To observe the effect and its potential mechanism of monoclonal antibody to tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF? MoAb)on systemic hemodynamics and survival rate after intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (Ⅱ/R). Method: SD rats were subjected to 75 rain of superior mesenteric artery occlusion followed by 6 hours of reperfusion. The animals were treated intravenously with either TNF? MoAb(20mg/kg)or the control protein(albumin, 20mg/kg) 30 min prior to the onset of ischemia. Result: Pretreatment with TNF? MoAb significantly attenuated the decrease in blood pressure and cardiac index compared to controls throughout the 6-hour period of observation(P

Objective To explore the child pneumonia in infection circumstances of Coxsackie B virus(CVB), Cytomegalovirus(CMV),Epstein-Barr virus (EBV).Methods Indirect ELISA were used to detect the specific IgM antibody of CVB, CMV, EBV. Results The total positive rate,which suffer from the three kinds of viruses in 140 children wich pneumonias was 38.6%.The positive rates of the CVB- IgM, CMV- IgM, EBV- IgM were 24.3%,8.6%,6.5%.Conclusions CVB has the higher infection rate in the pneumonia, is one of the main causes in the infection of child pneumonia.CMV,EBV also has the certain infection rate, although the infection rate is not high, they can cause damage of many organs and systems .They should be watched out for and valued.

Objective To investigate the impact of aging and weight bearing on cartilage endplate morphology and chondrocyte apoptosis in rats. Methods The bipedal rat model (n=45) was developed by forelimb amputation and special breeding methods. The normal rats of the same age served as the control group (n=40). When the rats became 3, 6, 9, and 12 months old, 8 rats randomly selected from each group were sacrificed and paraffin-embedded mid-sagittal sections of the L4-5 spine were obtained. Sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and the TUNEL procedure was performed. The numbers of apoptotic cells and viable cells in the cartilage endplates of the intervertebral discs were counted, the thickness of the cartilage endplate was measured and the degree of impairment of the cartilage endplate was evaluated. Results Apoptosis first appeared in the cartilage endplate, then increased with aging and resulted in a remarkable decrease in cell density. The apoptotic rate of chondrocytes within the cartilage endplate of the bipedal rat model group was significantly higher than the control group at the 6-month time point. A statistically significant difference was observed in the bipedal rat model group between the 6-month time point and 9-month time point (P<0.05). Correlation analyses indicated that there was a highly negative correlation between the number of the viable cells of the cartilage endplate and the degree of the cartilage endplate degeneration (r=-0.97, P<0.05). Compared with the naturally aged group, the bipedal rat model group experienced more severe degeneration in the structure of the cartilage endplate, more obvious thickening of the cartilage endplate's calcified layer, and more defects in the structure of the cartilage. Conclusions Besides aging, weight bearing is probably a key factor of the increase of chondrocyte apoptosis and the degeneration of vertebral cartilage endplate.

Objective To investigate the correlation between IL‐6 ,hs‐CRP and blood lipids ,blood glucose in type 2 diabetes mel‐litus(T2DM) patients complicated with coronary heart disease .Methods 64 outpatients first diagnosed T2DM complicated with coronary heart disease were selected ,56 T2DM patients and 58 health examination were as compare from 2014 January to November in my courtyard .Interleukin‐6(IL‐6) ,high sensitivity C reactive protein(hs‐CRP) and total cholesterol(TC) ,low density lipopro‐tein‐C(LDL‐C) ,blood glucose and HbA1c were detected in 3 groups of person .Results T2DM group and T2DM complicated with coronary heart disease with fasting glucose ,HbA1c ,TC and LDL‐C was significantly higher than normal group ,the difference was statistically significant(P<0 .05);The level of IL‐6 ,hs‐CRP in patients T2DM with coronary heart disease complicated was signifi‐cantly higher than that of T2DM group ,and T2DM group was higher than that of healthy group ,the differences were statistically significant(P<0 .05) .Conclusion IL‐6 and hs‐CRP can be as a specific index to predict the disease process of T2DM complicated with coronary heart disease .

Objective To investigate the effect of self-designed closed negative pressure drainage combined with sponge dressings on refractory wounds.Methods Sixty patients with phase III-IV pressure ulcers were randomly divided into experiment group and control group in equal number.The self-designed closed negative pressure drainage combined with sponge dressing was applied in the experiment group and in the control group the conventional dressings were used.The two groups were compared in terms of hyperplasia of fresh granulation tissue,time for filling the defect and the healing time and the medical expense.Results Compared to the control group,the time for hyperplasia of fresh granulation tissue,the time for filling the defect and the healing time in the experiment group were all significantly shorter,and the medical expense of the experiment group was significantly less(all P<0.01). Conclusion The self-designed closed negative pressure drainage combined with sponge dressings in the treatment of phase III-IV refractory pressure ulcers may effectively shorten the healing time,improve the curative effects and reduce the economic burden of patients.

