head and neck region. Postoperative recurrence rate was 42 10%, five year survival rate was 8 33%. Not a single case was found to be malignant degeneration of neurolemmoma or neurofibromatosis, nor as a result of radiotherapy. It is suggested that MNST is a primary soft tissue malignant tumor, and early complete excision is the key treatment. The biological characteristics of this tumor as revealed in this study suggest that it is different from what was reported in the foreign literature.

AIM: To investigate the change of myopic choroidal neovascularization treated by ranibizumab and evaluate their value in monitoring the effect of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF) therapy. ·METHODS: The study enrolled 30 patients ( 30 eyes ) diagnosed with myopic choroidal neovascularization. All affected eyes were treated with intravitreal ranibizumab 0. 05mL ( 10mg/mL ). Best corrected visual acuity ( BCVA ) , non-contact tonometer, ophthalmoscope, fundus fluorescein angiograph ( FFA ) and OCTA were evaluated monthly until 6mo. The changes of BCVA and central macular thickness ( CMT) were compared at 1, 3 and 6mo after treatment. ·RESULTS:All patients received an average of 1. 70±0. 65 injections. BCVA was 0. 96 ± 0. 17 ( LogMAR ) before therapy, and BCVA 1, 3 and 6mo after treatment respectively improved by 0. 23 ± 0. 09, 0. 34 ± 0. 07, 0. 38 ± 0. 11. The differences were significant ( t=5. 461, 8. 191, 8. 894; P<0. 05 ). Mean CMT decreased form 281. 07 ± 13. 72μm to 261. 33 ± 13. 13μm, 243. 47 ± 16. 65μm, 234. 73 ± 17. 52μm respectively 1, 3 and 6mo after treatment, showing significant differences (t=12. 007, 13. 360, 9. 531;P<0. 05). OCTA revealed a progressively smaller vascular lesion and reduction in capillary density. · CONCLUSION: Intravitreal ranibizumab for CNV secondary to pathologic myopia is effective and safe;OCTA is a noninvasive and time-saving new technology, and it also is a promising tool for clinicians to make preliminary diagnosis and assess treatment efficacy in the follow-up visits.

Objective To analyze the effect of prevention and treatment with lamivudine in HBsAg positive renal allograft recipients with HBV recurrence.Methods In 28 patients with chronic renal failure whose HBsAg was positive,8 cases were positive for HBV-DNA positive.All these 28 cases had normal liver function without hepatic cirrhosis before renal transplantation.All donors were negative for HBsAg.Twenty patients received lamivudine prophylactic treatment:14 cases positive for HBsAg but negative for HBV-DNA before transplantation received lamivudine treatment immedia- tely after transplantation and 6 cases positive for both HBsAg and HBV-DNA received lamidudine treatment before transplantation.Eight patients were treated with lamivudine when their hepatic dys- function with recurrent HBV antigenemia were developed after transplantation.Lamivudine was orally taken and its initial dosage was 100 rag/day.Results The follow-up period of the 28 patients were 13- 54 months with the average of 23.6 months,and 2 died during this period.Mild hepatic dysfunction with recurrent HBV antigenemia developed in 3 of 20 hepatitis antigenemia patients received lamivu- dine prophylactic treatment with a mean duration of 9.3 months after transplantation.The highest average level of serum ALT was 87.5 U/L.The liver function returned to the normal with HBV-DNA negative after lamivudine treatment in 3 patients.The other 17 patients maintained normal liver func- tion with HBV-DNA negative during the follow-up period.Hepatic dysfunction with recurrent HBV antigenemia(or HBV-DNA titer increased significantly)developed with a mean duration of 4.6 months in all 8 patients without receiving lamivudine prophylactic treatment.The highest average level of serum ALT was 174.5 U/L.The liver function returned to the normal with HBV-DNA negative after larnivudine treatment in the 8 cases.HBV-DNA,however,reappeared in 5 eases without any dis- continuation of lamivudine.The creatinine level remained normal without any severe drug side effects in 28 patients during lamivudine treatment.Conclusion Lamivudine treatment before hepatic dysfunc- tion might be a safe and effective strategy for prevention of recurrence of hepatitis B viremia in HBsAg positive renal allograft recipients.

