Objective To explore the clinical implications of the initial levels of serum uric acid (SUA) after admission in the critically ill patients with infection,and to investigate the relationship between SUA and prognosis of infection.Methods From January 2003 to April 2010,471 patients with infection were admitted to the ICU of Huashan Hospital,Fudan University,Shanghai.Data,including serum uric acid (SUA),serum creatinine,blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and other relevant laborartory results within 24hours after admission,were retrospectively analyzed.The distribution of uric acid was described.The t test was used to evaluate the relation between SUA and preexisting disorders.Patients with different level of SUA were classfied for further analysis.x2 test was used to examine the difference in the prognosis of infection.Results The mean initial level of SUA within 24 hours after admission was 0.232 ± 0.131 mmol/L and the median 0.199 mmol/L. Remarkable difference in initial levels of SUA were observed in patients with preexisting hypertension (t=-3.084,P=0.002),diabetes mellitus (t=-2.487,P=0.013),cerebral infarction (t=-3.061,P=0.002),renal insufficiency (t=-4.547,P＜0.01),central nervous system infection (t =5.096,P ＜ 0.01 ) and trauma (t =2.875,P =0.004).Serum uric acid was linearly correlated with serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (F =159.470 and 165.059,respectively; P ＜0.01).No statistical correlation was found between initial levels of SUA and prognosis of infection (x2=60.892,P=0.100).Conclusions There is no direct correlation between the initial levels of SUA afteradmission and the prognosis of infection in the critically ill patients.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of intraarterial infusion chemotherapy in patients with advanced and/or recurrent breast cancer. Methods From February 2000 to March 2003, 18 patients with advanced and/or recurrent breast cancer were treated with interaarterial chemotherapy (IAC). The Seldinger's technique was used in all patients. IAC was administered for 2-3 courses every 3-4 weeks for each patient. Results The proceduce was successfully performed in all 18 patients including one with a complete response, 12 of a partial response, none in 3, and with progression in 2. The overall response rate was 72.2%. The frequent adverse effects were fever, leukopenia, nausea, and vomiting but no severe complication occurred. Conclusion Intraarterial infusion chemotherapy is a safe, simple, complication-free and effective in the patients with advanced and/or recurrent breast cancer.

Objective To analyze the effects of puerperium pelvic floor muscle training on pelvic floor muscle strength and its clinical significance. Methods One hundred postpartum women were included, with full-term singleton pregnancies and with complete follow-up records from Obstetrics Department of Peking University First Hospital between March 1, 2013 and October 31, 2013. Women with vaginal birth and cesarean birth commenced pelvic floor muscle training twice a day from 24 and 72 h after delivery, respectively. According to the different training frequencies, the subjects were divided into three groups: never-training group, occasional-training group (<6 times per week) and regular-training group (≥6 times per week). All patients received pelvic floor muscle strength measurement 6-8 weeks after parturition. And the strength of type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ pelvic floor muscle fiber was divided into 0, Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅴgrade. The abnormal strength of typeⅠand typeⅡpelvic floor muscle fiber standed for the grades lower thanⅢ. We compared the general conditions, delivery modes and abnormal ratio of type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ pelvic floor muscle fiber among the three groups, analyzed the relativity between the level of pelvic floor muscle fiber strength and pelvic floor muscle training frequency, and analyzed the influential factors of pelvic floor muscle fiber strength. Statistical analyses were performed by one-way ANOVA, rank-sum test, Pearson χ2 test, Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric test, Nemenyi test, Spearman rank correlation analysis and multivariate Logistic regression analysis. Results There was no statistical difference in age, gestation at delivery, parity, body mass index before delivery, neonatal birth weight and delivery mode among the never-training group (21 cases), occasional-training group (30 cases) and regular-training group (49 cases) (all P > 0.05). There was no statistical difference in labor time of first, second and total stage and episiotomy rate among the vaginal birth cases of the three groups. The abnormal ratio of type Ⅰ muscle fiber strength among the three groups was 100% (21/21), 77% (23/30) and 6% (3/49), respectively, while that of type Ⅱ muscle fiber strength was 100% (21/21), 53% (16/30) and 20% (10/49), respectively. And there were significant statistical differences among the three groups (F=119.16 and 77.84, both P<0.01). Spearman rank correlation analysis indicated that the level of typeⅠand typeⅡmuscle fiber strength had a significant positive correlation with pelvic floor muscle training frequency (r=0.88 and 0.79, both P<0.01). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that pelvic floor muscle training was an influential factor for pelvic floor muscle strength level (95%CI:0.000-0.193, P<0.01). Conclusions Puerperium pelvic floor muscle training can help enhance the tension force of pelvic floor muscle, might benefiting the postpartum recovery of pelvic floor muscle function.

