Objective: To clarify chemical dynamic change of volatile oil of Root of Changium Smyrnioides Wolff during Processing, to analyse and study the change of constituent proportion to see if new constituents produce or original constituents disappear, to discuss the processing mechanism of root of Changium smyrnioides . Method: The constituents and contain of volatile oils of root of Changium smyrnioides before, during and after processing are comparatively analyzed by using techniques of combined capillary gas chromatography mass spectrometry computer. Result: 34 chemical compounds are identified, among them there were 29 compounds isolated from volatile oil of fresh root of Changium smyrnioides, with a proportion of 97.873% in total oil, its main constituent is CSY and its content reaches 70.946%; 34 compounds were isolated from volatile oil of fresh decorticated root of Changium smyrnioides, with a propoction of 93.452%, main constituent is CSY, its content reaches 75.909%; and 19 compounds from volatile oil of fresh root cortices of Changium smyrnioides, 96.878% , main constituent is CSY, content 70.977%; 11 compounds from volatile oil of processed root of Changium smyrnioides, 88.839%, main constituent is CSY, content 67.234%. Conclusion: Main reasons of non sensibilization of processed root of Changium smyrnioides are considered to be the content decrease and qualitative change of the volatile oils, and the content of snsibilization activity constituent——CSY decreased from 0.0497% to 0.0134%.

Objective To explore how to reasonably deploy the wounded and sick region on the medical evacuation ship.Methods Three models of the wounded and sick region were set up according to different demand.Simulated exercises were imitated and medical staff and experts selected reasonable models.Results Most medical staff and experts selected the model which deployed the wounded and sick region according to whether the condition of an injury should be treated.Conclusion It is scientific and reasonable that the wounded and sick region is deployed according to whether the condition of an injury should be treated.

Objective To study the time-toxicity and dose-toxicity relationship of hepatotoxicity induced by Paracetamol Tablets (PT),Compound Paracetamol and Amantadine Hydrochloride Tablets (CPAH),Compound Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide Tablets (CDH),and Chaiqin Qingning Capsules (CQC) with single dose in mice.Methods In the Time-Toxicity relationship study,Kunming mice were randomly divided into control,PT,CPAH,CDH,and CQC group,and mice of.each drug administration group were randomly divided into nine subgroups according to the time (1,2,4,8,12,24,48,72 and 96 h after administration) of blood collection.The acetaminophen contents in PT,CPAH,and CDH groups were 425.98 mg/kg,and the dose of CQC group was 3 680.50 mg/kg.In the Dosage-Time relationship study,mice were randomly divided into control,PT,CPAH,CDH,and CQC high,medium and low dose group.The acetaminophen contents of high,medium,and low dose were 266.24,425.98,and 681.57 mg/kg in PT,CPAH,and CDH group,and the dose of CQC group was 1437.70,2300.31,and 3680.50 mg/kg,10 mice in each group,sex in half.Blood was collected 12 h after administration.Animal behavior was observed every day,blood and organs were collected at the corresponding time points,serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT),aspartate aminotransferase (AST),and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level were detected,and the organs index of spleen and thymus,liver were calculated.Results There were no significant changes of ALT,AST,ALP,and organs index after once ig administration of CQC at dosage of 1437.70 mg/kg to 3680.50 mg/kg in mice.The study on time-toxicity relationship indicated that,after once administration of PT,CPAH,and CDH at 425.98 mg/kg,mice showed toxic symptom such as hypokinesia,dry hair and so on,12 h was the most obvious,24 ～ 72 h disappeared.The level of ALT,AST,and ALP in serum increased and reached to the peak at 12 h and then restored near normality after 72,24,and 24 h in PT,CPAH,and CDH group.Their organ index of liver,spleen and thymus all had no significant changes.The study on the dosage-toxicity relationship indicated that,there were no significant changes of animal behavior,ALT,AST,ALP,and organs index after once ig administration of PT,CPAH,and CDH at 266.24 mg/kg.Obvious liver injury can be induced by the three drugs with dosage of 425.98 to 681.57 mg/kg and the level of ALT,AST,and ALP increased significantly with the increase of dosage.Their liver index increased significantly with dosage of 681.57 mg/kg,but the organs index of spleen,thymus had no significant changes.Conclusion There was no hepatotoxicity after once ig administration of CQC with dosage of 3680.50 mg/kg in mice.Mice were once ig administration ofPT,CPAH,and CDH with a large dose,may induce acute liver injury and show obvious time-toxicity and dose-toxicity relationships.