Objective To study the dynamic changes in cardiac morphology and myocardial collagen in apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoE-/-) mice of different age with cholesterol-fed. Methods 18 male apoE-/- mice were randomized into 3 groups: 24 weeks group （n=6）, 32 weeks group （n=6）, 40 weeks group （n=6）. 8 C57BL/6J mice were set as the control. Serum cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were determined. The cardiac morphological changes and the myocardial collagen were observed. Results Compared with the 24 weeks group, the content of myocardial collagen of 32 and 40 weeks group significantly increased (P<0.05). Conclusion With the increasing of age, TC significantly increased, myocardial collagen content tended to go up.

Objective To investigate the effects of limb ischemic post-conditioning (LIpostC) alone or its combination with therapeutic hypothermia (TH) on systemic inflammatory response and lung injury after cardiac arrest (CA) and resuscitation. Methods Twenty-one healthy male pigs weighing (37±2) kg were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 7 each): control group, LIpostC group, and LIpostC+TH group. The animal model was established by 10 minutes of untreated CA and then 5 minutes of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).Coincident with the start of CPR, LIpostC was induced by four cycles of 5 minutes of limb ischemia followed by 5 minutes of reperfusion in the LIpostC and LIpostC+TH groups. After successful resuscitation, TH was implemented by surface cooling to reach a temperature of 32-34℃ until 4 hours post-resuscitation, followed by a re-warming rate of 1 ℃/h for 4 hours in the LIpostC+TH group. Normal temperature was maintained in the control and LIpostC groups. The resuscitation outcomes in each group were recorded during CPR. At 15 minutes prior to CA (baseline) and during 4 hours post-resuscitation, the level of arterial lactate was measured and PaO2/FiO2 was calculated, and extra-vascular lung water index (EVLWI) and pulmonary vascular permeability index (PVPI) were measured meanwhile by a PiCCO monitor. At 15 minutes prior to CA (baseline) and during 24 hours post-resuscitation, the levels of serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results Six animals in each group were successfully resuscitated. Coronary perfusion pressure (CPP), duration of resuscitation, number of shocks and epinephrine dosage during CPR were not statistically significant among the three groups. The baseline of arterial lactate, PaO2/FiO2, EVLWI, PVPI and cytokines prior to CA were also not statistically significant among the three groups. The levels of serum TNF-α and IL-6 after resuscitation were gradually increased in all the three groups; however, the values of TNF-αand IL-6 were significantly lower in the LIpostC and LIpostC+TH groups than that in the control group, and they were further decreased in the LIpostC+TH group when compared to the LIpostC group [TNF-α (ng/L): 305±22 vs. 343±26 at 4 hours, 350±29 vs. 389±18 at 24 hours; IL-6 (ng/L): 239±14 vs. 263±19 at 24 hours, all P < 0.05]. The levels of lactate reached the peak at 2 hours post-resuscitation and then gradually decreased in all the three groups; it finally returned to the baseline in the LIpostC and LIpostC+TH groups, which was markedly lower than that in the control group (mmol/L: 1.4±0.7, 1.2±0.3 vs. 3.1±1.7, both P < 0.05). During 4 hours post-resuscitation, PaO2/FiO2 was significantly higher and EVLWI and PVPI were markedly lower in the LIpostC and LIpostC+TH groups than that in the control group; additionally, PaO2/FiO2 and EVLWI were further improved in the LIpostC+TH group than the LIpostC group [4-hour PaO2/FiO2 (mmHg, 1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa): 391±26 vs. 361±20; 4-hour EVLWI (mL/kg): 10.1±1.5 vs. 12.1±1.2, both P < 0.05]. Conclusion LIpostC can be used to alleviate systemic inflammatory response and lung injury after porcine CA and CPR, and its combination with TH further enhanced its protective effects.

