Orphan nuclear receptor steroidogenic factor 1 (SF-1) is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily. It regulates the expression of multiple genes involved in adrenal and gonadal development,steroidogenesis,and reproductive function. Twenty five different mutations have been described and their clinical features are various. Detection of SF-1 gene may be contribute to the etiological diagnosis for 46, XY disorder of sex development patients.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for anterior mediastinal modules. Methods Thoracoscopic surgery was performed with the patients in supine position and the thoracoscope set at 30?. Three trocars were used during the procedure. One of the trocars was inserted through the fifth or sixth intercostal space at the midaxillary line for direct observation. And the other two were placed at the second or third intercostal space at the midclavicular line,and the fifth intercostal space at the anterior axillary line. The nodules were removed directly during the operation. For inseparable nodules,the whole thymus and the fat tissues in the anterior mediastinum were removed all together. Results The procedure was completed under a thoracoscope in all of the 32 cases. Small assistant incision was made in 3 cases because of hemorrhage in the chest cavity. Postoperative pathological examination showed thymus tumor in 14 cases,hyperplasia of the thymus in 3,thymic cyst in 5,bronchial cyst in 3,pericardial cyst in 2,neurilemmoma in 2,lymph node in 2,and angioma in 1. The accordance rate of pre-and post-operative diagnosis was 68.8% (22/32). Postoperative complications were found in two patients,including one case of pericardial effusion,and one case of lung infection. Both the cases were cured afterwards. Conclusions Thoracoscopic surgery is a minimally invasive procedure for the treatment of anterior mediastinal nodules. It is optimal for young patients and cases with low lung function,as it causes less pain,quicker recovery,and satisfying cosmetic outcomes.

Astrocyte elevated gene (AEG) -1 is cloned as a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) -1-inducible and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)-inducible transcript in primary human fetal astrocytes (PHFA) by a rapid subtraction hybridization approach. AEG-1 has been reported to be up-regulated in various types of human cancers. Multivariate analyses indicat that AEG-1 correlates with the ability of growth, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis and chemoresistance of tumors. AEG-1 over-expression activates the PI3K-Akt,nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and Wnt-β-catenin signaling pathways in several crucial aspects of tumorprogression. AEG-1 represents a viable potential target for the therapy of human cancers.

In recent years,it has been reported that the osteopontin attracts great attention for its roles in tumor growth and metastasis.In many tumors,osteopontin plays an important role in promoting tumor growth,metastasis and enhancing adhesion and migration abilities.In particular,in hepatocellular carcinoma,osteopontin has very satisfactory sensitivity and specificity in early diagnosis and is relatively effective on prognosis prediction.Suppression osteopontin expression will inhibit liver cancer growth and metastasis,indicating that the osteopontin stays a new target for liver cancer treatment and possesses intangible clinical potential.

Objective To investigate the clinical manifestations and imaging features of moyamoya disease (MMD).Method The clinical manifestations and the results of CT angiography ( CTA ) and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) examinations of 162 cases diagnosed with M MD were analyzed retrospectively.Results In 162 patients with MMD, 132 cases (81.48% ) had stroke, in which cerebral infarction and transient ischemic attack (TIA) were 20 cases, intraventricular hemorrhage were 48 cases, cerebral hemorrhage were 52 cases, subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) were 10 cases and acute subdural hemorrhage were 2 cases; 8 cases(4.94%) had simple migraine and 22 cases(13.58%) had simple epilepsy.All the patients were with typical imaging findings: ( 1 ) The central branch of the internal carotid artery,bilateral internal carotid artery clinoid segment and proximal arterial stenosis or occlusion was the main performance of MMD.(2) Abnormal vascular network in the skull base was the most feature of MMD changes.(3) The performance of collateral circulation.Conclusions CTA and DSA can be used for the diagnosis of MMD patients.DSA is the gold standard for diagnosis of MMD.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of vitapex paste in the treatment of deciduous teeth with periapical inflammation.Methods 112 children with chronic apicitis of deciduous teeth were divided into two groups randomly and averagely.The research group used vitapex paste,while the control group used zinc oxide eugenol paste.The clinical effects of the 2 groups were compared.Results Compared to the control group,the response to root canal filling of the research group was much weaker ( 10.7％ to 25.0％ ),which had statistical difference ( x2 =3.02,P =0.0 1 1 ).There wasalso significant difference betweenthe success rateofthetwogroups after 1 year followed up( x2 =5.16,P =0.004).Conclusion sing vitapex paste for root canal filling had a higher success rate and a weaker respose to root canal filling.

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of combination detection of carcino‐embryonic antigen(CEA ) ,cytokeratin 19 fragment 21‐1(CYFR21‐1) ,neuron‐specific enolase(NSE) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) for early lung cancer and its correlation with clinical effects .Methods 69 cases of lung cancer were included into the lung cancer group and 50 cases of benign pulmonary disease were included into the lung benign disease group .All the patients were given bronchoalveolar lavage(BAL) .The chemiluminescence immunoassay was adopted to detect the levels of CEA ,CYFR21‐1 and NSE in BALF .The changes of tumor markers levels were compared between the two groups and among different clinical curative effects in the patients with lung cancer . Results The levels of CEA ,CYFR21‐1 and NSE in BALF of the lung cancer group were significantly higher than those of the be‐nign pulmonary disease group ,the difference was statistically significant (P < 0 .05) .The levels of tumor markers in the stage Ⅱ of lung cancer were higher than those in the stage Ⅰ of lung cancer ,the difference was statistically significant (P< 0 .05) ;the levels of CEA ,CYFR21‐1 and NSE in BALF were gradually increased with the decrease of clinical effect (P< 0 .05) ;the sensitivity and spe‐cificity of the combined detection of three tumor markers were 62 .3% and 82 .0% respectively ,which were significantly higher than those of any single tumor marker (P< 0 .05) .Conclusion The levels of CEA ,CYFR21‐1 and NSE in BALF of early lung cancer patients are obviously increased ,moreover which is closely correlated with the pathological stage of lung cancer ,the combined detec‐tion could contribute to improve the detection rate of early lung cancer and guide the evaluation of clinical effect .

Clostridium difficile (C.difficile) infection is the leading cause of hospital-acquired diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis.C.difficile-associated disease (CDAD) is mediated mainly by two bacterial toxins, TcdA and TcdB, which cause the diarrhea, as well as colitis and even intestinal necrosis.It has been indicated that level of C.difficile toxin is an important factor influencing the clinical phenotype of CDAD, however, the exact association between toxin and clinical phenotype remains unclear.In this article, we summarized the clinical phenotype of CDAD, the structure, function and regulatory mechanism of C.difficile toxin and discussed the relationship between C.difficile toxin and clinical phenotype, which may help to understand the pathogenic mechanism and provide possible therapeutic target for C.difficile infection.

Objective To optimize and establish the extraction of total flavones in Lonicera japonica. Methods The ultraviolet spectrophotometry was used to determinate the total flavonoids. The effect of extraction time, the amount of solvent and extraction times,pH were tested by the orthogonal design.ResultsThe total flavonoids showed a linear relationship,the optimal extraction condition of total flavones in Lonicera japonica was with 16 times volume of sample weight water for three times, each time was 2 h.Conclusions The method is simple and applicable to the extraction of total flavones in Lonicera japonica.

To adhere teaching contest was an effective way of improve the teaching skills of young teachers in colleges,and was very important in improving the teaching level of medical school. Based on the experience of training teachers though teaching contests,we gave some suggestions on teaching contest.