Objective To discuss the effects of the changes of sex hormone levels on quality of life and nutritional status in middle-aged and elderly hospitalized men.Methods A total of 150 male patients (aged 45-90 years) were divided into 3 groups according to age:45-59-year (the middle-aged group),60-79 year (the elderly group),and over 80 year (the old old group) (n=50,each group).Levels of serum testosterone,follicle stimulating hormone (FSH),and luteinizing hormone (LH)were detected.The questionnaire (SF-36) and micro-nutrient assessment table (MNA) were conducted.Results Serum testosterone level was significantly lower in the old old group than in the elderly group and middle-aged group [(10.5±2.5) pmol/L vs.(13.1±2.0) pmol/L and (15.6±3.2) pmol/L,respectively,P＜ 0.05].Levels of FSH and LH were significantly higher in the old old group than in the elderly group and middle-aged group [(15.5±7.7)U/L vs.(12.7±5.1)U/L and (9.5±2.9)U/L,(9.8±3.7)U/L vs.(7.8±3.2)U/L and (5.4±2.0) U/L,respectively,P＜0.05].The 8 health latitude scores of SF-36 scale and nutritional status scores were significantly lower in the old old group than in the elderly group and middle-aged group (all P＜0.05).Relation analysis sho wed that age had a negative correlation with serum testocterone level (r=-0.389,P＜0.05),and had positive correlations with the levels of serum FSH and LH (r=0.427,r=0.520,both P＜0.05).After adjusting for age,serum testocterone level was positively correlated with physical functioning,role of physical activity,body pain,general health,vitality,mental health and nutritional status in SF-36 health scale (all P＜0.05),and had no obvious correlation with social function and emotional function health dimensions (all P＞0.05).Conclusions The sex hormone levels are changed with age,which can seriously affect the health state in middle-aged and elderly hospitalized men.

Objective To investigate nursing care needs of elderly nursing homes residents in Fuzhou, to help to improve nursing care quality provided by elderly nursing homes. Methods A total of 120 elderly residents from 10 elderly nursing homes in Fuzhou were investigated with a self-developed questionnaire focusing on nursing care needs of elderly nursing home residents. The questionnaire included the following two parts: the general information of the elderly residents and the needs of disease care, basic nursing care, daily life care as well as psychological care. Results The retrieving rate was 95.8%(115/120). The overall nursing care needs of elderly nursing home residents was at the middle level (2.59 ±0.80), the highest demand for nursing care was disease care (3.34±1.07), followed by psychological care (2.56±0.93), basic nursing care (2.20±1.15) and daily life care (2.23±0.97). The single living elderly residents got lower scores than the couple living elderly residents in disease care, basic nursing care 3.19±1.07, 2.06±1.10 vs. 3.78±0.96, 2.62±1.20 (t=2.656, t=2.311, P<0.05). Over 90 years old age groups got lower scores than the other age groups in the disease care, 2.25 ±0.69, 3.80 ±0.72, 3.35 ±1.09, which showed significant difference (F=7.10, P < 0.05). The elderly suffering from hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease varied in the demand for different care. Conclusions The overall nursing care needs of elderly nursing home residents was at the middle level. Staying with spouse, age, disease state are the influencing factors of nursing care needs of elderly nursing home residents.

Objective To investigate the correlations of serum total bilirubin level with infarct volume,severity and etiological typing in patients with acute ischemic stroke.Methods Patients with acute ischemic stroke admitted to hospital from January 2012 to January 2014 were used as subjects of study.Their clinical and imaging data were collected,and serum total bilirubin levels were detected.The correlations of the serum total bilirubin levels with the infarct volume,severity and etiological typing were analyzed.Results A total of 290 patients with acute ischemic stroke were enrolled in the study.The patients were divided into either a large infarction group (≥1.8 cm3,n =145) or a small infarction group (＜ 1.8 cm3;n =145)according to the median cerebral infarction volume.The total bilirubin level of the large infarction group was significantly higher than that of the small infarction group (16.896± 7.761 μmol/L vs.13.039±4.477 μmol/L;t =5.185,P ＜ 0.001).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the bilirubin highest quantile group (＞ 17.893 μmol/L) was an independent risk factor for large infarction (odds ratio [OR] 2.754,95％ confidence interval [CI] 1.028-7.375;P =0.044).According to the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score,the patients were divided into a mild stroke group (NIHSS score ＜8;n =210) and a moderate to severe stroke group (NIHSS score≥ 8,n =80).The total bilirubin level of the moderate to severe stroke group was significantly higher than that of the mild stroke group (16.861 ±7.689)μmol/L vs.14.246 ± 6.019 μmol/L;t =3.052,P =0.002).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the total bilirubin level was not an independent risk factor for moderate to severe stroke.Small artery occlusive stroke,large artery atherosclerotic stroke,and other definite causes of stroke were combined into non-cardioembolic stroke group (n =244).The total bilirubin level in the cardioembolic stroke group (n=46) was significantly higher than that in the non-cardioembolic stroke group (19.639±8.409 μmol/L vs.14.087 ±5.831 μmol/L;t =5.479,P＜0.001).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the bilirubin highest quartile group (＞ 17.893 μmol/L) was an independent risk factor for cardioembolic stroke (OR 8.405,95％ CI 1.719-41.106,P =0.009).Conclusions The increased serum total bilirubin level is an independent risk factor for larger infarction and cardioembolic stroke.As an oxidative stress index,serum total bilirubin in acute stage can provide help for early identification of infarct volume and etiological subtype in patients with ischemic stroke.