Objective To study the dose-time-toxicity relationship of hepatotoxicity in mice with multiple administration of Paracetamol Tablets (PT),Compound Paracetamol and Amantadine Hydrochloride Tablets (CPAH),Compound Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide Tablets (CDH),and Chaiqin Qingning capsules (CQC).Methods Mice were randomly divided into control,PT,CPAH,CDH,and CQC high,medium,and low dose groups.The acetaminophen contents of high,medium,and low doses were 266.24,425.98,and 681.57 mg/kg in PT,CPAH,and CDH groups,and the doses of CQC group were 1437.70,2300.31,and 3 680.50 mg/kg,ig administration,once daily for 5 d.General state and toxicity of mice were observed.The changes of ALT,AST,AKP,TBIL,and ALB levels in serum and organ indexes of liver,spleen,thymus,and kidney were tested on day 1,3,7,11,and 14 after multiple administration.Results CQC with the dosage range of 1 437.70-3 680.50 mg/kg to mice within 14 d,has not yet induced the increase of AST,ALT,AKP,TBIL,and ALB levels and changes of organ indexes of liver,thymus spleen,and kidney compared with normal control (P ＞ 0.05).PT,CPAH,and CDH with repeated dose of 425.98-681.57 mg/kg could induce significant increase of the levels ofALT,AST,AKP,and TBIL which reached the peak on day 1 (P ＜ 0.05),and then gradually decreased on day 3-14.The level of ALB significant decreased on day 1-11 (P ＜ 0.05),and then gradually recovered on day 11-14.The liver index significant increased on day 1-3 (P ＜ 0.05),and recovered on day 7-14.Conclusion Multiple administration of CQC could not induce liver injury in mice within 14 d,while multiple administration ofPT,CPAH,and CDH could induce hepatotocixity in mice with a certain dose,and show an obvious dose-time-toxicity relationship.

Antigens, CD34 ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Codon ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Exons ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastrectomy ; methods ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Melanoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Middle Aged ; Neurilemmoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Point Mutation ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit ; metabolism ; Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor alpha ; genetics ; metabolism

This study is designed to obtain recombinant human acetylcholinesterase (rhAChE) and apply it in screening acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. The rhAChE was overexpressed in HEK293 cells transfected by plasmid of pCMV-AChE with the cationic liposome and rhAChE was found to be secreted into cell culture medium. AChE activity was assayed according to modified Ellman method to obtain kinetic parameters. IC so50 values for donepezil compounds of rhAChE were calculated to determine their activities of inhibition. The results showed that Km value was 151.9 micromol.L-1 donepezil inhibited rhAChE in a mixed competitive-noncompetitive way (Ki= 16.03 nmol.L-1, Ki = 18.36 nmol.L-1) and that most new compounds tested exhibited high activities of inhibition on rhAChE. The study suggests that rhAChE is available to be applied in screening AChE inhibitors in vitro.
Acetylcholinesterase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cholinesterase Inhibitors ; analysis ; pharmacology ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Indans ; analysis ; pharmacology ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; Kinetics ; Piperidines ; analysis ; pharmacology ; Plasmids ; Recombinant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Transfection

