Objective To explore the clinical value of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue (GnRH-a) by analyzing the efficiency of GnRH-a treatment for moderate and severe endometriosis after laparoscopic conservative operations.Methods Two hundred and sixty-five females who accepted laparoscopic conservative operation were enrolled in this study,and they were confirmed by pathology for ovarian endometriosis cyst,in phase Ⅲ andⅣ,47 patients had fertility desire.According to whether use the drug and auxiliary species the postoperative cases were divided into 5 groups:102 cases without endocrinal therapy(untreated group),GnRH-a group of 3 months in 64 cases,GnRH-a group of 6 months in 31 cases;gestrinone group of 3 months in 38 cases,and gestrinone group of 6 months in 30 cases.All patients were followed up for 2 years,observed drug clinical effects,remission rate,improvement rate,recurrence rate,pregnancy outcomes and side effects.Results The remission rate in GnRH-a group of 6 months and gestrinone group of 6 months was significantly higher than that in untreated group [83.9％ (26/31),73.3％ (22/30) vs.52.9％(54/102)],the remission rate in GnRH-a group of 6 months was significantly higher than that GnRH-a group of 3 months [64.1％ (41/64)],there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).The recurrence rate in GnRH-a group of 3 months,GnRH-a group of 6 months,gestrinone group of 6 months was significantly lower than that in untreated group [12.5％ (8/64),9.7％ (3/31),10.0％ (3/30) vs.27.5％ (28/102)] (P ＜ 0.05).The recurrence rate in gestrinone group of 6 months was significantly lower than that in gestrinone group of 3 months (P ＜ 0.05).The recurrence time of GnRH-a group of 3 months,GnRH-a group of 6 months,gestrinone group of 6 months was significantly longer than that in untreated group [(14.05 ± 1.97),(16.76 ± 1.53),(16.12 ±2.15)months vs.(12.85 ± 1.80)months] (P ＜0.05).The recurrence time of gestrinone group of 3 months and untreated group had no significant difference(P ＞ 0.05).The pregnancy rate of GnRH-a group and gestrinone group was higher than that in untreated group,but there was no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).The rate of menopausal symptom in GnRH-a group was higher than that in gestrinone group [50.5％ (48/95) vs.16.2％ (11/68)].The rate of abnormal bleeding in vagina,acne and side-effect of aminotransferase in GnRH-a group were significantly lower than those in gestrinone group [1.1％(1/95) vs.7.4％(5/68),0 vs.8.8％(6/68),0 vs.5.9％(4/68)](P＜ 0.05).Conclusions Laparoscopic conservative operations combined with GnRH-a on treatment of moderate and severe ovarian endometriosis can significantly improve remission rate,decrease recurrence rate.GnRH-a or gestrinone for 6 months,the pregnancy rate increases.In addition the side reactions of the two medicine have statistic difference,which of GnRH-a is lower.

Objective To study the effects about using separated bed transfer to handle orthopedic patients.Methods According to the characteristics of carrying orthopedic patients,separated bed transfer was developed and made followed by trials in trial departments.A questionnaire survey of 214 patients and 27 users was completed and the related situation using separated bed transfer to handle orthopedic patients was surveyed,the results were compared with those of dead lift.Results Compared with traditional dead lift,there was obvious difference in the number of handling participators[≥5 persons:6.07％ (13/214) vs.21.96％(47/214);4 persons:35.51％ (76/214) vs.48.13％(103/214)],patients' comfort during handling [28.97％ (62/214) vs.84.11％(180/214)],x2=43.027,154.381,all P ＜ 0.05.Conclusions It can reduce the number of participators and patients' pain when handling patients using separated bed transfer.It is widely used with lower cost,which is worth being promoted in clinic.

