Objective To develop a deep vein thrombosis health belief questionnaire(DVTHBQ)for patients undergoing major orthopedic operation,and investigate the reliability and validity of the DVTHBQ.Methods The establishment of DVTHBQ was based on the framework of Health Belief Model (HBM) combining theories and experience,and step-by-step through the preliminary experiment,data collection,evaluation of its validity and reliability,etc.Results The items of this questionnaire had a good discriminability.The total internal consistency reliability of the questionnaire was 0.88.The content validity of the questionnaire was 0.95.Factor analysis,which could explain more than 50％ variance,showed that the questionnaire had good construct validity.Conclusions The questionnaire was tested to be of good reliability and validity.The DVTHBQ could be an effective instrument to explain and predict the possibility of taking DVT preventive measures for patients undergoing major orthopedic operation.

Objective To evaluate the effect of health belief model combined with PDCA circulation in preventing DVT of patients undergoing total hip replacement and total knee replacement.Methods Patients who met our inclusion criteria were randomly divided into the intervention group and the control group with 45 cases in each group.The patients in the control group received routine health education.In addition,the intervention group received health education based on health belief model combined with PDCA circulation besides the routine.The intervention results were compared between the two groups.Results The patients' mastery of DVT disease related knowledge,health belief and the implementation of preventive measures in the intervention group were significantly better than those of the control group one week after surgery.The score of the health belief,perceived susceptibility,perceived severity,perceived benefits of action and serf-efficacy in the intervention group were significantly superior to those of the control group.1 patient appeared blood stasis in the intervention group.However,in the control group,there were 2 patients with DVT and 6 patients with blood stasis.The effect of preventive measures in the intervention group was better than the control group.Conclusions Health education based on health belief model combined with PDCA circulation could effectively enhanced the patients' DVT disease related knowledge,health belief and the implementation of preventive measures,thereby reduce the risk of DVT and improve the patients' quality of life.

Objective To measure osteoporosis knowledge,belief and self-efficacy of elderly patients with vertebral fracture,and to provide the basis for reducing the incidence of refracture.Methods Totally 72 patients were recruited from an upper first-class hospital in suzhou by using the convenience sampling method.They were measured with the self-designed general information questionnaire,Osteoporosis Knowledge Tests (OKT),Osteopomsis Health Belief scale (OHBS) and Osteoporosis Self-Efficacy Scale (OSES).Results The total score of knowledge was (1 1.06±6.71),the factor scores of risk factors,exercise and calcium intake were(4.13±2.82),(2.90±2.54),(4.04±2.54).The average score of OHBS was (141.82± 13.00).The total score of self-efficacy was (79.49±35.15).Conclusions Health education for elderly patients with vertebral fractures needs to be improved,and to reduce the occurrence of refracture according to different groups of targeted education.

Objective To evaluate the effective e measures of the prevention and treatment of venous thrombosis in hospital and evaluate the effect of"antibolt work"in patients with multidisciplinary cooperation. Methods Compare the level of venous thromboembolism (VTE) incidence, average hospital day, patient satisfaction and the level of knowledge of medical staff in the high risk department of VTE. Results After intervention in high-risk departments staff VTE related knowledge level improved, 2013 high- risk departments medical staff about the basic knowledge, risk assessment, VTE prevention knowledge of three dimensional awareness were 34.7％ (26/75), 49.3％ (37/75), 32.0％ (24/75), respectively, 2016 were 56.0％(42/75), 69.3％(52/75), 90.7％(68/75), respectively, two groups compare the difference was statistically significant (χ2=6.887, 6.217, 54.423, P<0.01 or 0.05). Reduced incidence of VTE 2 groups, 2013 annual incidence of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) were 31.7％ (38/120), 11.7％ (14/120), respectively, in 2016 the annual incidence of DVT and PE were 14.2％(17/120), 4.2％(5/120), respectively, two groups compare the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =10.402, 4.630, P<0.01 or 0.05). VTE in 2016 patients with high-risk departments the average hospitalization time significantly below 2013, 2013 was (18.3 ± 3.5) days while 2016 was (12.7 ± 2.9 )days, two groups compare the difference was statistically significant (t = 13.496, P < 0.01). In 2016, the satisfaction rate of patients with VTE was higher than that in 2013, 77.5％(93/120) in 2013, 90.8％(109/120) in 2016, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (χ2=8.004, P=0.005). Conclusion The prevention and control of venous thrombosis based on multi-disciplinary integration is effective in preventing the occurrence of thrombosis in hospitalized patients and is worthy of clinical promotion.

Objective: To explore the risk factors of deep venous thrombosis(DVT) in lower limbs of orthopedic inpatients, and provide reference for clinical nursing and prevention of thrombosis. Methods: A retrospective case-control approach was used in this study. A total of 148 orthopedic inpatients diagnosed with DVT in the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from February 2014 to October 2018 were selected as the case group. At the same time, 148 orthopaedic inpatients with undiagnosed DVT in the same Department were randomly selected as the control group. The electronic medical history data and related laboratory examination indexes of the two groups of patients during hospitalization in Orthopedics Department were analyzed retrospectively. Gender, age, seven indicators of blood coagulation, as well as history of hypertension, diabetes, history of DVT and other common risk factors of DVT in the two groups were statistically analyzed. Results: In the case group, 63 patients (42.5%) DVT developed in the right lower extremity. The differences in the clinical symptoms and characteristics of fever, pulmonary infection, cough, expectoration, chest distress and shortness of breath, pleural effusion and constipation between the two groups were statistically significant (χ² value was 5.688-12.312, P<0.01 or 0.05). Single factor analysis of related risk factors showed the differences of age, type of injury, lower limb joint replacement, a plaster cast, hypertension, history of DVT, central venous catheter, D-dimer and preoperative albumin levels, fibrinogen degradation products, and red blood cell count between the two groups were statistically significant (t value was-7.275-3.998, χ² value was 4.889-13.305, Z value was-3.500--3.454, P < 0.01). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that lower limb joint replacement(OR=0.383, 95%CI0.190-0.773), cough (OR=0.085, 95%CI0.010-0.731), chest distress and shortness of breath (OR=0.240, 95%CI0.077-0.745), constipation (OR=0.312, 95%CI0.135-0.718), red blood cell count (OR=3.314, 95%CI 2.105-5.216), hypertension (OR=0.534, 95%CI0.292-0.976) were independent risk factors for DVT formation in orthopedic inpatients (P<0.01 or 0.05). Conclusions DVT in orthopedic inpatients is a common result of multiple factors, among which, lower limb joint replacement, cough, chest distress and shortness of breath, constipation, red blood cell count and hypertension are independent risk factor, which should be monitored and given preventive care.