , s ultrasonic diagnosis apparatus with 7.5MHz in 29 patients with cervical spondylopathy and 28 healthy subjects.Results The arcuation of vertebral artery in patients with cervical spondylopathy distinctly increase.D?MAX?MIN have significantly difference (P

[Objective] To investigate the treatment in the use of allograft bone grains combined with autograft bone grafting in giant cell tumor.[Method]From March 1996 to March 2006,24 cases of giant cell tumor closed to knee were verified by pathology in this department,including 11 on thighbone and others on tibia.Before operation allografts was sheared to grains after antigen extracted by repeat freeze thawing and mechanical methods.Giant cell tumor of bone was completely erased in surgical fringe and the defect was thoroughly closed-up with allograft grains combined with cancellous bone autografts.The knee joints exercise was made for 12 weeks with external orthosis fixation.[Result]No severe complication occurred in early stage after operation in the 24 patients.All of them were followed up for 1 to 6 years with an average of 2 years and 8 months.None of them recidivated after the operation,and no insert was taken off for severe rejection,one case showed tolerant pathologic fracture.All the transplantations showed ideal appearance in X-ray photograph and the motion of joints had no significant difference than before.Curative effects were evaluated by Mankin criteria.The outcome was excellent in 20 cases,good in 4 cases.[Conclusion]Bone allograft grains combined with autograft is an effective and few rejection in filling of giant bone defect in surgical operation of giant cell tumor near knee joints.

Objective To evaluate the influence of a clinical pathway on mean length of hospital stay of ischemic stroke patients. Methods The study performed retrospective cohort study of stroke patients which were hospitalized in the Guangdong provincial hospital of TCM corresponding to the periods immediately before and after the implementation of the clinical pathway. The outcome measure was mean length of hospital stay. Results Mean length of hospital stay was significantly shortened after implementing clinical pathway. Conclusions The implementation of the ischemic stroke clinical pathway can shorten mean length of hospital stay of ischemic stroke patients and improve the utilization of medical source.

Objective To explore the feasibility of virtual touch tissue quantification(VTQ) technique in noninvasive assessment of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent shunt (TIPSS).Methods Twenty-four patients were enrolled in this study.Shear wave velocity(SWV) of the liver and spleen were obtained by VTQ technique on one day before TIPSS insertion and one week after TIPSS placement,and the portal vein pressure was measured while placing the TIPSS.The correlation between SWV of the liver and spleen and portal venous pressure were analysed.In addition,fourteen patients were followed up for one month after TIPSS placement.Results There was significant difference in portal vein pressure pre [(27.82 ± 4.07) mm Hg] and post [(16.26-± 3.10) mm Hg] TIPSS insertion.The SWV of the liver in patients pre and post TIPSS measured (2.43 ± 0.37)m/s and (2.40 ± 0.34)m/s,respectively.The SWV of the spleen in patients pre and post TIPSS were (3.49 ± 0.40)m/s and (3.08 ± 0.39)m/s,respectively,there was significant difference (P =0.000).However,SWV of the liver pre and post TIPSS placement was no significant difference(P =0.130).And as well as the patients which were followed up for one month after TIPSS placement.A significant,direct,linear correlation(r =0.602,P =0.000) was found between SWV of the spleen and portal vein pressure,but liver SWV was not correlated with the portal venous pressure.Conclusions SWV of the spleen measured by VTQ technique has a significant correlation with portal vein pressure.Hence,the spleen SWV based on VTQ technique can be used as a non-invasive method for quantitatively in monitoring the portal vein pressure as the function of the TIPSS.However,evidence to support a similar role for liver stiffness is lacking.