Objective To investigate the prevalence rate of nosocomial infections and the use of antibacterial agents in Zhejiang Cancer Hospital.Methods The cross-sectional survey on nosocomial infections was conducted among inpatients in Zhejiang Cancer Hospital on August 11,2011 and June 19,2012.The differences in prevalence rates of nosocomial infections,purposes of antibacterial agents use (for treatment,for prevention,or for both treatment and prevention),methods of medication (single or combined medication),and pathogen detections between 2011 and 2012 were analyzed with x2 test.Results There were 854 and 886 patients enrolled in the study in 2011 and 2012,and the prevalence rates of nosocomial infections were 5.27％ (45/854) and 5.08％ (45/886),respectively (x2 =0.186,P ＞ 0.05).Lower respiratory tract infection was the most common nosocomial infections both in 2011 and 2012,which accounted for 28.89％ and 36.96％ of all infections,respectively; and there was no significant difference in infection sites between 2011 and 2012 (x2 =1.415,P＞0.05).Totally 154 out of 854 patients (18.03％)in 2011 and 186 out of 886 patients (20.99％) in 2012 received antibacterial agents,and single medication was the most common.There were no significant differences in the purposes and methods of medication between 2011 and 2012 (x2 =1.994 and 3.042,P ＞ 0.05).Pathogen detections were performed in 56 out of 59 patients (94.92％) and 57 out of 65 patients (87.69％) who received antibacterial agents for treatment in 2011 and 2012,respectively.The most common pathogens were Escherichia coli,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and Acinetobacter baumanni.Conclusion The prevalence rate of nosocomial infection in Zhejiang Cancer Hospital is of the satisfactory level,which is due to the good management of antibacterial agents use.

Objective:To develop the Exercise Knowledge and Behavior Questionnaire for Osteoporosis Patients suitable for China, and to test its reliability and validity.Methods:Guided by the theory of knowledge, attitude and practice, a questionnaire framework was constructed, and the first draft of the Exercise Knowledge and Behavior Questionnaire for Osteoporosis Patients was formed through literature review, group discussion, semi-structured interview, Delphi expert consultation and pre-investigation. From June to August 2020, convenience sampling was used to select 120 osteoporosis patients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University as the research object to conduct a questionnaire survey to test the reliability and validity of the questionnaire. A total of 120 questionnaires were distributed, 110 valid questionnaires were recovered, and the valid recovery rate was 91.67% (110/120) .Results:Among 2 rounds of Delphi expert consultation, the expert authority coefficients were 0.880 and 0.900, respectively, and the Kendall harmony coefficients were 0.308 and 0.332, respectively, with statistically significant differences ( P<0.01) . The Exercise Knowledge and Behavior Questionnaire for Osteoporosis Patients included two sub-questionnaire of knowledge and behavior, with a total of 19 items, including 10 items in knowledge and 9 items in behavior. Exploratory factor analysis showed that 2 common factors were extracted from the exercise knowledge sub-questionnaire, and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 60.712%. A total of one common factor was extracted for the exercise behavior sub-questionnaire, and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 72.075%. The content validity index of the total questionnaire and each sub-questionnaire were 0.925, 0.921, and 0.929, respectively, and the item-level content validity index of was 0.857 to 1.000. The Cronbach's α coefficients of the total questionnaire and each sub-questionnaire t were 0.935, 0.830, and 0.953, respectively, and the split-half reliability coefficients of the total questionnaire and each sub-questionnaire were 0.979, 0.898, and 0.974, respectively, and the test-retest reliability coefficients of the total questionnaire and each sub-questionnaire were 0.878, 0.813, 0.860, respectively. Conclusions:The Exercise Knowledge and Behavior Questionnaire for Osteoporosis Patients has good reliability and validity, and can be used to evaluate exercise knowledge and behavior in patients with osteoporosis.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the direct relationship between personality (PN) and sub-health status (SHS) and their indirect association mediated by frustration quotient (FQ) and stress event (SE). METHODS: A multiple-stage stratified sampling method was used to choose the participants, and a total of 4517 eligible urban residents were selected.ANCOVA was used to analyze the independent association between personality and SHS after adjusting the demographic characteristics and lifestyle.A structural equation model was used to analyze the associations among personality, FQ, SE and SHS.Bootstrap method was used to test the direct and indirect association between personality and SHS. RESULTS: Personality was independently associated with total sub-health (=75.913, < 0.001), physical sub-health (=23.618, < 0.001), mental sub-health (=101.993, < 0.001) and social sub-health (=48.757, < 0.001).The urban residents with the personalities characterized by anger suppression, anxiety and irritability, and impatience and competitiveness had significantly lower health scores than those with a mature and steady personality ( < 0.05).Personality was associated with FQ and SE, and the indirect association between personality and physical sub-health was mainly mediated by FQ and SE (β=-0.110).Personality showed more a direct association (β=-0.172) with mental sub-health and a slightly less indirect association (β=-0.126) with mental sub-health.Personality showed a more indirect association (β=-0.113) with social SHS and slightly less direct association (β=-0.082) with social sub-health. CONCLUSIONS A mature and steady personality may help to promote the general health level, while the personalities of anger suppression, anxiety and irritability, impatience and competitiveness can be associated with the occurrence of sub-health.Building a mature and steady personality has positive effects on the health in general of an individual.
Adolescent ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Health Status ; Humans ; Life Style ; Personality

