Adult ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; secondary ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; secondary ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin ; pathology ; Male ; Spinal Neoplasms ; pathology

A FAST (fluorescence of advanced Maillard products and Soluble Tryptophan) method for identification of reconstituted milk made from skim milk powder in the fresh milk was developed. Considering milk and skim milk powders variations from different seasons and countries, milk was collected from different dairy farms in different seasons and skim milk powders were collected from different countries to measure the Tryptophan (Trp), advanced Maillard products (AMP) fluorescence values. The results showed that there were differences (P<0.01) between raw and reconstituted milk. The plot of values in each mixed level of raw and reconstituted milk had a correlation coefficient >0.97. The FAST method is a simple, rapid, low-cost and sensitive method enabling the detection of 5% reconstituted milk in fresh milk. The measurement of the Trp, AMP fluorescence values and calculation of the FAST index is a suitable method for large-scale monitoring of fresh milk samples.
Animals ; Cattle ; Food Analysis ; methods ; Food Contamination ; prevention & control ; Glycation End Products, Advanced ; analysis ; Maillard Reaction ; Milk ; chemistry ; classification ; Powders ; Spectrometry, Fluorescence ; methods ; Tryptophan ; analysis

BACKGROUNDThe subtemporal transtentoral approach has been reported for nearly two decades; however it was not well used due to some limitations in dealing with large and giant petroclival meningiomas. The clinical outcome and merit of the modified subtemporal transpetrosal apex approach in large and giant petroclival meningiomas, as well as the choices, the improvements and the therapy strategies of the microsurgical approach in such patients were evaluated in this study.

METHODSTotally 25 cases of large and giant petroclival meningiomas undergone the modified subtemporal transpetrosal apex approach between April 2004 and January 2010 were enrolled in this study. The choice and improvement of the approach, the basis of anatomy and related research, the effect of accessory equipment, the exposure of tumor and the changes of neurofunction pre- and post-operation were all reviewed retrospectively. The operation outcomes and complications in this approach were also compared with those in the transpetrous presigmoid approach done in 14 cases in the same period.

RESULTSAll 25 cases underwent the modified subtemporal transpetrosal apex approach under electrophysiologic monitoring of cranial nerves and brain stem function. Trochlear nerve was partly wrapped in 14 cases, totally wrapped but can be explored in the initial segment of the cerebellum tentorium in 8 cases, totally wrapped and could not be seen until tumor was partly removed in 3 cases. The cerebellum tentorium was cut along the temporal bone from the anterior part of the apex to the mastoid part of superior petrous sinus in 6 cases, from the posterior part of the apex to the mastoid part of superior petrous sinus in 19 cases. Gross tumor resection was accomplished in 17 (68%) patients, subtotal resection in 7 (28%) patients, and partial resection in 1 (4%) patient. The most common postoperative complication was new neurological deficits or aggravations of preexisting deficit (64%). Follow-up ranged from 3 to 69 months. Compared with the transpetrous presigmoid approach done in 14 cases in the same period, the modified subtemporal transpetrosal apex approach showed obvious advantages such as simplicity in manipulating, microinvasiveness, less time-consuming, less complication, higher rate of tumor resection though the rates of gross tumor resection might be of no significant difference.

CONCLUSIONSModified subtemporal transpetrosal apex approach has obvious advantages compared with the transpetrous presigmoid approach. Some complications need to be solved by practice and modification of the approach as well as the accumulation of the experiences.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Meningioma ; pathology ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Neurosurgical Procedures ; methods ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo develop a rapid test kit for antibody to HIV by nano immunomagnetic lateral flow method.

METHODSA rapid test kit was developed by conjugation of the HIV antigen gp41 and gp36 to 200nm super paramagnetic particles by carbodiimide (EDC) and coating of the HIV antigen gp41 and gp36 to nitrocellulose membrane. Then the kit was evaluated with serials of experiments.

RESULTSThe kit was qualified with examination of national reference panel of anti-HIV antibody for colloidal gold diagnostic kit. The sensitivity was 100% by tested with 20 HIV antibody positive sera, the specificity was 98.5% by tested with 600 HIV antibody negative sera, respectively. The stability of the kit was over 12 month by storage at room temperature.

CONCLUSIONA diagnostic kit for antibody to HIV was developed with the advantages of convenience, rapid test, good stability and point of care.

Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic ; immunology ; Gold Colloid ; chemistry ; HIV ; immunology ; isolation & purification ; HIV Antibodies ; HIV Envelope Protein gp41 ; HIV Infections ; diagnosis ; HIV Seropositivity ; blood ; HIV-1 ; immunology ; isolation & purification ; Immunomagnetic Separation ; methods ; Molecular Biology ; methods ; Nanotechnology ; Reagent Kits, Diagnostic

OBJECTIVETo summarize the experience in the diagnosis and treatment of non-epithelial tissue tumor of urinary bladder.

METHODS>From 1953 to April 2002, a total of 28 patients with non-epithelial tissue tumor in 3 925 bladder tumor cases were analyzed.

RESULTSPainless gross hematuria, pelvic mass, urinary frequency and dysuria are symptoms of non-epithelial bladder tumor. Ultrasonic examination, computed tomography (CT) scan, cystoscopy and biopsy is used for diagnosis of the tumor. Seventeen of 28 patients (61.7%) were malignant neoplasms in 7 kinds of pathologic types, which was small cell carcinoma (5 cases), rhabdomyosarcoma (4 cases), leiomyosarcoma (4 cases), lymphoma (1 case), malignant fibrous histiocytoma (1 case), liposarcoma(1 case), melanoma (1 case) respectively. Eleven of 28 patients (39.3%) were benign tumors with 4 kinds of histologic types including 2 cases of cavernous hemangioma, 1 case of fibroma, 1 case of leiomyoma, 7 cases of pheochromocytoma. All benign tumor patients were treated with partial cystectomy, transurethral bladder tumor resect (TURBT) and fulguration. In 17 malignant neoplasms patients, 7 of them received partial cystectomy, 9 received radical cystectomy, and 1 patient's tumor was unresectable. Those malignant bladder tumor patient are followed up, but 3 years survival rates is only 8/17.