Objective To prepare a kind of new lipid perfluorooctylbromide(PFOB) nanoparticles and to explore its potential application as an ultrasound contrast agent. Methods Lipid PFOB nanoparticles were prepared by microfluidization techniques. The morphology and distribution were observed with optical microscope and transmission electron microscope. Particle size and electric potential were determined with Malvern laser light scattering analyzer. Twelve normal Wistar rats were performed directly contrast imaging after injection of PFOB nanoparticles via caudal vein. Vital signs of the rats were monitored during the whole study. And eehogenie intensity of the liver was dynamically quantified through DFY ultrasound quantified analysis system. The mechanism of enhancement was studied by the frozen sections of rat's liver and spleen. Results The nanoparticles size and distribution were highly uniformed. The grey scale ultrasound imaging of the rat's liver and spleen were enhanced by PFOB nanoparticles. Ten seconds after PFOB nanoparticles injected,enhancement of liver began, the peak time was approximately 3 - 4 min, the duration of contrast enhancement was nearly up to 1 h, The enhancement of spleen was more significant and the duration was much longer. No abnormal changes of the rat's vital signs appeared during the study. Frozen sections suggested that PFOB nanoparticles accumulated in the liver and spleen was the potential mechanism of enhancement. Conclusions This novel and safe lipid PFOB nanoparticles could make prolonged enhancement of rat's liver and spleen,which has a good potency for ultrasound application.

Objective To investigate the effects of arginine combined with leptin in treatment of rats with a-cute pancreatitis. Methods Sixty Wister rats were randomly divided into sham operation group (group A), acute pancreatitis group (group B),arginine group (group C),leptin group (group D),arginine plus leptin group (group E),with 12 rats in each group. Acute panereatitis model was developed by retrograde injection of 5% sodium tauro-cholate into cholangiopancreatography in rats. After 6 hours, medicine were given by intraperitoneal injection, ab-dominal aortic blood and pancreatic specimens were taken for measurement of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), ser-um amylase,nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activity of pancreatic tissue, and pathological damage score of pancreatic tissue. Results TNF-α,Amylase,NF-κB activity, pathologic scores were(1.206±0.446)μg/L, (1617.2±18.8) U/L,0.174±0.013,0.6±0. 2 in group A;(3.201±0.321) μg/L, (4643.8±303.4) U/L,0.397±0. 025,7.8±1.3 in group B;(1.845±0.404) μg/L,(3370.9±173.2)U/L,0.255±0.026,3.9±1.1 in group C;(1.996±0.374) μg/L, (3693.7±208.0)U/L,0.274±0.062,4.2±1.2 in group D;(1.440±0.287)μg/L, (2501.0±771.4)U/L,0.211±0.027,2.3±1.0 in group E. Compared with group A, the indicators were significantly in-creased in group B (P < 0.05). Compared with group B, these indicators were reduced in group C and D (P <0.05). There was no significant difference between group C and group D. These indicators in group E were signifi-cantly lower than those in group C and D (P < 0.05). NF-κB in pancreatic tissue were positively correlated with other indicators(P <0.01). Conclusions In treatment of acme pancreatitis in rats, arginine combined with leptin has idenditfied effect, and the effect of combination therapy is better than that of separate medicine.

[Objective] To investigate the occurrence rate, manifestations and influencing factors of emotional disorder in patients after acute stroke. [Methods] Emotional disorder in 107 cases of acute stroke was assessed by 17-item Hamilton Depression Scales (HAMD), 14-item Hamilton Anxiety Scales (KAMA), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Barthel index (BI), and the relationship between emotional disorder and influencing factors were also analyzed. [Results] The occurrence rate of emotional disorder after acute stroke was 41.12% , in which depression was 18.69% , anxiety 9.35% and concurrence of depression and anxiety 13.08% . Emotional disorder usually occurred in the dominant hemisphere of young patients with lower BI after repeated attacks of stroke; its manifestations relieved with the cure of primary diseases. Its dominant syndrome pattern was classified as stagnation of liver-Qi. [ Conclusion ] Emotional disorder, possibly being a stress reaction, is the common complications of acute stroke and usually classified as stagnation of liver-Qi; early effective rehabilitation is the best preventive method for emotional disorder acute stroke.