Objective：To investigate the changes of calcitonin gene-related peptide immunoreactive (CGRP-IR)nerve fibers in rat dental pulps during acute inflammation. Methods： Rat acute pulpitis model was established by silk thread ligation and the change of CGRP-IR nerve fibers was observed with immunohistochemical method.Results： In radical pulp,the CGRP-IR nerve fibers became denser and more heavily stained；in the coronal pulp,the number of CGRP-IR nerve fibers decreased,but the background staining was heavier. Conclusion： During acute inflammation,the amount of CGRP increases in dental pulps, and is released into the surronding tissue in a large scale in the coronal region.

Objective:To investigate the distribution of calcitonin gene-related peptide immunoreactive(CGRP-IR) nerve fibers in periodontal tissue of rats, providing morphological data of CGRP in periodontitis. Methods:Five adult SD rats were sacrificed by transheart perfution fixation with 4% paraformaldehyde. The mandibles were removed and decalcified. Frozen sections were made and CGRP-IR nerve fibers in periodontal tissue were observed with immunohistochemical technique. Results: CGRP-IR nerve fibers were observed in gingiva, alveolar bone .periodontal membrane; many heavily stained CGRP-IR nerve fibers were found beneath junctional epithelium, epithelium of gingival sulcus and epithelium of gingival col; some CGRP-IR nerve fibers even penetrated into junctional epithelium and epithelium of gingival col. Conclusion; CGRP-IR nerve fibers extensively disdtribute in the periodontal tissue with the densest in the initial area of periodontitis, suggesting that CGRP may play a role in the genesis and development of periodontitis.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical and laboratory features of very long chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency ( VLCADD ) and the correlations between its genotype and phenotype.

METHODEleven patients diagnosed as VLCADD of Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine seen from September 2006 to May 2014 were included. There were 9 boys and 2 girls, whose age was 2 d-17 years. Analysis was performed on clinical features, routine laboratory examination, and tandem mass spectrometry (MS-MS) , gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and genetic analysis were conducted.

RESULTAll cases had elevated levels of blood tetradecanoylcarnitine (C14:1) recognized as the characteristic biomarker for VLCADD. The eleven patients were classified into three groups: six cases in neonatal onset group, three in infancy onset group form patients and two in late onset group. Neonatal onset patients were characterized by hypoactivity, hypoglycemia shortly after birth. Infancy onset patients presented hepatomegaly and hypoglycemia in infancy. The two adolescent patients showed initial manifestations of exercise intolerance or rhabdomyolysis. Six of the eleven patients died at the age of 2-8 months, including four neonatal onset and two infant onset patients, with one or two null mutations. The other two neonatal onset patients were diagnosed since early birth through neonatal screening and their clinical manifestation are almost normal after treatments. Among 11 patients, seventeen different mutations in the ACADVL gene were identified, with a total mutation detection rate of 95.45% (21/22 alleles), including eleven reported mutations ( p. S22X, p. G43D, p. R511Q, p. W427X, p. A213T, p. C215R, p. G222R, p. R450H, p. R456H, c. 296-297delCA, c. 1605 + 1G > T) and six novel mutations (p. S72F, p. Q100X, p. M437T, p. D466Y, c. 1315delG insAC, IVS7 + 4 A > G). The p. R450H was the most frequent mutation identified in three alleles (13.63%, 3/22 alleles), followed by p. S22X and p. D466Y mutations which were detected in two alleles (9.09%, 2/22 alleles).

CONCLUSIONThe ACADVL gene mutations were heterozygous in our patients. The mortality of neonatal onset form and infant onset form is much higher than the late onset form patients, suggesting a certain correlation between the genotype and phenotype was found. The earlier diagnosis and treatment of VLCADD are of vital importance for the improvement of the prognosis of the patients.

Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase, Long-Chain ; deficiency ; genetics ; Adolescent ; Age of Onset ; Alleles ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Female ; Genetic Testing ; Genotype ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Lipid Metabolism, Inborn Errors ; complications ; genetics ; Male ; Mitochondrial Diseases ; complications ; genetics ; Muscular Diseases ; complications ; genetics ; Mutation ; Neonatal Screening ; Phenotype ; Prognosis ; Rhabdomyolysis ; etiology ; Spectrum Analysis ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Objective To investigate the feasibility of treatment mode of end-to-end anastomosis of esophagus(EAS) af ter partial resection for early-stage cervical esophageal carcinoma(ECEA).Methods 7 patients were substantially confirmed as squsmous cell carcinoma of cervical esophagus by endoscopy,the nearest distance of the lesion from the incisors was 17cm,and the furthest was 20 cm,the maximum extent was 2.5 cm,and the minimum was 1 cm.None of them with longitudinal muscularis invasion.Confirmed by PET/CT or chest enhancement CT examination preoperatively,intrathoracic and cervical lymphatic metastasis was excluded,cT1 -2 N0 M0.Incisal margin length was not less than 1 cm,the maximum was 5 cm and the minimum was 3 cm.Meanwhile,the cervical lymph node should be dissected,and the average number was 6.43 per case.After surgery,all the patients were fixed by plaster slab to release the tension of anastomosis.Postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy or chemotherapy was received.Results None of the patients had severe postoperative complications,and the average hospital stay was 14.5 days.All the patients are alive,the longest follow-up lasts for 3 years and 4 months,all of them can take normal food,without anastomotic stenosis.Conclusion Treatment mode of EAS after partial resection for ECEA significantly decrease the operative damage,apparently improve the patient's quality of life(QOL),so that the patients can better receive adjuvant treatment subsequently; it is a feasible and effective method for cervical esophageal carcinoma at the early stage.

