1.Psychological Aspects of Child Maltreatment
Yebin D. AHN ; Soomin JANG ; Jiyoon SHIN ; Jae-Won KIM
Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society 2022;65(3):408-414
In this review, we provide information about the etiology, risk factors, and clinical presentations of maltreatment to help clinicians better understand child abuse and neglect. Child maltreatment is a major global health challenge that can result in severe consequences. Abused and neglected children are likely to develop psychiatric disorders, such as major depressive disorder, anxiety disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder. Understanding child maltreatment is expected to prevent and reduce victimization in children, adolescents, and their families.
2.Psychiatric Manifestation in Patients with Parkinson's Disease.
Ji Won HAN ; Yebin D AHN ; Won Seok KIM ; Cheol Min SHIN ; Seong Jin JEONG ; Yoo Sung SONG ; Yun Jung BAE ; Jong Min KIM
Journal of Korean Medical Science 2018;33(47):e300-
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. Although its major manifestation is motor symptoms, resulting from the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, psychiatric symptoms, such as depression, anxiety, hallucination, delusion, apathy and anhedonia, impulsive and compulsive behaviors, and cognitive dysfunction, may also manifest in most patients with PD. Given that the quality of life — and the need for institutionalization — is so highly dependent on the psychiatric well-being of patients with PD, psychiatric symptoms are of high clinical significance. We reviewed the prevalence, risk factors, pathophysiology, and treatment of psychiatric symptoms to get a better understanding of PD for improved management.
Anhedonia
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Anxiety
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Apathy
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Compulsive Behavior
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Delusions
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Dementia
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Depression
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Dopaminergic Neurons
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Hallucinations
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Humans
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Institutionalization
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Neurodegenerative Diseases
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Parkinson Disease*
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Prevalence
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Psychotic Disorders
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Quality of Life
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Risk Factors
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Substantia Nigra
3.Normative Data for the Logical Memory Subtest of the Wechsler Memory Scale-IV in Middle-Aged and Elderly Korean People
Yebin D. AHN ; Dahyun YI ; Haejung JOUNG ; Eun Hyun SEO ; Young Hwa LEE ; Min Soo BYUN ; Jun Ho LEE ; So Yeon JEON ; Jun-Young LEE ; Bo Kyung SOHN ; Dong Young LEE ;
Psychiatry Investigation 2020;17(12):1247-1247
4.Normative Data for the Logical Memory Subtest of the Wechsler Memory Scale-IV in Middle-Aged and Elderly Korean People
Yebin D. AHN ; Dahyun YI ; Haejung JOUNG ; Eun Hyun SEO ; Young Hwa LEE ; Min Soo BYUN ; Jun Ho LEE ; So Yeon JEON ; Jun-Young LEE ; Bo Kyung SOHN ; Dong Young LEE ;
Psychiatry Investigation 2020;17(12):1247-1247
5.Association of Pre- and Perinatal Risk Factors With Tourette Syndrome or Chronic Tic Disorders in a Korean School-Age Population
Wooseok CHOI ; Soon-beom HONG ; Johanna Inhynag KIM ; Jung LEE ; Soomin JANG ; Yebin D AHN ; You Bin LIM ; Sumin KIM ; Mee Rim OH ; Bung-Nyun KIM
Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 2023;34(1):37-44
Objectives:
Tic disorders are highly heritable; however, growing evidence suggests that environmental factors play a significant role in their pathogenesis. Studies on these factors have been inconsistent, with conflicting results. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the associations of pre- and perinatal exposure to Tourette syndrome (TS) or chronic tic disorders (CTD) in Korean school-aged children.
Methods:
This case-control study used data from a large prospective cohort study. The primary outcome was TS/CTD diagnosis according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5) criteria and Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Present and Lifetime Version-Korean Version. Demographic, pre-, and perinatal information was obtained from the maternal questionnaires. Data between the TS/CTD and control groups were compared using the chi-squared or Student’s t-test, as appropriate. Two-step logistic regression analyses were used to test the association between TS/CTD and pre- and perinatal risk factors.