CONCLUSIONSNon-epithelial tissue tumor of the urinary bladder is rare with complicated pathologic types. Malignant neoplasms are more than benign tumors with very poor prognosis, benign tumors' prognosis is good. Diagnosis rate which was confirmed before operation is low. Dip biopsy under cystoscopy may enhance the diagnosis rate. Surgical treatment is the main therapy for non-epithelial tissue tumor of the urinary bladder. Because of the aggressive biologic behavior of malignant tumors, they should be identified promptly and treated appropriately. According to the histologic appearance radiotherapy and chemotherapy is mandatory in some cases.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cystectomy ; methods ; Cystoscopy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Urinary Bladder ; pathology ; surgery ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Young Adult

Disease Outbreaks ; Humans ; Population Surveillance ; Public Health Informatics

OBJECTIVETo observe blood uric acid levels and Goldstein grading, as well as their correlation in Wilson's disease (WD) patients with different Chinese medical syndrome types.

METHODSTotally 906 WD patients in line with inclusive criteria were assigned to 6 groups, i.e., the heart spirit confused by phlegm group (HSCP, 26 cases), the phlegm-fire disturbing heart group (PFDH, 90 cases), the retention of damp-heat group (RDH, 113 cases), deficiency of qi and blood group (DQB, 168 cases), the deficiency of Gan-yin and Shen-yin group (DGYSY, 327 cases), the deficiency of Gan and Shen group (DGS, 182 cases) due to different Chinese medical syndrome types. Recruited were another 160 healthy subjects having similar ages and diet structures, who came for medical examinations, as the healthy control group. Venous blood was collected from the medial cubital vein of each-patient on an empty stomach in early mornings to detect blood uric acid levels. Results Blood uric acid levels were lower in each syndrome type group than in the healthy control group (146.08 +/- 67.24 micromol/L in the HSCP group; 157.08 +/- 69.77 micromol/L in the PFDH group; 162.58 +/- 97.72 micromol/L in the RDH group; 156.20 +/- 62.63 micromol/L in the DQB group; 161.83 +/- 111.23 micromol/L in the DGYSY group; 194.41 +/- 90.01 micromol/L in the DGS group; 242.39 +/- 87.55 micromol/L in the healthy control group, P < 0.01). Blood uric acid levels were higher in the DGYSY group than in the other 5 syndrome groups (P < 0.01). Correlation analyses between Goldstein grading and blood uric acid showed that, along with increased Goldstein grade (that was aggravating disease conditions), WD patients' blood uric acid levels decreased (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSWD patient's blood uric acid levels decreased more. Blood uric acid levels and Goldstein grading were different in various Chinese medical syndrome types. Blood uric acid levels had certain value in assessing the severity of WD.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Heart ; Hepatolenticular Degeneration ; blood ; classification ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Syndrome ; Uric Acid ; blood

Objective To measure the transcription level of thermostable direct hemolysin gene (TDH)in 24 strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus.Methods Total RNA was extracted from strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus which were isolated from patients,seafood and environment.The RNA was proved TDH positive with routine PCR method;then the real -time fluorescent quantitative PCR was carried out to obtain the cycle of threshold (Ct)of THD and internal standard of 16s rRNA.Transcription level of THD compared with 16s rRNA was designated as ΔCt which was calculated as Ct value of THD minus Ct value of 16s rRNA.Results Ct values of THD,16s rRNA and the difference between them of the 24 strains was 18.04 ~25.95,8.30 ~10.93 and 8.28 ~15.34 respectively.The difference between the maximum and the minimum of ΔCt was 7.06;the highest transcription level was 133 (ΔΔCt =27.06 )times of the lowest one.Conclusion A great difference of transcription level of THD in Vibrio parahaemolyticus has been proved and further study is needed to clarify the possible molecular mechanisms and relationship between the transcription level of THD and pathogenic mechanism.

AIMTo study the chemical constituents of the stems and leaves of Aconitum coreanum (Lèvl.) Rapaics.

METHODSThe constituents of Aconitum coreanum were isolated by using various kinds of modern chromatographic methods. The new alkaloid was identified on the basis of spectral analysis.

RESULTSTwo compounds were isolated and identified as: 13-dehydro-1beta-acetyl-2alpha,6beta-dihydroxyhetisine (I) and Guanfu base G (II).

CONCLUSIONCompound I is a new alkaloid.

Aconitum ; chemistry ; Diterpenes ; Heterocyclic Compounds, Bridged-Ring ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Conformation ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry

Tumors originating from the muscularis propria layer of esophagus are usually removed by thoracoscopic resection. With the introduction of new endoscopic therapeutic techniques, some of these tumors could be treated by endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). However, the above endoscopic methods are associated with a high risk of perforation and it is hard to close the perforation through the endoscopy. Recently we successfully resected a tumor originating from the muscularis propria layer of the esophagus by submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection (STER), which was based on peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) and ESD. Compared with ESD, STER is a safe, economic and less invasive treatment. Even when perforation happens, it is easier to close the tunnel with the endoscopic clips which can help stopping the leak of air and digestive fluids. In this case, we found STER wss an effective and safe endoscopic procedure to remove tumors originating from the muscularis propria layer in the esophagus.
Adult ; Dissection ; methods ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Esophagoscopy ; methods ; Esophagus ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Leiomyoma ; pathology ; surgery ; Male