AIM:To set up a method for determining epimedin C and icariin in Xianling Guobao Capsules(Herba Epimedii,Radix et Rhizoma Salviae miltiorrhizae,Fructus Psoraleae,Radix Rehmanniae,etc.). METHODS:The chromatographic conditions included the column of Spherisorb C 18 (4.6 mm?250 mm,5 ?m),the mobile phase was acetonitrice and water as gradient eluent was at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min,the detection wavelength was set at 270 nm and the column temperature was at 25 ℃. RESULTS:The linear range of epimedin C was 0.22-2.20 ?g and icariin was 0.04-0.40 ?g,respectively. The average recovery of epimedin C and icariin were 103.2% (RSD=3.1%) and 97.8% (RSD=3.2%),respectively. CONCLUSION:The method is reliable,stable and well reproducible,and can control the quality of Xianling Guobao Capsules.

Aim To obtain two-dimensional gel electrophoresis maps of the prefrontal cortex(PFC)proteins of normal and morphine-addicted rats for identifying the diferentially expressed proteins in the addicted rats.Methods Rat models of morphine addiction were established.The proteins in the PFC underwent two-dimensiona1 gel electrophoresis with immobiline pH gradient isoelectric focusing as the first and vertica1 SDS-PAGE as the second dimension.Analysis of 2-DE maps was used to determine differential expressions of proteins between the two groups by ImageMaster 2D Platinum v5.0,and four protein spots expressed differently were picked up for further identification by MALDI-TOF-MS.Results Matched and compared with those of control group,87 protein spots had been determined with differently expressive levels in morphine addiction group.By MALDI-TOF-MS,two protein spots of them had been identified as Snap25 Isoform ?-Snap 25 of Synaptosomal-associated protein 25 and Actb Actin,cytoplasmic 1.Conclusions There is obvious difference in expressive proteomes in PFC between normal and morphine-addicted rats. The functions of those identified proteins are involved in cell growth,apoptosis,differentiation,signal transduction,axon growth and cellular energy metabolism,so proteomics can serve as a new approach in the study of morphine dependence to discover new therapeutic targets.

diabeticfoot ulcer of rats induced by streptozotosin,and to find the significance of free radical scavenging and the antioxidative function.MethodsA total of 60 male wistar rats were randomized into the control group (20 rats) and diabetic model group (40 rats).The model group was induced to diabetic foot ulcer using streptozotosin tail intravenous injection,and the control group was injected equal citric acid-citric acid sodium buffer fluid instead.A rectangular full-thickness skin of dorsum of foot in the two groups was removed from model rats to construct diabetic foot ulcer.Serum zinc levels of the two groups were monitored,and immunohistochemical technique was used to detect the MT expression.ResultsSerum zinc levels in the model group( 1.17 ±0.09) was significantly lower than control group( 1.48 ±0.07),and the difference was statistically significant ( t =12.94,P ＜0.01 ).The MT expression in control group was low,while it significantly increased in diabetic model group,and the difference was statistically significant ( x2 =12.78,P ＜ 0.01 ).ConclusionsThe zinc levels and MT expression of diabetic foot ulcer rats may be associated with free radical scavenging and the antioxidative function.The increased expression of MT may play an important role in preventing the further development of diabetic foot ulcer disease.

Objective To preliminarily explore the role of serum procalcitonin (PCT) quantization in differntiating coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) blood stream infection and contamination derived from blood culture in children. Methods Clinical data of 83 cases of CNS derived from blood culture in People’s Hospital of Changning city, Hunan province between January, 2013 and December, 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. The cases were divided into blood stream infection group and contamination group. The basic demographic characteristics, origins of patients, C reactive protein, time to positivity of blood culture (TP), procalcitonin were compared between the two groups, and the diagnostic performance of PCT according to the ROC curve were analyzed. Results Age, gender, C reactive pretein and TP showed no difference between blood stream infection group (n=38) and contamination group (n=45)(P>0.05), while the proportion of contamination of patients from medical wards was higher than that from surgery wards (P<0.05). PCT was signiifcantly higher in blood stream infection group than that of contamination group (P<0.001). The diagnostic sensitivity, spectivity, accuracy of PCT in differentiating the two groups were 86.8%, 82.2%and 84.3%, respectively, at the best cutoff of 0.195 ng/ml. Conclusions PCT may be a good marker for differentiating CNS blood stream infection and contamination derived from blood culture in children, and may help clinicians make early and reasonable selection of antibiotics.

