OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of polysaccharide 2-1 from Gastrodia elata (PGE2-1) on blood coagulation and thrombosis.

METHODClotting time (CT) and bleeding time (BT) of mice were measured by glass method and tail-cutting method. Bleeding capacity (A540) was measured by cutting tail in 5 min. Plama recalcificatic time (RT) were measured in mice. Platelet aggregation was caused by adenosine diphosphate (ADP). Activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), and thrombin time (TT) were measured by reagent boxes. During thrombosis in vitro, their lengths, wet and dry weights were measured by instrument; wet weights of arteriovenous experimental thrombosis were measured and the impressive rates were analyzed.

RESULTCT and BT of groups PGE2-1 (60, 120 mg x kg(-1)) were remarkably prolonged, and bleeding capacity (A540) were significantly increased (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). RT of groups PGE2-1 (30, 60, 120 mg x kg(-1)) were remarkably prolonged, and platelet aggregation (PAG) were inhibited (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Human serous TT and APTT of groups PGE2-1 (10, 20, 40 mg x mL(-1)) were remarkably prolonged (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), but the difference of effect on PT had no statistic significance. PGE2-1 (30, 60, 120 mg x kg(-1)) could make the mice obviously eliminate thrombus symptom and reduce the time of restoring independent activity (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01); thrombosis in vitro: Lengths, wet and dry weights of groups PGE2-1 (30, 60, 120 mg x kg(-1)) were significantly decreased (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01); wet weights of arteriovenous experimental thrombosis were dramatically decreased (P < 0.01), and impressive rates were respectively 32.5%, 49.0% and 61.5%.

CONCLUSIONPGE2-1 has remarkable effects of anticoagulation and antithrombosis, so it may be the main component of the isolation from G. elata in the field of antithrombosis.

Animals ; Anticoagulants ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Blood Coagulation Tests ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Fibrinolytic Agents ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Gastrodia ; chemistry ; Glycoproteins ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Partial Thromboplastin Time ; Phytotherapy ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Platelet Aggregation ; drug effects ; Prothrombin Time ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Thrombin Time ; Thrombosis ; pathology ; prevention & control

In the COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control work, not only the safety management of in-hospital organ transplantation is facing severe challenges, but also a large number of patients at home after transplantation are in immunosuppressive state, and professional protection management is urgently needed. Since the outbreak of the epidemic, Shulan(Hangzhou)hospital fully identified the risks of transplant patients, established a special team, and formulated and implemented the control management plan for organ transplant patients based on the crisis leadership model. The control management plan has achieved staged results.From January 15 to March 2, 2020, 29 liver transplants and 31 kidney transplants were performed in our hospital. The remote health education of 1 002 patients after liver and kidney transplantation was completed. The goal of " zero infection" was achieved, and the protection management quality indicators were ideal.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the chemical constituents of the root barks of Periploca sepium.

METHODColumn chromatographic techniques were used to isolate the chemical constituents. NMR and MS methods were employed for their structural elucidation.

RESULTEight compounds were isolated and identified as isovanillin (1), vanillin (2), 4-methoxysalicylic acid (3), (24R)-9, 19-cycloart-25-ene-3beta, 24-diol (4), (24S)-9, 19-cycloart-25-ene-3beta, 24-diol (5), cycloeucalenol (6), beta-amyrin acetate (7) and alpha-amyrin (8).

CONCLUSIONCompounds 1-6 were isolated from this plant for the first time.

Benzaldehydes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Periploca ; chemistry ; Phytosterols ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plant Bark ; chemistry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Triterpenes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

AIMTo study the antidiabetic effects of cortex Moutan polysaccharide-2b (CMP-2b) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats.

METHODSThe T2DM model rats were induced by a single intravenous injection of low dose streptozotocin (STZ) and intake of high sucrose-fat diet. CMP-2b was given to T2DM rats daily through gavage for 4-5 weeks. The body weight, water and food intake, fasting blood glucose (FBG), glucose tolerance, plasma lipids, serum insulin, and insulin receptor (Ins R) were determined.

RESULTSOral administration of CMP-2b significantly decreased water and food intake, FBG, total cholesterol (Tch), and triglyceride (TG), improved the impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and remarkably raised the number of low affinity InsR and insulin sensitivity index (ISI) in T2DM rats.

CONCLUSIONCMP-2b may be useful for treating T2DM and its complications.

Animals ; Blood Glucose ; metabolism ; Body Weight ; drug effects ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Glucose Intolerance ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; isolation & purification ; therapeutic use ; Insulin ; blood ; Liver ; metabolism ; Male ; Paeonia ; chemistry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Polysaccharides ; isolation & purification ; therapeutic use ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Receptor, Insulin ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo introduce a new flap for the repair of soft tissue defects in the hand.

