Establishing appropriate animal models of diabetes is of great importance for gaining in-depth understanding of the pathogenesis of diabetes, conducting diagnosis, and developing novel therapeutic interventions. Exploring methods for treating limb ischemia and comprehending its clinical pathophysiological progression is a significant approach achieved through the use of animal models of lower limb ischemia. In recent years, with the rapid advancements of various techniques, the establishment of lower limb arterial ischemia models and diabetes models has made considerable progress. The establishment of these models carries vital implications for researching and comprehending the mechanisms underlying lower limb arterial ischemia and the impact of diabetes. Successfully and reliably preparing these two models is crucial for elucidating the pathogenesis, pathophysiology, and treatment of lower limb vascular lesions associated with diabetes. This paper provides an overview of the research on the establishment methods of a diabetic rat model of lower limb ischemia, covering the principles, methods, and relevant parameters of establishing a diabetic rat model and a lower limb ischemia model in diabetes.

With the development of population aging, the incidence of lower limb artery ischemic diseases is gradually increasing. Although various treatments such as medication and endovascular surgery are currently available, patients with compromised microcirculation in the distal limbs and poor outflow pathways often do not achieve satisfactory results. Additionally, these treatments can be costly, and long-term patency rates are not ideal. The amendment in situ autologous great saphenous vein arterialization surgery utilizes the patient′s great saphenous vein to provide arterial blood in a retrograde manner and re-establishes blood supply to the tissues through the venous microcirculation system in the distal foot. This approach can achieve good limb salvage results and long-term patency. Therefore, this article aims to elaborate on the methods and value of amendment in situ autologous great saphenous vein arterialization surgery.