Orphan nuclear receptor steroidogenic factor 1 (SF-1) is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily. It regulates the expression of multiple genes involved in adrenal and gonadal development,steroidogenesis,and reproductive function. Twenty five different mutations have been described and their clinical features are various. Detection of SF-1 gene may be contribute to the etiological diagnosis for 46, XY disorder of sex development patients.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for anterior mediastinal modules. Methods Thoracoscopic surgery was performed with the patients in supine position and the thoracoscope set at 30?. Three trocars were used during the procedure. One of the trocars was inserted through the fifth or sixth intercostal space at the midaxillary line for direct observation. And the other two were placed at the second or third intercostal space at the midclavicular line,and the fifth intercostal space at the anterior axillary line. The nodules were removed directly during the operation. For inseparable nodules,the whole thymus and the fat tissues in the anterior mediastinum were removed all together. Results The procedure was completed under a thoracoscope in all of the 32 cases. Small assistant incision was made in 3 cases because of hemorrhage in the chest cavity. Postoperative pathological examination showed thymus tumor in 14 cases,hyperplasia of the thymus in 3,thymic cyst in 5,bronchial cyst in 3,pericardial cyst in 2,neurilemmoma in 2,lymph node in 2,and angioma in 1. The accordance rate of pre-and post-operative diagnosis was 68.8% (22/32). Postoperative complications were found in two patients,including one case of pericardial effusion,and one case of lung infection. Both the cases were cured afterwards. Conclusions Thoracoscopic surgery is a minimally invasive procedure for the treatment of anterior mediastinal nodules. It is optimal for young patients and cases with low lung function,as it causes less pain,quicker recovery,and satisfying cosmetic outcomes.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of vitapex paste in the treatment of deciduous teeth with periapical inflammation.Methods 112 children with chronic apicitis of deciduous teeth were divided into two groups randomly and averagely.The research group used vitapex paste,while the control group used zinc oxide eugenol paste.The clinical effects of the 2 groups were compared.Results Compared to the control group,the response to root canal filling of the research group was much weaker ( 10.7％ to 25.0％ ),which had statistical difference ( x2 =3.02,P =0.0 1 1 ).There wasalso significant difference betweenthe success rateofthetwogroups after 1 year followed up( x2 =5.16,P =0.004).Conclusion sing vitapex paste for root canal filling had a higher success rate and a weaker respose to root canal filling.

In recent years,it has been reported that the osteopontin attracts great attention for its roles in tumor growth and metastasis.In many tumors,osteopontin plays an important role in promoting tumor growth,metastasis and enhancing adhesion and migration abilities.In particular,in hepatocellular carcinoma,osteopontin has very satisfactory sensitivity and specificity in early diagnosis and is relatively effective on prognosis prediction.Suppression osteopontin expression will inhibit liver cancer growth and metastasis,indicating that the osteopontin stays a new target for liver cancer treatment and possesses intangible clinical potential.