Results:
We included of 223 children (78 with TS/CTD and 145 controls). Significant differences in the demographic data between the two groups were observed. The male sex ratio, mean parental age, parental final education level, and family history of tics were included as confounders. In the final adjusted multivariable model, TS/CTD was significantly associated with antiemetic exposure during pregnancy (odds ratio [OR]=16.61, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.49–185.22, p=0.02) and medically assisted reproduction (OR=7.89, 95% CI 2.28–27.28, p=0.01).
Conclusion
Antiemetic exposure and medically assisted reproduction are significantly associated with the risk of TS/CTD. These results should be replicated in future prospective and gene-by-environment studies.
6.Normative Data for the Logical Memory Subtest of the Wechsler Memory Scale-IV in Middle-Aged and Elderly Korean People
Yebin D AHN ; Dahyun YI ; Haejung JOUNG ; Eun Hyun SEO ; Young Hwa LEE ; Min Soo BYUN ; Jun Ho LEE ; So Yeon JEON ; Jun Young LEE ; Bo Kyung SOHN ; Dong Young LEE ;
Psychiatry Investigation 2019;16(11):793-799
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to identify the demographic variables that are affecting performances on the Logical Memory (LM) subtest included in the Korean version of the Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS)-IV and to provide normative data on the LM subtest for the middle-age and elderly Korean people.METHODS: The participants were 435 non-demented adults aging from 50 to 90 and with the educational level ranging from 0 to 21 years.RESULTS: Age and education were found to be significantly associated with performance on the LM subtest, while gender effect was not statistically significant. Therefore, we stratified the norm blocks by age and education. Age was divided into three groups: 50–59, 60–74, and 75–90 years. Education was stratified into three groups: 0–8 years, 9–12 years, and 13 years or more.CONCLUSION: The normative data provided in the current study are expected to be useful in clinical and research settings to detect or define subtle changes in episodic memory in Korean adults and elderly, and can also be used for cross-cultural comparison of verbal episodic memory performance among elderly populations using different languages.
Adult
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Aged
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Aging
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Cross-Cultural Comparison
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Education
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Humans
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Logic
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Memory
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Memory, Episodic
7.Alterations in Social Brain Network Topology at Rest in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Narae YOON ; Youngmin HUH ; Hyekyoung LEE ; Johanna Inhyang KIM ; Jung LEE ; Chan-Mo YANG ; Soomin JANG ; Yebin D. AHN ; Mee Rim OH ; Dong Soo LEE ; Hyejin KANG ; Bung-Nyun KIM
Psychiatry Investigation 2022;19(12):1055-1068
Objective:
Underconnectivity in the resting brain is not consistent in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, it is known that the functional connectivity of the default mode network is mainly decreased in childhood ASD. This study investigated the brain network topology as the changes in the connection strength and network efficiency in childhood ASD, including the early developmental stages.
Methods:
In this study, 31 ASD children aged 2–11 years were compared with 31 age and sex-matched children showing typical development. We explored the functional connectivity based on graph filtration by assessing the single linkage distance and global and nodal efficiencies using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. The relationship between functional connectivity and clinical scores was also analyzed.
Results:
Underconnectivities within the posterior default mode network subregions and between the inferior parietal lobule and inferior frontal/superior temporal regions were observed in the ASD group. These areas significantly correlated with the clinical phenotypes. The global, local, and nodal network efficiencies were lower in children with ASD than in those with typical development. In the preschool-age children (2–6 years) with ASD, the anterior-posterior connectivity of the default mode network and cerebellar connectivity were reduced.
Conclusion
The observed topological reorganization, underconnectivity, and disrupted efficiency in the default mode network subregions and social function-related regions could be significant biomarkers of childhood ASD.