Diabetes is a common disease,serverely harmful to the human's health and life quality.The pancreatic islets transplantation can correct the patient's hyperglycemia,stop or even reverse the progress of the complication and thus decrease the mortality of diabetic patients.It is the most safe and efficient therapy for diabetes.Since the Edmonton Protocol got success in pancreatic islet transplantation in 2000,it has been more and more interested because of its great clinical curative effect.Research strategy of islet transplantation is now focussed on increasing the acquired islets with normal viability,selecting the best transplantation pathway,and improving the immunosuppression protocol.The shortage of human pancreatic donor is an ever unsolved problem in clinical application.The potential resolutions may include acquisition from xenogenic-islets;islets originated from stem cells,and islets from the living-donor human pancreas.The islets transplantation will open a new application field for interventional radiology.(J Intervent Radiol,2006,15: 577-579)

Background Suprachoroidal hemorrhage (SCH)is a rare but devastating complication of ophthalmic surgery,and it is crucial to be aware of the risk factors and select effective treatment. Objective Present study was to assess the treatment and risk factors of SCH induced by intraocular surgery. Methods Retrospective case series were carried out to investigate the clinical data of 15 eyes from 15 patients with SCH at Peking Union Medical College Hospital.The risk factors of SCH were analyzed.Written informed consent was obtained before any medical examination and treatment.SCH was occurred in 10 eyes during intraocular surgery,while the SCH was diagnosed in other 5 eyes 1-3 days after operation.Surgical drainage was carried out in 8 eyes,of which 3 eyes combined with vitrectomy besides surgical drainage and other 5 eyes were treated with medication alone.Results SCH was completely removed and absorbed in 12 eyes.The visual acuity was improved in 6 eyes,unchanged in 6 eyes and decreased in 3 eyes.Nine eyes complicated with retinal detachment and reattached in 6 eyes after treatment.Seven eyes combined with hypermyopia,6 eyes combined with glaucoma,and 1 eye was aphakia.Four patients combined with hypertension,and 2 patients had diabetes mellitus. Conclusions SCH induced by intraocular surgery develops rapidly and violently,and it can result in vision loss without effective treatment.Suturing surgical incision immediately,applying hypertonic agents and sclerotomy drainage are the urgent approaches to treat SCH.Medicines and/or sclerotomy could be optional according to the amount of bleeding and other ocular complication.The risk factors of SCH include myopia,glaucoma and the instantly dropping of intraocular pressure.

Macrophages play an important role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Previously, studies have shown that changes in the metabolism of glucose, choline, amino acids and lipids in macrophages of patients with RA can lead to the accumulation of metabolic intermediates which can act as inflammatory signaling molecules to aggravate the inflammation and cause complications. Therefore, a full understanding of the metabolic process of macrophages in RA patients will lay the foundation for macrophage-targeted therapy of RA. In this review, not only the role of macrophage abnormal metabolism in the pathogenesis of RA but also the research progress on macrophage-targeted drugs in RA treatment will be discussed.

OBJECTIVETo study the applied value of double joystick technique in reduction-internal fixation for femoral shaft fracture in adults.

METHODSThirty-four patients (24 males and 10 females) with femoral shaft fractures were treated with reduction assisted by double joystick technique and internal fixation with interlocking intramedullary nail from September 2010 to June 2013. The average age of the patients was 41 years old, ranged from 17 to 65 years old. The duration of the disease course ranged from 3 to 7 days, with a mean of 5 days. The fractures belonged to AO types 32A (5 cases), 32B (20 cases) and 32C (9 cases) and located in left femur for 18 patients and right femur for 16 patients. The patients were followed up, and fracture healing and complications were observed. The curative effect were evaluated according to Thorsen femur fracture evaluation standard.

RESULTSThe operative time ranged from 40 to 110 min (mean 75 min) and intraoperative blood loss ranged from 200 to 300 ml (mean 250 ml). All the patients obtained a good fracture reduction and were followed up for 12 to 24 months (mean 18 months) after the surgery. All the fractures united between 4 and 8 months with a mean of 5 months. No complications such as breakage of nail, infection, osteofascial compartment syndrome, refracture and fracture malunion were found. According to Thorsen femur fracture evaluation standard, 30 patients obtained an excellent result, 3 good and 1 fair.

CONCLUSIONIn surgery of reduction-internal fixation for femoral shaft fracture in adults, the use of double joystick technique obtains good reduction result, short operative time, less injury, high healing rate of bone fractures, less complications and good limbs function, so it is worthy of popularizing in clinic.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Bone Nails ; Female ; Femoral Fractures ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; instrumentation ; methods ; Fracture Healing ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

Objective To discuss on the effect of simulation training of vocational protection among nurses with lower age and services seniority in trauma surgery department. Methods The training of vocational protection was divided into the curricula content and simulation training, 37 nurses were trained with the method of combining theory with practice,the items before and after the training were tested with t test. Results The mastering degree of occupational exposure knowledge after the training significantly improved compared with that before training. After simulation training various protection technique greatly alleviated. Each score of comprehensive clinical evaluation after the training also increased. Conclusions We should strengthen occupational protection in clinical work in order to prevent nosocomial infection.Detail education and situational education should be paid attention to during the training according to their ability,so that satisfactory results can be achieved.