Objective:To assess the efficacy and safety of acupuncture compound anesthesia(ACA)for traditional thyroidectomy. Methods:Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)studying the use of ACA for traditional thyroidectomy were retrieved from PubMed,Excerpta Medica Database(EMBASE),Cochrane Library,Web of Science,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Chongqing VIP Database(CQVIP),Wanfang Academic Journal Full-text Database(Wanfang),and China Biology Medicine Disc(CBM)from inception to September 30,2021.Two investigators independently extracted data and assessed the risk of bias and quality of the studies.Anesthesia effectiveness was the primary outcome,while the secondary outcomes included various pain scales,vital signs,analgesic consumption,and adverse events.Review Manager 5.3 was used for meta-analysis.Weighted mean difference(WMD),standardized mean difference(SMD),and confidence interval(CI)were used for statistical descriptions. Results:A total of 16 papers were included,involving 1228 patients.Meta-analysis showed that anesthesia effectiveness was significantly improved after adding acupuncture as an adjunct[SMD=0.62,95%CI(0.40,0.83),P<0.0001,I2=36%].Besides,ACA can also moderate vital signs and reduce the feeling of pain[SMD=-1.61,95%CI(-2.61,-0.61),P<0.00001,I2=95%],analgesic consumption,and adverse events.Subgroup analysis of the electroacupuncture(EA)group further revealed that the effectiveness of low-frequency EA[WMD=0.43,95%CI(0.30,0.55),P<0.00001,I2=15%]and the entire operative stimulation of EA[WMD=0.55,95%CI(0.33,0.77),P<0.00001,I2=0%]was significantly better than high-frequency EA and short-time stimulation of EA during the operation.Further,no significant difference existed between conventional analgesia and acupuncture analgesia. Conclusion:ACA is beneficial to traditional thyroidectomy regarding efficacy and safety when acupuncture is applied as an adjunct.However,additional high-quality studies with larger sample sizes are needed to verify the findings.

Objective To probe the clinical diagnosis value of high frequency ultrasonography (HFUS) in thyroglossal duct cyst(TDC). Methods Forty-one TDC were taken HFUS and the location, boundary,shape,interal echo of lesions and the relation to hyoid bone were observed. The periphery and internal blood flow signal were detected by color Doppler flow imaging. The results of HFUS were compared with those of pathology after operation. The cases were divided into groups according to pathological types and were compared with acoustic image shows. Results All cases were diagnosed TDC by pathology after operation. Internal walls of 9 TDC consist of cilium columnar epithelium, 19 consist of stratified pavement epithelium and 13 consist of this two epitheliums. HFUS showed different pathological types had different ultrasonic appearances. In this study, 77.8%(7/9) TDC with columnar epithelium showed echoless,84.2 (16/19) TDC with pavement epithelium showed similar solid echopattern and TDC with two epitheliums mainly showed similar solid echopattern and multi-room cyst. Hyperechogenicity of hyoid bone displayed around the lesion in 80.5%(33/41)TDC. No blood flow signal showed in 41 TDC and a little punctiform blood flow signal showed in the periphery of 5 TDC. The diagnose accordance rate of HFUS in TDC was 95.1%(39/41). Conclusions HFUS can clearly show the location, boundary, shape,interal echo of TDC and its relation to hyoid bone. HFUS is important for diagnosis and differential diagnosis of TDC.

Objective To examine the cognitive function in healthy first-degree relatives (FDRs) of patients with bipolar Ⅰ disorder.Methods Cognitive function were studied in one hundred twenty healthy FDRs of patients with bipolar Ⅰ disorder and one hundred normal controls using digital symbol, digital span, visual reproduction, trail making test A (TMT-A) and trail making test B (TMT-B).Results Compared with normal controls, FDRs showed impairment in all indexes of the tests, including digital symbol, digital span (forward, reversed and forward + reversed), visual reproduction, TMT-A and TMT-B (t=-3.44、-4.23、-4.32、-4.98、-2.59、4.32、3.78, respectively, Ps≤0.01).By analysis of covariance (covariant: age and years of education), FDRs were still impaired in these indexes (P<0.05).Compared with sex-matched normal controls, male FDRs showed impairment in all indexes of the tests, but female FDRs only showed impairment in digital span (reversed, forward + reversed), TMT-A and TMT-B (P<0.05).Conclusions Attention, memory and executive function are impaired in healthy first-degree relatives of patients with bipolar Ⅰ disorder.