Objective To evaluate the performance of virtual touch tissue quantification (VTQ)technique in noninvasive assessment of esophageal varices (EV) in patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis.Methods One hundred and thirty-five patients were enrolled in this study.Liver shear wave velocity (LSWV) and spleen shear wave velocity (SSWV) were obtained by VTQ technique,and the detection of EV was performed by upper endoscopy per patient.The severity of EV was staged on a G1-G3 scale.Liver function was also tested.ResultsThe mean value of LSWV in patients with cirrhosis was (2.48±0.50)m/s,LSWV was not correlated with the stage of EV.The mean value of SSWV was (3.25 ± 0.44) m/s,a significant,direct,linear correlation ( r =0.66,P＜0.001 ) was found between SSWV and the stage of EV.The cut-off value of SSWV for predicting the presence of EV was 3.16 m/s and the area under ROC curve was 0.83,with the sensitivity and specificity of 0.83 and 0.80,respectively.The cut-off value of SSWV for predicting severe EV was 3.39m/s and the area under ROC curve was 0.84,with the sensitivity and specificity of 0.83 and 0.77,respectively.ConclusionsIn cirrhotic patients infected with hepatitis B virus,SSWV measured by VTQ technique can be used as a noninvasive method for determining the presence and the severity of EV,however evidence to support a similar role for LSWV is lacking.

Objective To prepare a nano-lipid ultrasound-enhanced contrast agent,then compare it with common-lipid microbubbles to evaluate its enhancement effects.Methods Misce bene a certain proportion of dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine(DPPC),distearoyl phosphatidylcholine(DSPE),diphenyl phosphoryl azide(DPPA)and mannitol,incubation them,freeze and thawing some times repeatedly,then used machine succession to prepare the nano-lipid microbubble,observed its base physical properties like morphous,size and surface potential.Healthy rabbit livers were imaged before and after intravenous injection of 2.5 ml/kg of two contrast agents(nano-lipid and common-lipid)in succession,observed the dynamic enhancement effects of the grey scale imaging of the livers and evaluated them subjectively,then used the ultrasonographic quantitative analisis system in type DFY for detecting and analysing the enhancement effects.Results The mean diameter of the nano-lipid microbubbles was 415.8 nm and the surface potential was-(13.7±1.6)mV.The nano-lipid microbubbles could greatly enhance the grey scale imaging of the liver,compare with the common-lipid bubbles,their to-peak-time was later,the peak-continous-time was shorter,the enhancement effects persistence time was longer,its peak intensity was lower than the commonlipid bubbles.Conclusions The self-made nano-lipid microbubbles have a good shape and uniform distribution,they can enhance the grey scale imaging of the liver greatly and provide a protophase foundation for targeting research of tumors.

Objective To optimize the formulation of a new kind of ultrasound contrast agents carrying the sensitizer of hematoporphyrin(HP)with[Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid),PLGA]for material.Methods The technique of double emulsion was applied to produce HP loaded PLGA ultrasound microbubbles,which was optimized through orthogonal test using encapsulation efficiency for the detected index.Then morphology and distribution of HP-PLGA microbubbles were observed through light microscope and scaning electron microscope.The size,Zeta potential and the properties of releasing behavior and ultrasound imaging in vitro of Hp-PLGA contrast agents were detected.Results The optimization parameters were picked out as 10 mg/ml for concentration of HP,40 mg for PLGA,and 1/5 for volume ratio of water inside to dichloromethane.The optimized HP-PLGA contrast agents were spheric with the mean size of 602.3 nm,and Zeta potentiaI of-(17.1±1.6)mV.The drug loading and encapsulation efficiency of HP-PLGA were(2.15±0.15)%and(63.5±2.6)%,respectively.And the releasing behavior of HP-PLGA contrast agents in vitro was that after an obvious release of about 35.1%in former 24 h,there were 86.5%HP-PLGA released within 14 days.The ultrasound imaging of HP-PLGA could be enhanced obviously in vitro.Conclusions The self-made HP-PLGA ultrasound microbubble might be a useful tool for delivering sensitizer and thus provide a novel strategy for sonodynamic therapy on tumor.