Objective To investigate the sensitivity of the real-time fluorescence PCR technique and the bacterial culture for detecting the colonization of group B Streptococcus(GBS)in late pregnant women.Methods 2 specimens were collected from preg-nant women genital tract-rectal secretions swabs,one specimen for conducting the bacterial culture and another for conducting the real-time PCR technique to detect genital GBS.The accuracy and rapidness were compared between the two methods.308 cases of pregnant women were divided into the GBS positive group and the GBS negative group according to the detection results of the real time real-time fluorescence PCR technique.The relation between the occurrence of premature rupture of membranes with GBS was investigated by the comparative analysis.Results Among 308 pregnant women with GBS detection,18 cases were positive by the ordinary bacterial culture with the positive rate of 5.8%(18/308),while 28 cases were positive by the real-time fluorescent PCR with the positive rate of 9.4%(29/308).In the GBS positive group detected by PCR,the premature rupture of membranes occurred in 9 cases with the positive rate of 31%,while in the GBS negative group detected by PCR,which occurred in 33 cases with the pos-itive rate of 11.83%.Conclusion This survey shows that the positive detection rate of the real-time fluorescent PCR technique is significantly higher than that of the bacterial culture method,the application of this detection technique for detecting GBS provides the basis for rapidly diagnosing GBS and conducting the prophylactic use of antibacterial drugs more accurately and more effectively.

Objective To observe the levels of serum sex hormone in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), in order to determine whether there were involvement of sex glands. Methods The levels of serum E2, PROG, FSH, LH and PRL were measured in 66 patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) by electrochemiluminescence, and the results were compared with that of controls. Results The results showed that levels of serum E2, PROG,and FSH in patients with SARS were significantly lower than those of controls. On the other hand, the levels of serum LH and PRL were significantly higher than those of controls. The level of E2 in patients with severe type SARS was significantly lower than that in patients with mild type.The levels of sex hormones returned later than improvement of clinical symptoms. Conclusion The levels of serum sex hormones were lowered in patients with SARS, indicating that the changes in sex hormones might play a role in the disease process of SARS. Recovery of levels of sex hormones was retarded.

Objective To observe the level change of serum SOD in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Methods The levels of serum SOD in 66 patients with SARS were measured by RIA, and compared with controls. Results The levels of serum SOD in patients with SARS were significantly lower than those in controls, and in severe type of SARS patients were lower than those in the other types. The levels of serum SOD in the recovery stage of SARS patients increased, but still was lower than those in controls. Conclusion Excessive free radicals were produced in patients with SARS, and SOD was depleted. The level change of SOD in patients with SARS may reflect state of disease. Dynamic detection of serum SOD level is helpful for monitoring state of SARS. It may be an important therapeutic measure that excessive free radicals were eliminated from SARS patient body.

Purpose To investigate whether there is a difference in BRCA1 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Uighurs and Han Chinese sporadic breast cancer,and to analyze the relationship between SNPs locus and tumor susceptibility.Methods 100 cases of sporadic breast cancer (Uighur and Han 50 cases each) and 100 cases of mammary gland disease (Uighur and Han 50 cases each) were collected as the research object,the BRCA1 gene rs16941 and rs16942 were sequenced.Results The distribution of AA,AG and GG genotypes of rs16941 and rs16942 between Uygur and Han breast cancer groups were statistically significant (P =0.009,P =0.017).Compared with AA genotype of rs16941,AG genotype of rs16941 could reduce the risk of breast cancer in Uighurs (OR =0.964,95％ CI:0.260-3.583,P =0.009).Compared with AA genotype of rs16942,AG genotype of rs16942 could increase the risk of breast cancer in Uighurs (OR =1.017,95％ CI:0.293-3.916,P =0.017).Compared with AA genotype of rs16941,AG genotype could reduce the risk of breast cancer in Han nationality (OR=0.824,95％ CI:0.210-3.234,P =0.044).Conclusion The distribution of AA,AG and GG genotypes of rs16941 and rs16942 in Uygur and Han breast cancer groups are statistically significant,and SNPs is correlated with tumor susceptibility.

Objective To investigate the deletion of fragile histidine triad (FHIT) gene in breast cancer and explore its relation with human papillomavirus(HPV) infection. Methods Thirty-eight breast cancer specimens and ten normal breast tissues were examined for abnormalities of FHIT gene by RT-PCR and fragment of HPV-DNA by PCR. Results The positive rates of FHIT gene deletion and HPV-DNA fragment were 63.1%(24/38) and 31.6%(12/38) respectively, while they were not detected in normal tissues (? 2=12.632,P