OBJECTIVE: To establish the norms of Sub-Health Measurement Scale (SHMS V1.0) for Chinese urban residents. METHODS: Using a multistage stratified sampling method, we conducted a large-scale epidemiological investigation among 15 066 urban residents sampled from 6 regions in China, including Tianjin City (north China), Guangdong Province (south China), Anhui Province (central south China), Sichuan Province (southwest China), Lanzhou City (northwest China) and Harbin City (northeast China). The mean, percentile and threshold norms were established based on the characteristics of SHMS V1.0 scores for Chinese urban residents. RESULTS: The mean and percentile norms of total, physical, mental and social sub-health of Chinese urban residents were established according to gender and different age groups (14-19, 20-29, 30-49, 50-64 and ≥65 years). The threshold norms of SHMS V1.0 divided 5 health states, namely disease, severe sub-health, moderate subhealth, mild sub-health and healthy states according to the ± and ±0.5 of the converted scores. CONCLUSIONS The norms of Sub-Health Measurement Scale (SHMS V1.0) for Chinese urban residents were established, which provides a reference for rapid screening and diagnosis of sub-health status in Chinese urban residents and facilitates further study of the prevalence and contributing factors of sub-health.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; China ; Health Status ; Humans ; Prevalence ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Urban Health ; Urban Population

Objective To evaluate the molluscicidal effect of spraying 5% niclosamide ethanolamine salt granules with drones against of Oncomelania hupensis snails in snail habitats in marshland areas. Methods From September to October, 2022, marshlands were sampled from Dantu District, Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province as study areas, and assigned into four groups, of approximately 3 000 m² per group. In Group A, environmental cleaning was performed, followed by spraying 5% niclosamide ethanolamine salt granules with knapsack sprayers at a dose of 40 g/m², and in Group B, 5% niclosamide ethanolamine salt granules were sprayed with knapsack sprayers at a dose of 40 g/m² without environmental cleaning, while in Group C, environmental cleaning was conducted, followed by spraying 5% niclosamide ethanolamine salt granules with drones at a dose of 40 g/m², and in Group D, 5% niclosamide ethanolamine salt granules were sprayed with drones at a dose of 40 g/m² without environmental cleaning. Then, the study areas in each group were equally divided into six blocks, with Block 1 for baseline surveys and blocks 2 to 6 for snail surveys 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 days following chemical treatment. The mortality of snails and the reduction of the density of living snails were calculated. Results A total of 132 frames were surveyed during the period from September to October 2022, and the occurrence of frames with living snails and means density of living snails were 61.36% (81/132) and 1.58 snails/0.1 m², respectively. The overall mortality rates of snails were 43.02% (77/179), 38.69% (77/199), 47.78% (86/180) and 31.02% (58/187) 14 days following chemical treatment in groups A, B, C and D, respectively (χ² = 11.646, P < 0.05), and there were differences detected in the snail mortality between group A and D, and between groups C and D (both P_adjusted values < 0.05). The adjusted mortality rates of snails were 37.42%, 36.07%, 38.85% and 40.40% in groups A, B, C and D 14 days post-treatment, and the density of living snails decreased by 48.10%, 63.29%, 67.09% and 69.62% 14 days post-treatment relative to pre-treatment, respectively. Conclusions Chemical treatment with drones is feasible for O. hupensis snail control in marshland areas; however, the molluscicidal effect of spraying 5% niclosamide ethanolamine salt granules with drones is comparable to spraying chemicals manually in marshland areas regardless of environmental cleaning.