Objective To investigate the life quality in infants with food allergy before and after treatment by using of Food Allergy Quality of Life Questionnaire - Parent Form(FAQLQ - PF). Methods The severity of eczema in 46 children with food allergy was determined by eczema area and severity index(EASI). The life quality of such infants was assessed by the FAQLQ - PF after 2 - months treatment. Results (1)Among the 50 subjects,46(92% )respon-ded to the tests;the average age was(4. 78 ± 1. 48)months. Twenty - nine(63. 04% )subjects had family history of allergic disease. Egg(73. 91% )was the most common allergen,followed by cow milk(43. 48% ),fish and shrimp (8. 70% ),and carrot(4. 35% ).(2)The scores of EASI,FAQLQ - PF in children with food allergy before treatment were 13. 20 ± 12. 86 and 2. 12 ± 1. 33,respectively,the scores after treatment declined(2. 02 ± 4. 40 and 1. 33 ± 1. 08, respectively),there was a statistical significance(t = 28. 070,4. 014,all P ﹤ 0. 05).(3)Compared with pre - treat-ment,the scores of emotional impact subscale and food anxiety subscale declined,from 2. 10 ± 1. 47 and 2. 63 ± 1. 83 to 1. 30 ± 1. 09 and 1. 68 ± 1. 37,respectively,and there were statistically significant differences(t = 5. 204,8. 818,all P ﹤ 0. 05).(4)There was a positive correlation between the EASI and FAQLQ - PF scores(ρ = 0. 205,P ﹤ 0. 05). Conclusions Food allergy adversely affects the quality of life in infants. The poor life quality is associated with more severe symptoms. The life quality in infants and parents can be improved by standardized treatment.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and compare outcomes effects of Chinese recognition materials in post-lingually deafened patients with cochlear implant. METHOD: Thirty-two post-lingually deafened cochlear implant users participated in the study. Each one of them was given a series of speech recognition tests including the speech recognition score of monosyllable words, spondee words, Chinese BKB sentences and MHINT in quiet, as well as speech recognition threshold of HOPE corpus in babble noise. Speech recognition scores and thresholds were compared among these test materials using histograms , scatter diagrams and statistical methods. RESULT: Recognition scores for spondee words, Chinese BKB sentences and MHINT were affected by ceiling effects, with 1,14 and 4 cases scored 100% respectivelty. Meanwhile, 17, 26 and 14 cases scored more than 85% correspondingly. On the other hand, speech recognition scores for monosyllable words in quiet and speech recognition threshold for HOPE corpus in babble noise were not affected. CONCLUSION For a considerable part of post-lingually deafened patients using cochlear implant, some Chinese speech recognition materials have demonstrated different degrees of ceiling effects. While speech recognition scores for monosyllable words in quiet and recognition threshold for HOPE corpus in noise can evaluate the performance of speech recognition abilitymore objectively.
Cochlear Implantation ; Cochlear Implants ; Humans ; Language ; Noise ; Speech Perception ; Treatment Outcome