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of cardiac involvement in children with mitochondriopathies.Methods The clinical data of 23 children with mitochondriopathies were reviewed.The changes of electrocardiography,echocardiography and heart enzymes were analyzed.Results In 15 cases of mitochondrial encephalomyopathy,lactic acidosis,and stroke-like episode(MELAS syndrome),electrocardiography was performed on 9 cases,6 of them showed abnormal electrocardiographic findings,including right bundle branch block,ST-T change,Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome,et al.On echocardiographic examination in 9 MELAS syndrome ca-ses,only 1 case showed hypertrophy cardiomyopathy.Six cases had increased plasma creatine kinaseMB(CK-MB) mass and only one of 12 MELAS syndrome cases had increased cardiac troponin I(cTnI) level.In 8 cases of subacute necrotizing encephalomyopathy(Leigh syndrome),electrocardiography was performed on 5 cases,4 of them showed abnormal electrocardiographic findings,including sinus tachycardia,ST-T change and low voltage.Two cases showed normal electrocardiography.Three out of 6 cases with Leigh syndrome showed increased plasma CK-MB mass.The molecular genetic examinations were performed in 13 cases of MELAS syndrome and 6 cases of Leigh syndrome.The mitochondrial DNA nt 3243 A→G mutation was found in white blood cells of 9 MELAS syndrome cases,the mutation rate being 37%-60%.The mitochondrial DNA nt 8993 T→C mutation was found in white blood cells of 2 Leigh syndrome cases.Conclusion In children with mitochondriopathies,myocardiac involvement is comparatively common,and even cardiomyopathy can occur.

Objective To investigate the value of DWI using 3.0 T MRI to predict response to radiotherapy(RT) and concurrent chemoradiotherapy(CCRT) in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods From January 2014 to May 2015, 40 patients with stageⅢ(Ⅲa orⅢb) NSCLC underwent DWI using 3.0 T MRI before RT/CCRT were enrolled. The imaging quality of diffusion-weighted images were evaluated on 3-level grades as good, moderate and non-diagnostic.The patients with good or moderate image quality were underwent DWI at 2 weeks after starting therapy(total dose of 20 Gy), and at the end of therapy (total dose of 60 Gy). Apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC) of lung cancer with good and moderate image quality were calculated by Funtool. The following quantitative parameters were recorded and calculated: the mean pretreatment ADC value(ADCpre), the mean mid-treatment ADC value (ADCmid), the mean post-treatment ADC value(ADCpost), the rate of changes inmean ADC value at 2 weeks post therapy (ΔADCmid) and the rate of changes inmean ADC value at the end of therapy(ΔADCpost). The patients were classified into response group and non-response group according to the tumor response, which was assessed with revised response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST1.1) after CCRT. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare parameters between the two groups.The relationship between these obtained parameters and tumor response was evaluated by Spearman correlation analysis. The value of parameters on predicting tumor response was calculated by receiver operating characteristic curve.Results 96.4%(80/83) DW images were graded as good or moderate image quality. The responders had lower median ADCpre[1.32 (0.77—1.96) × 10- 3 mm2/s] than non-responders[1.60(1.12—2.33) × 10- 3 mm2/s], which had statistically significant difference (Z=-2.934,P=0.003).Tumor regression rate after treatment had negative correlation with ADCpre(r=-0.386, P=0.018).The responders had increased ADC [ΔADCmid: 38.9%(12.8%—139.0%),ΔADCpost: 48.3% (25.6%—148.1%)] than non-responders [ΔADCmid: -2.5% (-15%—29.4%), ΔADCpost:14.2% (- 28.1% —71.3% )], which had statistically significant difference (Z=- 2.847, - 2.221, respectively;P<0.05). Tumor regression rate after treatment had positive correlation with ΔADCmid(r=0.637, P=0.001) and ΔADCpost(r=0.631, P=0.005).From ROC analysis,when setting threshold on pretreatment ADCpre=1.38 × 10-3 mm2/s, ΔADCmid=21.6%, ΔADCpost=38.8%, the area under curve was 0.782, 0.838 and 0.813.Conclusion The mean ADC value before RT/CCRT and its changes during treatment is likely to be a valuabletool for predicting the response after RT/CCRT in advanced NSCLC, which may be helpful to clinical decision on individualized therapy.