METHODSThe distally pedicled ulnar flap is based on the ascending branch of the upper-wrist cutaneous branch of the ulnar artery. The retrograde flow is ensured by the dorsal carpal arch via the descending branch.

RESULTSFrom 2000 to 2003, the flap was used to treat 8 cases of hand defects, including 3 dorsal defects, 2 palmar defects and 3 the first web defects. All flaps survived and the appearance was satisfactory.

CONCLUSIONSThe reverse forearm flap pedicled with the ulnar branch of the ulnar artery provides a long vascular pedicle. The donor site scar is aesthetically acceptable.

Adult ; Female ; Forearm ; surgery ; Hand Injuries ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Skin Transplantation ; methods ; Soft Tissue Injuries ; surgery ; Surgical Flaps ; blood supply ; Ulnar Artery ; surgery ; Wrist

OBJECTIVETo analyze the capacity of personal protection on poison emergency items in Chinese disease control and prevention institutes.

METHODSEvaluation analysis based on data obtained from investigating personal protection equipments and professional knowledge quizzing about personal protection in poisoning control of 57 different level centers for disease control and prevention selected from China by a multi-stage stratified sampling.

RESULTSAll 80.70% of the institutes possessed the protection equipments, provincial, municipal, county level institutes were 100.00%, 95.24%, 66.67%, respectively, with significant statistical difference (H = 7.94, P < 0.05). The average level of the type of individual protective equipments in disease control and prevention institutes was (5.42 +/- 4.00) kinds, the average points in category of provincial, municipal, county level institutes were (11.33 +/- 3.67), (6.52 +/- 3.16), (3.47 +/- 3.10) kinds, being statistically significant (F = 17.30, P < 0.05); type difference counts of disease control and prevention institutes in economic development, secondary, less-developed regions were (6.41 +/- 4.03), (3.55 +/- 3.35), (6.45 +/- 4.07) kinds, with statistical significance (F = 3.70, P < 0.05). Protection equipments chiefly possessed were latex gloves, gauze masks and C-protective clothing. Protective clothing and respiratory protective equipments were insufficient evidently. The average points in testing personal protection basic knowledge were (71.39 +/- 12.52) points; there were no differences between different institutes with different economic regions, levels, technical posts and title degrees.

CONCLUSIONCertain advances have been achieved in recent years in personal protection capacity of institutes for disease control and prevention, but far from the actual demands, and maybe no enough effective response on emergency occurred.

China ; Emergencies ; Humans ; Occupational Exposure ; Poisoning ; prevention & control ; Protective Clothing

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of polysaccharide ATPS-2 from Armillariella tabescens on the immunological liver injury in mice induced by BCG plus LPS.

METHODBCG and LPS were adopted to establish BCG plus LPS liver injury model in mice. The content of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and NO, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondiadehyde (MDA) content of liver homogenate in mice were measured by colorimetric method. The content of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1 (IL-1), on serum were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) , and T- and B-lymphocyte proliferation were measured by MTT. Index of liver, spleen and thymus were calculated after treatment.

RESULTPolysaccharide ATPS-2 from A. tabescens (25, 50, 100 mg x kg(-1)) could obviously reduce the high level of ALT, AST, NO and TNF-alpha, IL-1 on serum, inhibit the high level of MDA, increase the low activity of SOD in liver homogenate and enhance T-and B-lymphocyte proliferation, elevate the spleen, thymic index and decrease liver index of the mice to different extent.

CONCLUSIONPolysaccharide ATPS-2 from A. tabescens had apparently protective effects in the immunological liver injury mice induced by BCG plus LPS.

Agaricales ; chemistry ; Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; Animals ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; blood ; B-Lymphocytes ; cytology ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; Interleukin-1 ; blood ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Liver ; metabolism ; pathology ; Liver Diseases ; immunology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mycobacterium bovis ; Nitric Oxide ; blood ; Polysaccharides ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Protective Agents ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Random Allocation ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes ; cytology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; blood

OBJECTIVETo observe the the protective effection of polysaccharides-2b of mudan cortex of Paeonia suffruticosa andr (PSM2b) on diabetic cataract.

METHODThe animal model of diabetic cataract in rats was induced by streptozotocin (STZ) and freund's adjuvant complete (CFA). The initial opacity occurrence time in lens was investigated with cranny lamp, and opacity degree of lens was compared too. The activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-pX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), the content of malonaldehyde (MDA) in serum and lens were detected. At the same time, the activities of Na(+) -K(+) -ATPase, the content of macromolecular weight protein and infusibility protein in lens were detected too.