Objective To investigate the effect of progressive decompression elasticity socks therapy on life quality of the lower extremity deep vein thrombosis patients.Methods 50 qualified patients were divided into 2 groups receiving respectively compression therapy or not.Analysis and comparison were made based on results of SF36 questionnaire.Results There were no demographic differences between the two groups.Average follow-up time was (5.6 ± 2.4) months,the cronbach α coefficient was 0.8652 in compression therapy group,there was significant improvement on every evaluated stage and in every dimension after standard treatments (P ＜ 0.01),while in control group,only 4 dimensions (PF,RP,RE,BP) improved (P ＜ 0.05),there were statistical differences on every dimension between the two groups (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Progressive decompression elasticity socks therapy helps make the recovery of patients of acute deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremities.

In traditional biomedical research, a series of mechanism and measures had been taken for identity protection of data subjects, such as data disclosure in aggregated methods, information restricted in public only after identified variables removal and etc. The purpose of such process was aimed to properly keep confidentiality of health information for the target subjects in research. As the protection of subject privacy was viewed as one of the most essential principle of medical ethics in human research, the effects to fulfill and accomplish such process can help to maintain the trust and support among participants and social public. Currently, such traditional modes of privacy safeguard are widely-applied in genetics and genomics study. However, the universal applicability also causes a number of controversies, and the effectiveness remains to be proven. Nowadays, the risk assessments of data subjects’ privacy call for taking the whole“data context” into consideration, not just self-restricted in isolation and confined to quality control of data disclosure. With the soaring increasing of data resources in research involved human subjects, the issues of releasing genetic data have caused more and more public attention, especially for the sensitive domains of privacy protection. Based on the core problem and principles, this article attempted to discuss the controversial bioethical issues such as data context, data-intruder concept, privacy of data subject, identity control of releasing data, potential risk of individual identification, privacy protection of data subject, and etc. We hope these considerations can provide references to the bioethical understanding of biobanks research and decision-making of ethic review.

Objective To investigate the effect of curcumin on apoptosis in hippocampal neurons and the expression of c-Jun N-terminal kinase 3 (JNK3) and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95) in hippocampus during cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in rats with spontaneous hypertension (SH) .Methods One hundred and thirty-five male rats (homologous with WKY) with SH and 90 male normotensive WKY rats, weighing 275-325 g,were used in this study. The WKY rats were randomized into 2 groups ( n = 45 each) : sham operation group (WS group) and cerebral I/R group (W-I/R group) . The rats with SH were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 45each) : sham operation group (S-S group), cerebral I/R group (S-I/R group) and curcumin group (S-C group) .Global cerebral ischemia was produced by 4 vessel-occlusion method. The bilateral common carotid arteries were only exposed but not ligated in W-S and S-S groups. Intraperitoneal corn oil 10 ml/kg was injected at 30 min of reperfusion in W-I/R and S-I/R groups. Intraperitoneal curcumin 100 mg/kg was injected at 30 min of reperfusion in S-C group. Three animals in each group were sacrificed at 2 h, 6 h, 1 d, 3 d and 7 d of reperfusion and their brains were harvested for determination of apoptosis in hippocampal neurons and the expression of JNK3 and PSD95in hippocampus. Results The number of apoptotic neurons was significantly increased in S-S group compared with W-S group ( P < 0.05) . The number of apoptotic neurons was significantly increased and the expression of JNK3was up-regulated in S-I/R group compared with S-S group ( P < 0.05) . The number of apoptotic neurons was significantly decreased and the expression of JNK3 was down-regulated in S-C group compared with S-I/R group (P <0.05) . There was no significant difference in the expression of PSD95 among all the groups ( P > 0.05) . Conclusion Curcumin can inhibit apoptosis in hippocampal neurons and the mechanism is related to down-regulation of the expression of JNK3 in hippocampus. The mechanism by which curcumin down-regulates the expression of JNK3in hippocampus may not be related to PSD95 pathway.