Objective To investigate the clinical manifestations and imaging features of moyamoya disease (MMD).Method The clinical manifestations and the results of CT angiography ( CTA ) and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) examinations of 162 cases diagnosed with M MD were analyzed retrospectively.Results In 162 patients with MMD, 132 cases (81.48% ) had stroke, in which cerebral infarction and transient ischemic attack (TIA) were 20 cases, intraventricular hemorrhage were 48 cases, cerebral hemorrhage were 52 cases, subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) were 10 cases and acute subdural hemorrhage were 2 cases; 8 cases(4.94%) had simple migraine and 22 cases(13.58%) had simple epilepsy.All the patients were with typical imaging findings: ( 1 ) The central branch of the internal carotid artery,bilateral internal carotid artery clinoid segment and proximal arterial stenosis or occlusion was the main performance of MMD.(2) Abnormal vascular network in the skull base was the most feature of MMD changes.(3) The performance of collateral circulation.Conclusions CTA and DSA can be used for the diagnosis of MMD patients.DSA is the gold standard for diagnosis of MMD.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of Astragalus injection (AI) on basal-like breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-468 and murine bone marrow stromal stem cells (mMSCs). METHODS: MDA-MB-468 cells and primary cultured mMSCs were treated by different concentrations of AI, and with untreated MDA-MB-468 cells as blank control. The morphology of cells was observed by phase-contrast inverted microscope and transmission electron microscopy. Cytotoxic effects of AI on MDA-MB-468 cells and mMSCs were evaluated by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Cell cycle and apoptosis of MDA-MB-468 cells induced by AI were measured by flow cytometry. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in supernatants was measured by enzymatic colorimetric method. The expressions of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and p53 protein in MDA-MB-468 cells were evaluated by streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method. RESULTS: A time-dependent cytotoxic effect of 1 g/ml AI was observed in MDA-MB-468 cells. 1 g/ml AI also had cytotoxic effect on mMSCs, but its effect was not better than cisplatin. 0.1 g/ml AI could promote the proliferation of mMSCs. Different concentrations of AI could all induce the apoptosis of MDA-MB-468 cells. There was no significant difference in LDH activity in the supernatants between blank control group and AI-treated and cisplatin-treated groups. AI could down-regulate the expressions of EGFR and p53 protein. CONCLUSION: The effects of AI on MDA-MB-468 cells and mMSCs are related to the concentration of AI, and its mechanism of inhibiting the proliferation of MDA-MB-468 cells may be due to down-regulation of the expressions of EGFR and p53 protein.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of Chinese herbal medicine for warming kidney on proliferation of normal human mammary epithelial cells in primary culture. METHODS: The normal human mammary epithelial cells were dissociated by digestion with collagenase type I. The morphological identification of normal human mammary epithelial cells in primary culture was determined under inverted phase contrast microscope and transmission electron microscope. The estradiol and progesterone were added to culture medium to induce the proliferation of normal human mammary epithelial cells in primary culture, and the different doses of Chinese herbal medicine for warming kidney and tamoxifen were also added into the culture medium. The MTT assay was used to evaluate the proliferation of normal human mammary epithelial cells in primary culture under the different conditions of interventions. RESULTS: The normal human mammary epithelial cells in primary culture presented typically morphological features of normal human mammary epithelial cells in vitro. The proliferation of normal human mammary epithelial cells in primary culture was significantly improved by intervention of estradiol and progesterone both with concentration of 1x10(-5) g/L. The high-dose Chinese herbal medicine for warming kidney could obviously promote the proliferation of normal human mammary epithelial cells in primary culture, while the proliferation was obviously inhibited by low-dose Chinese herbal medicine for warming kidney. The tamoxifen exerted no effects on the proliferation of normal human mammary epithelial cells in primary culture. CONCLUSION: The estradiol and progesterone can enhance the ability of proliferation of normal human mammary epithelial cells in primary culture. The regulating effect of Chinese herbal medicine for warming kidney on proliferation of normal human mammary epithelial cells in primary culture is dose-dependent.

Stress urinary incontinence is a common and frequently disease among middle and old women.However,it did not cause enough attention by patients.In recent years,people have learned more about incontinence mechanism,and designed some tension-free vaginal tape operation.Those operations have showed excellently effects.We introduce some highlights about stress urinary incontinence to help reader understand the disease,such as operation principle,influencing factors about surgery,indications,concomitant disease and surgical treatment for failure cases,etc.

Cumene Hydroperoxide(CHP)-induced mouse mitochondrial lipid peroxides (LPO) are significantly higher than those of the normal mitochondria ( P

Male mice were subjected to 6 Gy total body irradiation,20% TBSA full thickness burns,or both the injuries respectively,and then lipid peroxides (LPO),vitamin E,sulfhydryl groups,respiratory control ratio (RCR),ADP/O ratio,and cytochrome oxidase activity of hepatic mitochondria were determined in the animals in the first 9 postinjury days.It was found that.1.LPO level increased in the early postinjury stage in the combined radiation-burn injury group.2.Vitamin E level decreased significantly in both the groups with either only irradiation or burns.3.The sulfhydryl groups showed a tendency to increase in all the 3 groups.4.The activity of cytochrome oxidase increased signficantly on the 7th postinjury day in the combined injury group.5.RCR and ADP/O ratios decreased more significantly in the combined injury group than in either the single injury group.These facts suggest that the suppression of the respiratory function of hepatic mitochondria results from the damage of mitochondrial membranes due to iipid peroxidation.