Objective:To establish the preliminary somatosensory data stratified by gender, age group, and sites in the trigeminal region through standardized quantitative sensory testing on healthy individuals, and to evaluate the effects of gender, age, and sites on somatosensory functions. Methods: The stan-dardised QST battery developed by the German Research Network on Neuropathic Pain consists totally of 13 different parameters. A total of 70 healthy individuals participated. The subjects were stratified into two groups according to age: younger group ( 16 female, 16 male, age 24 -40 years old ) and elder group (20 female, 18 male, age 41-69 years old) . The test was performed bilaterally over the infraor-bital, mental, and hand regions. Results:The preliminary orofacial somatosensory data stratified by gen-der, age group, and sites were presented. Female were more sensitive than male for most of the parame-ters ( P<0 . 05 ) . Age had a significant effect on most of the parameters ( P<0 . 05 ) , the younger group was more sensitive compared with the elder group (P<0. 01) for heat pain threshold (HPT): younger group (38. 07 ± 2. 94) ℃, elder group (39. 85 ± 3. 52) ℃;warmth detection threshold (WDT):youn-ger group (1.40 ±0.74) ℃, elder group (1.89 ±1.14) ℃; mechanical detection threshold (MDT):younger group (0. 73 ± 1. 66) mN, elder group (1. 41 ± 2. 82) mN; pressure pain threshold ( PPT):younger group ( 171. 71 ± 92. 51 ) kPa, elder group ( 196. 36 ± 73. 73 ) kPa; cold pain threshold (CPT):younger group (25. 90 ± 5. 38) ℃, elder group (21. 64 ± 6. 78) ℃; cold detection threshold (CDT):younger group ( -0. 97 ± 0. 55) ℃, elder group ( -1. 36 ± 0. 90) ℃, and wind-up ratio (WUR):younger group (3. 33 ± 2. 20), elder group (2. 67 ± 1. 68). The inverse results were demon-strated for mechanical pain threshold ( MPT ): younger group ( 111. 50 ± 88. 93 ) mN, elder group (104. 49 ± 94. 94) mN;mechanical pain sensitivity (MPS):younger group (6. 96 ± 5. 61), elder group (8.93 ±6.53), and vibration detection threshold (VDT): younger group (7.44 ±0.52) scale, elder group (7.55 ±0.48) scale (P<0.05). Somatosensory function was site dependent (P<0.001), the two trigeminal sites ( infraorbital and mental) were more sensitive than the hand for CDT, HPT, WDT, thermal sensory limen (TSL), MDT, MPT, MPS, and PPT (P <0. 001), but the inverse result was observed for VDT ( P <0 . 001 ) . Conclusion: The preliminary orofacial somatosensory data of Han Ethnicity stratified by gender, age group, and sites were established. The study evaluated the effects of gender , age and sites on orofacial somatosensory functions by employment standardized quantitative senso-ry testing.

Objective To explore the atypical ultrasonic appearances of breast fibroadenoma and analyze the cause of mis diagnosis.Methods A total of 493 lesions in 485 patients of breast fibroadenoma detected by ultrasound examination andconfirmed by pathology were retrospectively analyzed.Atypical appearances were analyzed and misdiagnosis rate were cal-culated.Statistical methods were taken to compare the misdiagnosis rates in lesions with various atypical appearances andthose with none or single atypical appearance.Misdiagnosis rates in lesions with different sizes and pathological types wereanalyzed statically.Then misdiagnosing causes were analyzed.Results A total of 404 lesions were diagnosed correctly,in-cluding 99 lesions with atypical appearances,and the other 89 lesions were misdiagnosed,which showed atypical appear-ances.The misdiagnosis rate of lesions with ≥2 atypical features was higher than that with none or single atypical feature(x2 =256.40,P＜ 0.05).Large lesions (maximum diameter＞ 3 am) showed higher misdiagnosis rates than small ones(maximum diameter ≤3 cm,x2=6.73,P＜0.05),and complex fibroadenoma lesions also showed higher misdiagnosisrate than simple ones (x2 =188.01,P＜0.05).Conclusion The lesions with various atypical appearances,large size andcomplex fibroadenoma in pathology are easy to be misdiagnosed.

Objective To study the dynamic changes in cardiac morphology and myocardial collagen in apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoE-/-) mice of different age with cholesterol-fed. Methods 18 male apoE-/- mice were randomized into 3 groups: 24 weeks group （n=6）, 32 weeks group （n=6）, 40 weeks group （n=6）. 8 C57BL/6J mice were set as the control. Serum cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were determined. The cardiac morphological changes and the myocardial collagen were observed. Results Compared with the 24 weeks group, the content of myocardial collagen of 32 and 40 weeks group significantly increased (P<0.05). Conclusion With the increasing of age, TC significantly increased, myocardial collagen content tended to go up.

Coronary Sinus ; abnormalities ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Subclavian Vein ; Vena Cava, Superior

r study.