Objective To evaluate the impact of different treatment strategies on patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) of less than 10 cm but with portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT),and to investigate the prognostic factors.Methods Between 2003 and 2008,338 HCC patients with PVTT from the Affiliated Tumor Hospital,Guangxi Medical University,were retrospectively studied.These patients were divided into four groups:the conservative treatment group (n =75),the transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) group (n=86),the surgical resection group (n =90) and the surgical resection with postoperative TACE group (n=87).Survival rates were analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method and differences among groups were compared using the log-rank analysis.The Cox' s proportional hazards model was performed to explore the risk factors of survival.Results The mean survival periods of patients in the four groups were 3.8,7,8.2,15.1 months respectively.There were significant differences in survival rate among the 4 groups.The survival rates at 1-,2-,and 3-year in the surgical resection with postoperative TACE group were 49％,37％ and 19％,which were significantly higher than the other 3 groups (P＜0.05).The 1-,2-,and 3-year survival rates in the surgical resection group were 28％,20％ and 15％ compared with 17.5％,0％ and 0％ in the TACE group.The survival rates were significantly higher after surgical resection than TACE (P＜0.05).The 1-,2-,and 3-year survival rates in the conservative treatment group were 0％.These were the lowest among the four groups (P＜0.05).Univariate analysis indicated that portal vein occlusion by tumor thrombus was a significant predictor of poor prognosis.Multivariate analysis revealed that the strategy of treatment (TACE) and the number of TACE cycles were independent survival predictors for HCC patients with PVTT.Conclusions Surgical resection is the most effective therapeutic strategy for HCC patients with PVTT and with good liver functional reserve.Postoperative TACE is necessary in preventing recurrence and prolonging survival in patients who could tolerate chemoembolization.TACE should be recommended as an effective and safe treatment for unresectable HCC patients with PVTT.The treatment provided a significantly better survival than conservative treatment.

Objective To evaluate the in vitro antibacterial activity of fusidic acid against P.acnes.Methods Fifty strains of P.acnes were clinically isolated from Huashan Hospital,Fudan University from March to September 2013.The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of several antibacterial agents including fusidic acid against these P.aches isolates were determined by using the agar dilution method according to the recommendations of Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI).Data were analyzed using the WHONET 5.4 software.Results Among the 50 P.acnes isolates,90％ were sensitive to fusidic acid,90％ to moxifloxacin,54％ to clindamycin,46％ to erythromycin,but 100％ were resistant to metronidazole.The minimum concentration required to inhibit the growth of 50％ organisms (MIC50) and 90％ organisms (MIC90) were 0.5 and 1.0 mg/L respectively for fusidic acid,whereas clindamycin and erythromycin both showed higher MIC90 values (＞ 128 mg/L).At the concentration of 128 mg/L,clindamycin inhibited the growth of 70％ of the P.acnes isolates,and erythromycin inhibited the growth of 48％ of them,while the growth of all the isolates was inhibited by fusidic acid at 2 mg/L.Conclusion Fusidic acid exhibits excellent antibacterial activity against clinical isolates of P.acnes in vitro.

Objective To investigate the effect of pre - washing without heparin on adequacy of hemodialysis. Methods Using self-control method, fifty hemodialysis patients received pre-washing with heparin in normal saline and normal saline. Then we tested Kt/v by online clearance monitoring and observed clotting condition of dialyzer and hemodialysis tubes. Results There were no difference of Kt/v between two methods. After hemodialysis, no clotting phenomenon was found in dialyzer. There was a little pot of coagulation in artery and vein pot, but no significant difference between two methods. Conclusions Pre-washing with normal saline alone can not only ensure the adequacy of hemodialysis, but also reduce the risk of cross infection and reduce the amount of heparin, simplify operational procedures, so it should be promoted.

In order to clarify the chemical composition of Tongmai Keli, a HPLC fingerprint was established, and the 22 peaks were characterized by LC-DAD-MS. The herbal sources of these peaks were assigned. The results implied that genistin 8-C-glucoside, puerarin, daidzein 8-C-apiosyl (1, 6)-O-glucoside, daidzin, and salvianolic acid B were the main constituents of in Tongmai Keli. Ten batches of Tongmai Keli produced by different pharmaceutical companies were analyzed. Although different batches contained similar compounds, the contents of major compounds were significantly different. The method established in this study could be used for the quality control of Tongmai Keli.