RESULTThe results examinated by cranny lamp showed that PSM2b could significantly postpone the occurrence and alleviate opacity degree of lens. Compared with model group, every treatment group of PSM2b could lower the level of MDA, high and middle dose groups could increase the levels of SOD, GSH-pX, CAT in serum and lens in evidence, and enhance the activity of Na(+) -K(+) -ATPase. These indexes present favorable positive correlation between dose and effect.

CONCLUSIONAll these results demonstrated that PSM2b had apparently protective effection on diabetic cataract in rats.

Animals ; Catalase ; blood ; metabolism ; Cataract ; etiology ; metabolism ; prevention & control ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; blood ; chemically induced ; complications ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; blood ; metabolism ; Lens, Crystalline ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; blood ; metabolism ; Paeonia ; chemistry ; Phytotherapy ; Plant Bark ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Polysaccharides ; isolation & purification ; therapeutic use ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase ; metabolism ; Streptozocin ; Superoxide Dismutase ; blood ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo verify the clinical efficacy of acupuncture on motor dysfunction in ischemic stroke of subacute stage.

METHODSThe multi-central randomized controlled trial was adopted. One hundred and twenty-six cases of ischemic stroke of subacute stage were randomized into an acupuncture group (61 cases) and a conventional treatment group (65 cases). The basic treatment of western internal medicine and rehabilitation training were applied to the patients of the two groups. In the acupuncture group, acupuncture was supplemented at the body points located on the extensor of the upper limbs and the flexor of the lower limbs. In combination, scalp acupuncture was applied to NS5, MS6 and MS6 on the affected side. The treatment was given 5 times a week and totally 8 weeks were required. The follow-up observation lasted for 3 months. The scores in Fugl-Meyer scale and NIHSS scale and Barthel index were compared between the two groups before treatment, in 4 and 8 weeks of treatment and the 3-month follow-up observation after treatment separately.

RESULTSIn 4 and 8 weeks of treatment and the follow-up observation, Fugl-Meyer scale score was improved obviously in the patients of the two groups (all P<0. 01). In 8 weeks of treatment and the follow-up observation, Fugl-Meyer scale score in the acupuncture groupwas im proved much apparently as compared with that in the conventional treatment group [68. 0 (43. 0,86. 5) vs 52. 5 (30.3, 77.0), 77.0 (49.5, 89.0) vs 63. 0 (33.0, 84.0), both P<0. 05]. Except that NIHSS scale score was not reduced apparently in 4 weeks of treatment in the conventional treatment group (P>0.05), the results of NIHSS scale at the other time points were all decreased obviously as compared with those before treatment in the patients of the two groups (all P<0. 01). In 8 weeks of treatment and the follow-up observation, the results in the acupuncture group were reduced much apparently as compared with those in the conventional treatment group [5. 0 (3.0,8.0) vs 7. 0 (3.0,13.8), 4. 0 (1.5,7.0) vs 6.0 (2.0,11.7) ,both P<0. 05]. In 8 weeks of treatment and the follow-up observation, Barthel index was improved obviously as compared with that before treatment in the patients of the two groups (all P<0. 05). The improvement in the acupuncture group was much more significant as compared with the conventional treatment group [75. 0 (60. 0,87. 5) vs 65. O (36. 3, 87. 5), P<0. 051.

CONCLUSIONBased on the conventional treatment, Acupuncture achieves the satisfactory clinical efficacy on motor dysfunction in ischemic stroke of subacute stage.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Motor Activity ; Stroke ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome

Objective:To develop the modified medication regimen complexity index of Chinese version (mMRCI-C)and test its reliability and validity.Method:The Chinese version of MRCI was developed by modification,translation and back translation. The MRCI was interculturally adapted by 2-rounds of expert consultation and pilot study to ensure the semantics, content and conceptual equivalence. The validation of the mMRCI-C scale was tested among 420 community-dwelling elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) in Shanghai Changfeng Community Health Service Center from October to December 2020. SPSS 23.0 was used to analyze the reliability and validity of the scale.Results:The mMRCI-C scale included 3 dimensions, namely drug dosage form (14 entries), medication frequency (5 entries), and additional instructions (6 entries), with a total of 25 entries. Among 420 valid questionnaires collected,the respondents were 212 males (50.4%) and 208 females (49.6%) with a mean age of (71.4±8.1) years. The test-retest reliability was 0.999 and internal consistency reliability was 0.849. The content validity exceeded 0.80,the convergent validity was 0.932; and discriminant validity P<0.001. Conclusion:The preliminary testing results show that the reliability and validity of the mMRCI-C scale are satisfactory.