ObjectiveTo evaluate magnesium sulfate and compound polyethylene glycol electrolyte in bowel preparation before capsule endoscopy.MethodsA total of 81 patients were randomly divided into two groups.Group A (n =41 ) received compound polyethylene glycol electrolyte,and group B (n =40) received magnesium sulfate combined with compound polyethylene glycol electrolyte. Positive detection rate,intestinal preparation score,the incidence of capsule retention and solution quality,liver and kidney function were compared between those two groups.ResultsThe positive detection rates of capsule endoscopy were 65.9％ (27/41) in group A and 62.5％ (25/40) in group B,which were nonsignificantly different (x2 =0.099,P ＞ 0.05).The intestinal preparation scores of 19 patients in group A were ≤4 and those of 22 patients were ≥6,while those of 28 patients in group B were ≤4 and of 12 patients were ≥6,which were significantly different (x2 =4.653,P ＜ 0.05). The rates of capsule retention of group A and B were 2.4％( 1/41 ) and 5.0％ (2/40) respectively,which were not significantly different (x2 =0.372,P ＞ 0.05 ).Obvious abdominal pain,nausea or vomitting occurred in no patients of the two groups.There was no difference in electrolyte level or liver and kidney function between those two groups (P ＞ 0.05 ).ConclusionMagnesium sulfate combined with compound polyethylene glycol electrolyte is applicable for the bowel preparation before capsule endoscopy.

Objective To investigate the minimal invasive management of cystitis glandularis with invasion of the ureteric meatus.Methods The clinical data of 18 cases were reviewed.Among the 18 cystitis glandularis patients,12 cases were invasion of bilateral ureteric meatus and 6 of unilateral ureteric meatus.Operation or drug treatment was performed on the diseases that can cause cystitis glandularis such as bladder stone,bladder neck stegnosis,external urethral meatus stegnosis and benign prostate hyperplasia.Sensitive antibiotic was administrated in all cases.After placing ureter catheter,transurethral plasma electro-resection was carried out in five patients whose ureteric meatus could be identified.In addition,of thirteen patients with ureteral orifice unable to be identified,there were ten cases with normal renal function,mitomycin was injected under affected membrana mucosa,and then the patient with ureteral orifice identified underwent transurethral plasma electro-resection after placing ureter catheter.On the other hand,the patient whose ureteral orifice still could not be recognized undertaken transurethral electro-resection at first,during which the ureter catheter was put once ureteral orifice had been detected,otherwise,the ureter catheter should be placed through cystoscope if nephritic colic emerged and hydronephrosis aggravated after operation.In those patients with kidney dysfunction,the ureter catheter was put by ureter discission or ureter replantation at first,the transurethral electro-resection could not be executed until the renal function recovered.Following all these procedure above,bladder instillation of drugs regularly,anti-infection and symptomatic treatment were administrated.Results One patient combined with bladder adenocarcinoma received cystectomy,of the other patients,six cases recurred and underwent electrotomy again resulting in no relapse.All nephrohydrops vanished or relieved obviously,nevertheless,urinary tract infection,haematuria and bladder-ureter backstreaming as the cardinal complication developed in some cases.Conclusion In the management of cystitis glandularis encroaching ureteric meatus,total or partial cystectomy can be avoided if ureter draining freely can be ensured,motivation removal,antiinfection,injection of drug under mucosa and preoperative diuresis conduce to the achievement of ureter catheter placing,transurethral plasma electro-resection is still effective methods in treating these cystitis glandularis.

Objective To summarize the common types and clinical characteristics of ureter disease;which can increase manipulation difficulties and adverse events during rigid ureteroscopic procedures. Methods From Jan 2001 to Dec 2010,our team performed 317 rigid ureteroscopic Drocedures for ureteroscopic examination or treatment;including 60 difficult procedures(34 male and 26 female).The mean age of the patients was 37 years (range,18 to 71).The ureteral diseases were classifted into five types according to the pathological characteristics:Type Ⅰ calculous stenosis,Type Ⅱ neoplastic stenosis;Type Ⅲ non-congenital stenosis,Type Ⅳ congenital stenosis,Type Ⅴ expansion of tortuous ureters.The operative time,complications,and conversion to open surgery were evaluated,and the therapeutic methods were analyzed. Results Of the 60 difficuhly-manipulated procedures,the mean manipulated time was 75 min (range,31 to 200).Intra-operative complications occurred in 9 procedures,including 4 cases of mucosal bleeding,2 cases of submucosaI false passage and 3 cases of ureteral perforation.Eleven procedures were converted to open surgery. In five procedures only a double J tube was inserted for drainage due to the difficulty of entering the ureter.Fiftyfive patients were followed up for 17 months (range,3 to 110);48 patients were cured,5 patients improved and 2 patients were unchanged. Conclusions The five types of ureteral disease can increase operative difficulties and risks of rigid ureteroscopic procedures.We should be cautious during surgery and should stop manipulation or convert to other surgeries if necessary.