Adult ; Aged ; Apoptosis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ; metabolism ; Pressure Ulcer ; metabolism ; pathology ; Skin ; metabolism ; pathology ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; metabolism

Objective:To investigate effects of Lidamycin (LDM,C-1027) on the proliferation and immunogenic transform of human Caski cervical cancer cells and to provide the basic experiment data and theoretical supports for establishment of the new immu-notherapy method mediated by LDM. Methods:MTT was used for the analysis of cell proliferation;apoptosis rate was analyzed by flow cytometry;Western blot was used to analyze the effect of LDM on the expression of Bax and Bcl-2 in Caski cells;the Flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of Calreticulin ( CRT ) on the cell surface. Results: Lidamycin inhibited proliferation of Caski cells significantly in the time-and dose-dependent manners;The apoptotic cell ratio induced by 5 μg/L Lidamycin was 11. 5% ,Comparing with the control group, Lidamycin treatment increased Bax but decreased Bcl-2 contents significantly within Caski cells, it also significantly increased the expression of CRT on the cell surface of Caski cells from 2. 31% to 67. 2%. Conclusion: Lidamycin has pharmacological activity in inhibiting proliferation of the human cervical Caski cells and the underlying mechanism is related with inducing the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis. In the same time,Lidamycin can increase the expression of CRT on the cell surface,so it may have the ability to promote the immunogenic apoptosis of tumor cells.

Objective To observe the expression of ITF in colon of mice infected by mouse cytomegalovirus (MCMV) and the in-volvement of ganciclovir(GCV) .Methods Forty-eight BALB/c young mice were randomly divided into blank group ,virus group and GCV group ,each with 8 mice .Mice in virus group and GCV group received injection of 100 μL MCMV virus suspension (TCID50105 .31 /mL) ,and GCV group was given intraperitoneal injection of GCV once a day at the dose of 50 mg/kg from day 0 (24 hours after vaccination of virus ) ,for 14 days .At the same time the virus group and blank group were given the same dose of normal saline as controls .Murine cytomegalovirus loads in livers and colons were measured by PCR .The expression levels of ITF in mRNA in colon were detected by RT-PCR .Results After MCMV injection ,mice in virus group manifested aggressively apparent poor appetite ,less activity ,fur laxly ,unresponsiveness to stimuli ,growth retardation ,body weight not increased .All liver and colon tissue MCMV-DNA PCR electrophoresis of virus group had positive strip ,while the blank group did not .GCV group also showed less bright positive strip when compared with the virus group .Expression level of ITF mRNA was significant higher in GCV group than virus group ,there was statistically significant difference(P<0 .05) .Expression of ITF mRNA in virus group were higher than that in blank group ,there was statistical difference(P<0 .05) .Conclusion ITF is regarded as a fast reaction peptide in the course of mucosa impairments ,so ITF plays a protective role in delayed healing process after acute MCMV infection .

BACKGROUND:The output of computed tomography (CT) is Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM), whereas the input of three-dimensional (3D) printing is an object Standard Template Library model represented by a triangular mesh. The process of data handing and forrmat conversion are keys to the combination of these two techniques. OBJECTIVE:To explore how to convert CT data into a stereoscopic 3D model efficiently. METHODS:The DICOM in Medicine format data of the patients with femoral fractures were edited and produced by Mimics. We made a 3D model by adjusting the parameters of the 3D printer slicing software, and discussed the significance of 3D model in medical field, especially orthopedics. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Mimics software is the bridge to connect two-dimensional CT scan images and 3D images, to create a 3D model by editing the data of DICOM which comes from the CT scanner, with a 3D printing technology. The 3D Model can help doctors for routine clinical diagnosis and treatment, to improve the communication between doctors and patients and the quality of clinical medical teaching. 3D printing also makes medicine more personalized, remote, minimally invasive, and promote the development of medicine to the direction of digital medicine.

objective To analyze the clinicopathological features and prognosis of antiglomerular basement membrane(GBM)disease,and evaluate the efficacy and safety of double filtration plasmapheresis(DFPP). Methods A total of 35 hospitalized patients diagnosed as anti-GBM disease in our department were enrolled in the study.All the patients were divided into 3 groups according to the manifestations at admission.Group Ⅰ∶24 patients with severe pulmonary hemorrhage or rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis(RPGN)received pulse methylprednisolone with or without DFPP,and then followed by prednisone and CTX.Group Ⅱ∶5 patients without severe pulmonary hemorrhage and RPGN received prednisone and CTX.Group Ⅲ∶5 ESRD patients and 1 normal renal function patient did not receive immunosuppression therapy.Anti-GBM antibody titer of pre-and post-DFPP in 4 patients was measured consecutively,and removal rate was calculated.Results The mean age of all the patients was(41.1±16.6)years.Sixteen patients(45.7%)presented Goodpasture's syndrome.Eighteen patients(51.4%)had anti-GBM glomerulonephritis alone,whereas one suffered solely from pulmonary hemorrhage.20%patients had positive P-ANCA serology.54.2%crescentic glomerulonephritis and 7 with other glomerulonephritis were revealed by kidney biopsy in 24 patients.Patients in Group Ⅰ showed more severe manifestation at admission:higher Scr level,higher titer of anit-GBM antibody,greater percentage of crescents.Within the follow-up period,7 patients died and kidneys of 50%patients survived.No patient died in Group Ⅱ and Ⅲ.The elder age,anemia,higher Scr(＞300 μmol/L),oliguria or anuria,emergency hemodialysis at admission,and more glomerular sclerosis were predictors of poor prognosis.The anti-GBM antibody was negative after 4 to 6 sessions of DFPP.and the mean removal rate was 55%.During total 94 DFPP sessions,there was no unacceptable morbidity. Conclusions Different therapy strategy is necessary for anti-GBM disease with different clinical manifestations.DFPP is an effective and safe clearance way of anti-GBM antibody.