Objective: To evaluate the effect of bioactive peptides combined with probiotics on serum uric acid (SUA) in patients with hyperuricemia (HUA), so as to provide the evidence for prevention and treatment of HUA. Methods: The patients with HUA aged 18 to 65 years were selected and randomly divided into an intervention group and a control group. The patients in the intervention group received bioactive peptides combined with probiotics for 28 days at a dose of 3 g/d, while the patients in the control group received an equal dose of placebos. Demographic information, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure and blood lipid were collected through questionnaire surveys, physical examination and laboratory tests. SUA levels were detected before and after 14 days and 28 days of interventions. The differences of SUA levels between the two groups were compared using generalized estimation equation. Results: Totally 108 patients with HUA were recruited, including 54 patients in the intervention group and 53 patients in the control group (1 dropout). Before interventions, there were no statistically significant differences in gender, age, course of HUA, exercise duration, frequency of alcohol consumption, frequency of meat broth consumption, BMI, prevalence of hypertension and prevalence of dyslipidemia between the two groups (all P>0.05). After 14 days of interventions, the SUA levels of the patients in the intervention group decreased by 3.00 μmol/L, while those in the control group increased by 7.00 μmol/L. After 28 days of interventions, the SUA levels of the patients in the intervention group and the control group decreased by 26.00 μmol/L and 16.00 μmol/L, respectively. However, there was no statistically significant interaction between the intervention time and group (both P>0.05). Subgroup analysis showed that after 28 days of interventions, the decrease in SUA levels in the patients aged 55 years and older and without hypertension in the intervention group was greater than those in the control group (both P<0.05). Conclusions Bioactive peptides combined with probiotics showed no significant difference in reducing SUA levels in patients with HUA compared to the control group. The effect was more significant for patients aged 55 years and older and without hypertension.

OBJECTIVETo observe the primary prevention role of Wuling Capsule (WC) on poststroke depression (PSD) patients.

METHODSAcute stroke patients were recruited and randomized into 2 groups by stratification, 55 in each group. All patients received same routine treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Patients in the experimental group additionally took WC (0.33 g each pill), 3 pills per day, three times per day; while those in the control group additionally took placebos, 3 pills per day, three times per day. Two weeks consisted of one therapeutic course. The diagnosis of PSD was performed once every other week. Those in accordance with PSD diagnosis discontinued any drug therapy. Those not in accordance with PSD diagnosis continued the drug therapy for 1-12 therapeutic course(s) (in total of 6 months). If they were still not in accordance with PSD diagnosis, then they discontinued the drug therapy. The morbidity of PSD, the average time of depression occurrence, Hamilton depression rating scale (HAMD) score, and adverse reactions were observed.

RESULTSThe 1-, 3-, and 6-month morbidity of PSD was 8%, 16%, and 34% in the experimental group, while they were 19.6%, 29.4%, and 54.9% in the control group. The occurrence rate was lower in the experimental group than in the control group. Besides, there was statistical difference in the 6-month occurrence rate between the two groups (chi2 = 4.465, P < 0.05). The average time of PSD occurrence was longer in the experimental group than in the control group (14.96 +/- 8.31 weeks vs. 9.36 +/- 6.06 weeks; t=6.762, P < 0.05). The HAMD score at the PSD occurrence was 11.96 +/- 2.14 in the experimental group, lower than that of the control group (14.57 +/- 4.24), showing statistical difference (t=5.641, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONWC was superior to the placebos in lowering the incidence of PSD, delaying the occurrence time of PSD, attenuating the depression degree of PSD, and had certain preventive effect on the incidence of PSD.

Aged ; Capsules ; Depression ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Primary Prevention ; Stroke ; complications

This paper aims to construct a Bayesian(BN) fault diagnosis model of traditional Chinese medicine dry granulation based on the failure model and effect analysis(FMEA), effectively control risk factors and ensure the quality of granules.Firstly, the risk ana-lysis of dry granulation process was carried out with FMEA, and the selected medium and high risk factors were taken as node variables to establish corresponding BN network with causality.According to the mathematical reasoning method of probability theory, the model was accurately inferred and verified by Netica, and the granule nonconformance was used as the evidence for reversed reasoning to determine the most likely cause of the failure that affected the granule quality.The BN fault diagnosis model of traditional Chinese medicine dry gra-nulation was established based on the medium and high risk factors of process, prescription and equipment screened out by FMEA, such as roller pressure, raw material viscosity, clearance between rollers in the paper.The fault diagnosis of traditional Chinese medicine dry granulation process was then carried out according to the model, and the posterior probability of each node under the premise of nonconforming granule quality was obtained.This method could provide strong support for operators to quickly eliminate faults and make decisions, so as to improve the efficiency and accuracy for fault diagnosis and prediction, with innovation in its application.
Bayes Theorem ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Probability